Search results for "Spasm"

Alteration of Esophageal Peristalsis by Pentagastrin in Patients with Diffuse Esophageal Spasm

1975

Although it has been shown that gastrin and gastric alkalinization affect the lower esophageal sphincter, in vivo studies have not demonstrated a measurable effect of pentagastrin on esophageal peristalsis. In 9 patients with diffuse esophageal spam and in 10 control subjects esophageal peristalsis was recorded before and after pentagastrin infections. Subcutaneous pentagastrin increased peak amplitude significantly more in patients, 31.2 +/- 8.1 mm Hg (mean +/- S.E.M.), than in controls, 12.1 +/- 5.1 mm Hg (P less than 0.02). Max. duration of contraction waves in patients showed a rise of 11.3 +/- 2.7 sec as compared to controls, 1.9 +/- 0.9 sec (P less than 0.01). The effect of pentagastr…

Vascular Decompression of Trigeminal and Facial Nerves in the Posterior Fossa under Endoscope-Assisted Keyhole Conditions

2008

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the use and safety of the endoscope as an adjunct during trigeminal and facial nerve decompression procedures performed under keyhole conditions in the posterior fossa. Method: We performed 67 surgeries in 65 patients with symptomatic trigeminal and facial nerve compression syndromes. The diagnosis was made mainly on the basis of clinical history, examination, and magnetic resonance imaging scans. Surgery was performed in all cases under endoscope-assisted keyhole conditions. The follow-up was 1 week postoperatively, 6 months, and then yearly up to 7 years. All 34 patients with trigeminal neuralgia received preoperative medication treatment …

Obstrucción funcional de la unión esofagogástrica inducida por opiáceos

2017

Therapeutic considerations in cerebellopontine angle lipomas inducing hemifacial spasm.

2000

Lipoma is a very rare tumour at the cerebellopontine angle. We report a case of incomplete hemifacial spasm, associated with a lipoma involving and compressing both facial and acoustic nerves at their origin in the brainstem. The patient was treated with medical therapy (botulinum toxin A) and surgery. We present a review of the last ten years of the literature, with particular regard to management.

Management of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: State of the art and future perspectives

2017

Background: Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) accounts for 5% of strokes and carries a poor prognosis. It affects around 6 cases per 100,000 patient years occurring at a relatively young age. Methods: Common risk factors are the same as for stroke, and only in a minority of the cases, genetic factors can be found. The overall mortality ranges from 32% to 67%, with 10–20% of patients with long-term dependence due to brain damage. An explosive headache is the most common reported symptom, although a wide spectrum of clinical disturbances can be the presenting symptoms. Brain computed tomography (CT) allow the diagnosis of SAH. The subsequent CT angiography (CTA) or digital subtraction …

Comparing the Outcomes of Different Agents to Treat Vasospasm at Microsurgical Anastomosis during the Papaverine Shortage.

2017

Letter to Editor

Executive summary of the joint position paper on renal denervation of the Cardiovascular and Interventional Radiological Society of Europe and the Eu…

2016

Renal denervation (RDN) was reported as a novel exciting treatment for resistant hypertension in 2009. An initial randomized trial supported its efficacy and the technique gained rapid acceptance across the globe. However, a subsequent large blinded, sham arm randomized trial conducted in the USA (to gain Food and Drug Administration approval) failed to achieve its primary efficacy end point in reducing office blood pressure at 6 months. Published in 2014 this trial received both widespread praise and criticism. RDN has effectively stopped out with clinical trials pending further evidence. This joint consensus document representing the European Society of Hypertension and the Cardiovascular…

An overview of new pharmacological treatments for cerebrovascular dysfunction after experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage

2004

Cerebral vasospasm and the resulting cerebral ischemia occurring after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) are still responsible for the considerable morbidity and mortality in patients affected by cerebral aneurysms. Mechanisms contributing to the development of vasospasm, abnormal reactivity of cerebral arteries and cerebral ischemia after SAH have been intensively investigated in recent years. It has been suggested that the pathogenesis of vasospasm is related to a number of pathological processes, including endothelial damage, smooth muscle cell contraction resulting from spasmogenic substances generated during lyses of subarachnoid blood clots, changes in vascular responsiveness and inflamma…

Vasospasm in Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: An Evolving Knowledge

2014

During the last decade, accumulating experimental and clinical evidence has demonstrated that the presence of delayed vasospasm of the major cerebral vessels may just be a contributing factor but not necessarily the principal determinant of delayed cerebral ischemia and delayed ischemic neurologic deficit. Cerebral infarction can occur when vasospasm is not angiographically detected in the territorial artery, and poor outcome in aSAH seems to be directly dependent on infarction but independent of vasospasm . There is increasing evidence that other contributing factors may be involved in the development of delayed cerebral ischemia, and their characterization and treatment could improve the …

Longitudinal imaging and evaluation of SAH-associated cerebral large artery vasospasm in mice using micro-CT and angiography

2019

Longitudinal in vivo imaging studies characterizing subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH)-induced large artery vasospasm (LAV) in mice are lacking. We developed a SAH-scoring system to assess SAH severity in mice using micro CT and longitudinally analysed LAV by intravenous digital subtraction angiography (i.v. DSA). Thirty female C57Bl/6J-mice (7 sham, 23 SAH) were implanted with central venous ports for repetitive contrast agent administration. SAH was induced by filament perforation. LAV was assessed up to 14 days after induction of SAH by i.v. DSA. SAH-score and neuroscore showed a highly significant positive correlation (rsp = 0.803, p < 0.001). SAH-score and survival showed a negative sig…