Search results for "Sodium"

showing 10 items of 1605 documents

Genome-Wide Association Studies of the PR Interval in African Americans.

2011

The PR interval on the electrocardiogram reflects atrial and atrioventricular nodal conduction time. The PR interval is heritable, provides important information about arrhythmia risk, and has been suggested to differ among human races. Genome-wide association (GWA) studies have identified common genetic determinants of the PR interval in individuals of European and Asian ancestry, but there is a general paucity of GWA studies in individuals of African ancestry. We performed GWA studies in African American individuals from four cohorts (n = 6,247) to identify genetic variants associated with PR interval duration. Genotyping was performed using the Affymetrix 6.0 microarray. Imputation was p…

AdultMaleCancer ResearchMuscle ProteinsSingle-nucleotide polymorphismGenome-wide association studyQH426-470030204 cardiovascular system & hematologyBiologyGenetics and Genomics/Complex TraitsPolymorphism Single NucleotideSodium ChannelsWhite PeopleNAV1.5 Voltage-Gated Sodium ChannelNAV1.8 Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel03 medical and health sciencesElectrocardiography0302 clinical medicineAsian PeopleCardiovascular Disorders/Arrhythmias Electrophysiology and PacingGeneticsSNPHumansCardiac and Cardiovascular SystemsPR intervalInternational HapMap ProjectMyeloid Ecotropic Viral Integration Site 1 ProteinMolecular BiologyGenotypingGenetics (clinical)Ecology Evolution Behavior and Systematics030304 developmental biologyAgedGeneticsHomeodomain Proteins0303 health sciencesArrhythmias CardiacHeart-rate;Atherosclerosis risk; Genetic-analysis; Common variants; Design; Populations; Objectives; Conduction; Disease; TwinsMiddle AgedNeoplasm ProteinsMinor allele frequencyBlack or African AmericanAtrioventricular NodeFemaleT-Box Domain ProteinsImputation (genetics)Research ArticleGenome-Wide Association Study
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Effect of ouabain and furosemide on erythrocyte sodium and phosphate transport.

1981

The effects of ouabain and furosemide on the unidirectional efflux of sodium and phosphate ions were studied in freshly drawn human red blood cells (RBCs). In the presence of physiologic concentrations of sodium and potassium the rate of sodium efflux was reduced by 74% due to ouabain sensitivity. Furosemide (1.0 mmol/l) reduced ouabain-insensitive sodium transport rate by a further 50%. Thus, 13% of total sodium efflux was inhibited by furosemide when ouabain was present. In the absence of ouabain, however, furosemide inhibited 31% of total sodium transport, indicating that it also affected ouabain-sensitive sodium efflux. Phosphate transfer of RBCs was almost 1.0 mmol/l RBCs per hour. Ery…

AdultMaleCell Membrane PermeabilityErythrocytesPotassiumSodiumchemistry.chemical_elementBiological Transport ActiveOuabainIon ChannelsPhosphateschemistry.chemical_compoundHydrolysisFurosemidemedicineHumansPharmacology (medical)OuabainPharmacologyChromatographyChemistrySodiumFurosemidePhosphateBiochemistryPotassiumEffluxSodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPaseAdenosine triphosphatemedicine.drugClinical pharmacology and therapeutics
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New levothyroxine formulation meeting 95–105% specification over the whole shelf-life: results from two pharmacokinetic trials

2016

Small levothyroxine (L-T4) dose changes can lead to significant clinical effects. To ensure thyroid hormone levels are safely maintained, authorities are increasingly adopting stricter potency specifications for L-T4, the most stringent of these being 95-105% of the labeled dose over the whole shelf-life. Levothyroxine sodium (Euthyrox, Eutirox, Lévothyrox ) has been reformulated, and two studies performed, to ensure bioequivalence to the currently marketed formulation and dosage form proportionality of the new formulation.The bioequivalence study was an open-label, randomized, single-dose, two-period, two-sequence crossover comparing the highest dosage strengths of the currently marketed a…

AdultMaleChemistry PharmaceuticalLevothyroxine030209 endocrinology & metabolismPharmacologyBioequivalenceShelf lifeDosage form03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicinePharmacokineticsHumansMedicinePotencyCross-Over Studiesbusiness.industryGeneral MedicineCrossover studyThyroxineTherapeutic EquivalencyArea Under Curve030220 oncology & carcinogenesisFemalebusinessTabletsmedicine.drugLevothyroxine SodiumCurrent Medical Research and Opinion
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High density of tryptase-positive mast cells in human colorectal cancer: a poor prognostic factor related to protease-activated receptor 2 expression

2013

Tryptase(+) mast cells (MCs), abundant in the invasive front of tumours, contribute to tissue remodelling. Indeed, protease-activated receptor- 2 (PAR-2) activation by MC-tryptase is considered an oncogenic event in colorectal cancer (CRC). Recently, we have suggested NHERF1 as a potential new marker in CRC. In this study, we aimed to determine the distribution of tryptase(+) MCs and PAR-2 and to examine the relationship between PAR-2 and NHERF1, investigating their reputed usefulness as tumour markers. We studied a cohort of 115 CRC specimens including primary cancer (C) and adjacent normal mucosa (NM) by immunohistochemical double staining, analyzing the protein expression of MC-tryptase,…

AdultMaleCytoplasmPathologymedicine.medical_specialtySodium-Hydrogen ExchangersColorectal cancerLymphovascular invasionSettore MED/06 - Oncologia MedicainvasivenesstryptasePAR-2Cell CountTryptaseModels BiologicalImmunophenotypingNHERF1Intestinal mucosamedicineHumansReceptor PAR-2Mast CellsIntestinal Mucosaprognostic factorProtease-activated receptor 2AgedAged 80 and overbiologyColorectal cancer PAR-2 mast cell tryptase NHERF1 prognostic factor invasiveness aggressivenessOriginal ArticlesCell BiologyaggressivenessMiddle AgedPhosphoproteinsPrognosismedicine.diseaseMast cellColorectal cancermedicine.anatomical_structurebiology.proteinMolecular MedicineImmunohistochemistryFemaleTryptasesmast cellColorectal Neoplasms
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Effectiveness of eslicarbazepine acetate in dependency of baseline anticonvulsant therapy: Results from a German prospective multicenter clinical pra…

2019

Abstract Eslicarbazepine acetate (ESL) is a third-generation antiepileptic drug (AED) approved as monotherapy for partial-onset seizures in adults and as adjunctive therapy in patients aged above 6 years in the European Union (EU). The prospective observational Zebinix Effects in DEpendency of BAseline Conditions (ZEDEBAC) study aimed at investigating the effectiveness of ESL in clinical practice, with ESL being administered as monotherapy (mono group), as only add-on to a current monotherapy (1 + group), or as add-on to ≥ 2 baseline AEDs (≥ 2 + group). In total, 237 patients were included, 35 in the mono group, 114 in the 1 +, and 88 in the ≥ 2 + group. Six-month retention rates were 93.9%…

AdultMaleDrug Resistant Epilepsymedicine.medical_specialtyYoung Adult03 medical and health sciencesBehavioral NeuroscienceEpilepsy0302 clinical medicineSodium channel blockerRefractoryDibenzazepinesSeizuresInternal medicineHumansMedicinemedia_common.cataloged_instanceProspective Studies030212 general & internal medicineEuropean unionAgedmedia_commonbusiness.industryMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseNeurologyEslicarbazepine acetateConcomitantAnticonvulsantsFemaleObservational studyNeurology (clinical)businessHyponatremia030217 neurology & neurosurgerySodium Channel Blockersmedicine.drugEpilepsy & Behavior
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Relaxation and cyclic GMP levels in response to sildenafil in human pulmonary arteries from donors.

2005

We measured cyclic GMP formation and relaxation response to sildenafil given either alone or in combination with sodium nitroprusside (SNP) in pulmonary arteries obtained from 13 multi-organ donors. Sildenafil (10(-9)-10(-4) M) caused concentration-dependent relaxations and amplified the relaxation induced by SNP. Relaxation was unaffected by endothelium removal or by pre-treatment with the inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase L-NMMA (10(-4) M). SNP (10(-7) M) caused elevation of cyclic GMP levels that was potentiated by sildenafil (10(-6) M). Thus, the enhancement of SNP-induced relaxation by sildenafil is mainly due to an increase in cyclic GMP accumulation.

AdultMaleNitroprussideEndotheliumSildenafilPhosphodiesterase InhibitorsVasodilator AgentsVasodilationPharmacologyIn Vitro TechniquesPulmonary ArteryPiperazinesSildenafil CitrateNitric oxidechemistry.chemical_compound3'5'-Cyclic-GMP PhosphodiesterasesmedicineHumansNitric Oxide DonorsSulfonesCyclic GMPPharmacologybiologyChemistryDrug SynergismMiddle Agedrespiratory tract diseasesNitric oxide synthaseVasodilationmedicine.anatomical_structureBiochemistryEnzyme inhibitorPurinesCirculatory systemcardiovascular systembiology.proteinFemaleSodium nitroprussidemedicine.drugEuropean journal of pharmacology
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Functional, biochemical and morphological studies on human bronchi after cryopreservation

1995

1. Human isolated bronchi have been investigated as fresh tissue or after storage (7 and 30 days) at -196 degrees C in foetal calf serum containing 1.8 M dimethyl sulphoxide. 2. After cryopreservation, the maximal contractile response to acetylcholine (3 mM) was reduced (approximately 25%) but the difference did not reach significance statistically. Maximal responses to other spasmogens tested (histamine, [Nle10]NKA(4-10), bradykinin, leukotriene D4, U46619, and KCl) did not differ between unfrozen and frozen/thawed tissues. The sensitivity of cryopreserved tissues to the constrictor agents tested was similar to that of fresh tissues. 3. The accumulation of inositol phosphates produced by a…

AdultMalePathologymedicine.medical_specialtyLung NeoplasmsInositol PhosphatesBronchiIn Vitro TechniquesBiologyTritiumCryopreservationAndrologychemistry.chemical_compoundFresh TissueIsoprenalinemedicineHumansDimethyl SulfoxideRolipramAgedCryopreservationPharmacologyMicroscopyMiddle AgedAcetylcholinechemistryFemaleSodium nitroprussidemedicine.symptomAcetylcholineHistamineMuscle ContractionResearch Articlemedicine.drugMuscle contractionBritish Journal of Pharmacology
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Immunohistochemical profile of human pancreatic pacinian corpuscles.

2010

To analyze the immunohistochemical profile of the human pancreatic pacinian corpuscles in comparison with that of the cutaneous pacinian corpuscles. In addition, we studied a Pacinilike corpuscle found in the adventitia of a pancreatic artery.We used immunohistochemistry to detect specific antigens for corpuscular constituents, specific antibodies for the identification of Adelta- and C-sensory fibers and for the detection of several growth factor receptors, and some members of the degenerin/epithelial Na channel superfamily of proteins.Approximately 62% of pancreatic pacinian corpuscles have 2 to 10 axonic profiles each enclosed by its own inner core: 1 or 2 of these axonic profiles displa…

AdultMalePathologymedicine.medical_specialtySensory Receptor CellsEndocrinology Diabetes and MetabolismNerve Tissue ProteinsEndocrinologyAdventitiaGlial Fibrillary Acidic ProteinInternal MedicinemedicineHumansReceptor trkBReceptors Growth FactorEpithelial Sodium ChannelsPancreasHepatologybusiness.industryMucin-1AnatomyMiddle AgedImmunohistochemistryAcid Sensing Ion Channelsmedicine.anatomical_structureDegenerin Sodium ChannelsImmunohistochemistryPancreasbusinessPacinian CorpusclesPacinian CorpusclePancreas
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Primordial Prevention of High Blood Pressure in Childhood

2020

Hypertension is a condition with increased risk for subsequent adverse events, and treatment of hypertension is prescribed for primary prevention of adverse events. Primordial prevention is a concept that precedes primary prevention and focuses on risk factor prevention. Primordial prevention of hypertension consists of strategies to maintain blood pressure in a normal range and prevent development of elevated blood pressure or hypertension. Childhood is a period in which primordial prevention could be effective and if sustained throughout childhood could contribute to a healthier young adulthood. Targets for primordial prevention in childhood include preventing and reducing childhood obesi…

AdultMalePediatric ObesityPediatricsmedicine.medical_specialtyAdolescentReproductive Techniques AssistedOffspringChildhood obesityElevated bloodPregnancyRisk FactorsPrevalenceInternal MedicineHumansMedicineSleep HygieneAge of OnsetYoung adultRisk factorChildAdverse effectExerciseLife StyleNormal rangeAir Pollutantsbusiness.industryInfantPotassium DietaryDiet Sodium-RestrictedInfant Low Birth Weightmedicine.diseaseDietPregnancy ComplicationsPrimary PreventionBlood pressureChild PreschoolPrenatal Exposure Delayed EffectsHypertensionFemalebusinessHypertension
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Iodine intake from supplements and diet during pregnancy and child cognitive and motor development: the INMA Mother and Child Cohort Study

2017

BackgroundThe effect of mild-to-moderate maternal iodine deficiency on the neuropsychological development of their offspring is uncertain. We aimed to assess the association between iodine status during pregnancy and the cognitive and motor development of children at 4–5 years.MethodsWe conducted a prospective cohort study in four Spanish regions with recruitment of pregnant women between 2003 and 2008 and follow-up of their children up to 4–5 years (mean (SD)=4.8 (0.6)). Cognitive and motor function was assessed in 1803 children using the McCarthy Scales of Children’s Abilities. Dietary iodine and supplementation were measured through questionnaires twice during pregnancy. Urinary iodine c…

AdultMalePediatricsmedicine.medical_specialtyEpidemiologyOffspringDevelopmental DisabilitiesMothers030209 endocrinology & metabolismNeuropsychological Tests03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundCognition0302 clinical medicinePregnancySurveys and QuestionnairesmedicineHumansProspective Studies030212 general & internal medicineSodium Chloride DietaryProspective cohort studyCreatininePregnancybusiness.industryPublic Health Environmental and Occupational Healthmedicine.diseaseIodine deficiencyPregnancy ComplicationsIodised saltCross-Sectional StudieschemistrySpainChild PreschoolCreatininePrenatal Exposure Delayed EffectsDietary SupplementsDietary IodineFemaleCognition DisordersbusinessIodineCohort studyJournal of Epidemiology and Community Health
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