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showing 10 items of 4920 documents

Impact of liver steatosis on the antiviral response in the hepatitis C virus-associated chronic hepatitis.

2006

: Background/Aim: Liver steatosis (LS) has been variably associated with chronic hepatitis C (CHC) but whether it affects sustained virological response to antiviral treatment and by what mechanisms is a question still under debate, at least for some genotypes. The aim of this work was to assess the frequency of LS, its relationship with host and viral factors and to what extent it can influence the response to antiviral combination therapy with pegylated interferon (INF)+ribavirin in a group of patients with CHC from a single center. Patients: One hundred and twelve patients with histologically proven CHC were treated with Peg INF-α 2a 180 μg a week subcutaneously for 48 weeks plus ribavir…

AdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtyPathologyAgingCombination therapyGenotypeHepatitis C virusantiviral treatmentHepacivirusInterferon alpha-2Single Centermedicine.disease_causeGastroenterologyAntiviral AgentsSeverity of Illness IndexBody Mass IndexPolyethylene Glycolsliver steatosischemistry.chemical_compoundPegylated interferonInternal medicineGenotypeRibavirinmedicinechronic hepatitis CHumansAspartate AminotransferasesHepatologybusiness.industryRibavirinInterferon-alphaAlanine Transaminasegamma-GlutamyltransferaseHepatitis C ChronicMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseRecombinant ProteinsFatty LiverTreatment OutcomechemistryLiverDrug Therapy CombinationFemaleSteatosisbusinessBody mass indexmedicine.drugLiver international : official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver
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CYP2C8 gene polymorphism and bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw in patients with multiple myeloma

2011

Osteonecrosis of the jaw is an uncommon but potentially serious complication of bisphosphonate therapy in multiple myeloma. Previous studies showed that the presence of one or two minor alleles of the cytochrome P450, subfamily 2C polypeptide 8 gene (CYP2C8) polymorphism rs1934951 was an independent prognostic marker associated with development of osteonecrosis of the jaw in multiple myeloma patients treated with bisphosphonates. The aim of this study was to validate the frequency of SNP rs193451 in 79 patients with multiple myeloma. In 9 (22%) patients developing osteonecrosis of the jaw, a heterozygous genotype was found, in contrast with those who did not develop osteonecrosis of the jaw…

AdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtyPathologyCYP2C8Genotypemedicine.medical_treatmentONJGastroenterologyPolymorphism Single NucleotideCytochrome P-450 CYP2C8stomatognathic systemInternal medicineGenotypemedicineSNPHumansAllelebisphosphonatesMultiple myelomaAllelesAgedAged 80 and overBisphosphonate-associated osteonecrosis of the jawbusiness.industryHematologyBisphosphonateMiddle Agedmedicine.diseasemultiple myelomastomatognathic diseasesBisphosphonate-Associated Osteonecrosis of the JawFemaleBrief ReportsAryl Hydrocarbon HydroxylasesOsteonecrosis of the jawComplicationbusinessMultiple Myeloma
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Genetic variants associated with cardiac structure and function: a meta-analysis and replication of genome-wide association data.

2009

Context Echocardiographic measures of left ventricular (LV) structure and function are heritable phenotypes of cardiovascular disease. Objective To identify common genetic variants associated with cardiac structure and function by conducting a meta-analysis of genome-wide association data in 5 population-based cohort studies (stage 1) with replication (stage 2) in 2 other community-based samples. Design, Setting, and Participants Within each of 5 community-based cohorts comprising the EchoGen consortium (stage 1; n = 12 612 individuals of European ancestry; 55% women, aged 26-95 years; examinations between 1978-2008), we estimated the association between approximately 2.5 million single-nuc…

AdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtyPathologyGenotypeHeart VentriclesPopulationLocus (genetics)Genome-wide association studySingle-nucleotide polymorphismPolymorphism Single NucleotideVentricular Function LeftWhite PeopleArticleVentricular Dysfunction LeftSDG 3 - Good Health and Well-beingRisk FactorsInternal medicineMedicineHumansHeart AtriaInternational HapMap ProjecteducationAortaAgedAged 80 and overeducation.field_of_studybusiness.industryGeneral MedicineOrgan SizeMiddle AgedPhenotypeCardiovascular DiseasesEchocardiographyMeta-analysisCohortCardiologyFemalebusinessCohort studyGenome-Wide Association StudyJAMA
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Ropeginterferon alfa-2b versus phlebotomy in low-risk patients with polycythaemia vera (Low-PV study): a multicentre, randomised phase 2 trial.

2021

Summary Background There is no evidence that phlebotomy alone is sufficient to steadily maintain haematocrit on target level in low-risk patients with polycythaemia vera. This study aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of ropeginterferon alfa-2b on top of the standard phlebotomy regimen with phlebotomy alone. Methods In 2017, we launched the Low-PV study, a multicentre, open-label, two-arm, parallel-group, investigator-initiated, phase 2 randomised trial with a group-sequential adaptive design. The study involved 21 haematological centres across Italy. Participants were recruited in a consecutive order. Participants enrolled in the study were patients, aged 18–60 years, with a diagnosis…

AdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtyPolycythaemiaNeutropeniaAdolescentPolicithemia veraInterferon alpha-2Polymorphism Single Nucleotidelaw.inventionPolyethylene Glycols03 medical and health sciencesYoung Adult0302 clinical medicineRandomized controlled trialPhlebotomylawBone MarrowInternal medicinemedicineClinical endpointData monitoring committeeHumansPolycythemia Verabusiness.industryStandard treatmentInterferon-alphaHematologyPhlebotomyJanus Kinase 2Middle AgedInterim analysismedicine.diseaseRecombinant ProteinsRegimenTreatment Outcome030220 oncology & carcinogenesisQuality of LifeFemalebusiness030215 immunologyThe Lancet. Haematology
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Association between +1059G/C CRP polymorphism and acute myocardial infarction in a cohort of patients from Sicily: a pilot study.

2006

Inflammation plays a role in all the phases of atherosclerosis, and increased production of the acute-phase reactant, C-reactive protein (CRP), predicts future cardiovascular events. Furthermore, CRP has been claimed to play a role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis; therefore, CRP polymorphisms might be associated with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). We have analyzed male patients affected by AMI and healthy age-related male controls from Sicily for +1059G/C CRP single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP). There was a significantly higher frequency of +1059C SNP (P = 0.0008; OR 3.86) in patients compared to controls. CRP serum levels were significantly higher in C+ healthy subjects rather …

AdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtyPopulationMyocardial InfarctionPilot ProjectsGastroenterologyPolymorphism Single NucleotideGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyPathogenesisCohort StudiesHistory and Philosophy of ScienceGene FrequencyInternal medicinemedicineImmunogeneticsOdds RatioSNPHumansMyocardial infarctioneducationSicilyInflammationeducation.field_of_studyPolymorphism Geneticbusiness.industryGeneral NeuroscienceCase-control studyOdds ratioMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseSurgeryC-Reactive ProteinCase-Control StudiesCohortAcute DiseasebusinessCohort studyAnnals of the New York Academy of Sciences
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Polymorphisms in the SCD1 gene are associated with indices of stearoyl CoA desaturase activity and obesity: a prospective study.

2013

Scope The serum fatty acid (FA) composition is influenced by dietary fat and the endogenous production of FAs. Stearoyl CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1) is the rate-limiting enzyme catalyzing the synthesis of MUFAs from saturated FAs. Variations in SCD1 activity have been associated with obesity, diabetes, or inflammation. We evaluated the associations between genetic variation of the SCD1 gene, SCD1 activity, intake of oil, and obesity in a population-based prospective study in southern Spain. Methods and results We collected phenotypic, metabolic, nutritional, and genetic information. The type of dietary fat was assessed from samples of cooking oil taken from the participants’ kitchens and analyze…

AdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtyPopulationSingle-nucleotide polymorphismBiologyPolymorphism Single NucleotideInternal medicineGenetic variationmedicineHumansPlant OilsGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseCookingObesityProspective StudieseducationOlive OilPhospholipidschemistry.chemical_classificationeducation.field_of_studyFatty acidMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseObesityDietary FatsEnzyme assayStearoyl-CoA DesaturaseEndocrinologyBiochemistrychemistryHaplotypesSpainbiology.proteinlipids (amino acids peptides and proteins)Stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1Stearoyl-CoA DesaturaseFood ScienceBiotechnologyMolecular nutritionfood research
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Posaconazole vs. Fluconazole or Itraconazole Prophylaxis in Patients with Neutropenia

2007

Patients with neutropenia resulting from chemotherapy for acute myelogenous leukemia or the myelodysplastic syndrome are at high risk for difficult-to-treat and often fatal invasive fungal infections.In this randomized, multicenter study involving evaluators who were unaware of treatment assignments, we compared the efficacy and safety of posaconazole with those of fluconazole or itraconazole as prophylaxis for patients with prolonged neutropenia. Patients received prophylaxis with each cycle of chemotherapy until recovery from neutropenia and complete remission, until occurrence of an invasive fungal infection, or for up to 12 weeks, whichever came first. We compared the incidence of prove…

AdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtyPosaconazoleAntifungal AgentsNeutropeniaAdolescentItraconazolemedicine.medical_treatmentAntineoplastic AgentsKaplan-Meier EstimateOpportunistic InfectionsNeutropeniaInternal medicineClinical endpointmedicineHumansSingle-Blind MethodFluconazoleAgedAged 80 and overChemotherapyLeukopeniabusiness.industryMyelodysplastic syndromesGeneral MedicineMiddle AgedTriazolesmedicine.diseaseSurgeryLeukemia Myeloid AcuteTreatment OutcomeMycosesMyelodysplastic SyndromesFemaleItraconazolemedicine.symptombusinessFluconazolemedicine.drugNew England Journal of Medicine
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Report of results obtained in 2,934 women using donor sperm: donor insemination versus in vitro fertilization according to indication.

2011

Objective To demonstrate that the use of donor sperm leads to varying outcome rates and that its use has evolved. Design Retrospective observational cohort study. Setting University-affiliated private IVF setting. Patient(s) Women (2,934) undergoing donor insemination (DI) or IVF with donor sperm (IVF-D). Intervention(s) None. Main Outcome Measurement(s) We evaluated the distribution of the clinical indications for the use of donated sperm, studying the reproductive outcome. Result(s) A total of 1,663 DI (57%) and 1,271 IVF-D (43%) were performed. There were significant differences in the indications for the use of donated sperm (DI vs. IVF-D). Regarding pregnancy rates (PR), cases of nonob…

AdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtyPregnancy Ratemedicine.medical_treatmentPopulationFertilization in VitroBiologyRisk AssessmentIntracytoplasmic sperm injectionPregnancyRisk FactorsmedicineOdds RatioHumansAdvanced maternal ageSperm Injections Intracytoplasmiceducationreproductive and urinary physiologyAzoospermiaRetrospective StudiesGynecologyPregnancyeducation.field_of_studyIn vitro fertilisationChi-Square Distributionurogenital systemObstetricsObstetrics and GynecologySingle Personmedicine.diseaseSpermSpermatozoaTissue DonorsLogistic ModelsTreatment OutcomeReproductive MedicineSpainInsemination Artificial HeterologousFemaleDonor spermCohort studyMaternal AgeFertility and sterility
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Vulnerability to psychotogenic effects of ketamine is associated with elevated D2/3-receptor availability.

2012

Previous positron emission tomography (PET) studies employing competition paradigms have shown either no change or substantial declines in striatal ( 11 C)-raclopride binding after challenge with psychotogenic doses of the N-methyl-D-aspartate antagonist ketamine. We sought to probe the relationship between the severity of ketamine-induced psychotic symptoms and altered dopamine D2/3 receptor availability throughout brain using the high affinity ligand ( 18 F)-fallypride (FP). PET recordings were obtained in a group of 10 healthy, young male volunteers, in a placebo condition, and in the course of an infusion with ketamine at a psychotomimetic dose. Administration of the Positive and Negati…

AdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtyPsychosisCaudate nucleusContext (language use)Genetics BehavioralYoung AdultInternal medicinemedicineHumansPharmacology (medical)Single-Blind MethodPharmacologyRaclopridePositive and Negative Syndrome ScaleReceptors Dopamine D2Receptors Dopamine D3Psychotomimeticmedicine.diseaseUp-RegulationPsychiatry and Mental healthEndocrinologyFallyprideSchizophreniaAnesthesiaPositron-Emission TomographyBenzamidesKetaminePsychologymedicine.drugProtein BindingThe international journal of neuropsychopharmacology
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Confirmation that the AKT1 (rs2494732) genotype influences the risk of psychosis in cannabis users.

2012

Background Cannabis use is associated with an increased risk of psychosis. One study has suggested that genetic variation in the AKT1 gene might influence this effect. Methods In a case-control study of 489 first-episode psychosis patients and 278 control subjects, we investigated the interaction between variation at the AKT1 rs2494732 single nucleotide polymorphism and cannabis use in increasing the risk of psychosis. Results The rs2494732 locus was not associated with an increased risk of a psychotic disorder, with lifetime cannabis use, or with frequency of use. We did, however, find that the effect of lifetime cannabis use on risk of psychosis was significantly influenced by the rs24947…

AdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtyPsychosisMarijuana AbuseEpisode of CarePolymorphism Single NucleotideRisk AssessmentOddsInternational Classification of DiseasesRisk FactorsLondonSettore MED/48 -Scienze Infermierist. e Tecn. Neuro-Psichiatriche e Riabilitat.medicineConfidence IntervalsOdds RatioHumansGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseGenetic TestingGene–environment interactionPsychiatrySettore MED/25 - PsichiatriaBiological PsychiatryDemographybiologyCase-control studyOdds ratiomedicine.diseasebiology.organism_classificationConfidence intervalPsychotic DisordersSocioeconomic FactorsCase-Control StudiesFemaleGene-Environment InteractionAKT1 gene cannabis use gene environment interaction psychosis schizophrenia signaling pathwaysCannabisRisk assessmentPsychologyProto-Oncogene Proteins c-aktDemographyBiological psychiatry
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