Search results for "Specie"

showing 10 items of 4389 documents

Immune activation increases susceptibility to oxidative tissue damage in Zebra Finches.

2006

Summary 1The innate immune response involves the production of highly reactive molecules (reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, ROS and RNS). These toxic compounds can effectively destroy invading pathogens but can also, non-specifically, target host cells. Tissue damage caused by ROS and RNS can be substantial if the inflammatory response is overactive, potentially inducing a so-called immunopathology. 2In this study, we induced an inflammatory response in Zebra Finches by the way of a LPS injection (lipopolysaccharide of the cell wall of Escherichia coli), using as a control a group of birds injected with saline (phosphate-buffered saline). Body mass was measured both before and 24 h afte…

0106 biological sciencesLipopolysaccharidefree radicals[ SDV.BBM.BM ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry Molecular Biology/Molecular biologyBiologymedicine.disease_cause010603 evolutionary biology01 natural sciencesimmune activation03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundImmune systemnitric oxideImmunopathologymedicine[ SDV.IMM ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/ImmunologyimmunopathologyZebra finchEcology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsReactive nitrogen speciesComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS030304 developmental biologyZebra Finchchemistry.chemical_classification0303 health sciencesReactive oxygen speciesInnate immune systemlipopolysaccharide[SDV.BBM.BM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry Molecular Biology/Molecular biology3. Good healthchemistryImmunology[SDV.IMM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/ImmunologyOxidative stress
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Integrated signaling network involving calcium, nitric oxide, active oxygen species but not mitogen-activated protein kinases in BcPG1-elicited grape…

2006

We have already reported the identification of the endopolygalacturonase 1 (BcPG1) from Botrytis cinerea as a potent elicitor of defense responses in grapevine, independently of its enzymatic activity. The aim of the present study is the analysis of the signaling pathways triggered by BcPG1 in grapevine cells. Our data indicate that BcPG1 induces a Ca2+ entry from the apoplasm, which triggers a phosphorylation-dependent nitric oxide (NO) production via an enzyme probably related to a NO synthase. Then NO is involved in i) cytosolic calcium homeostasis, by activating Ca2+ release from internal stores and regulating Ca2+ fluxes across the plasma membrane, ii) plasma membrane potential variat…

0106 biological sciencesMAPK/ERK pathwayTime FactorsPhysiology[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase01 natural sciencesNitric oxideFungal Proteins03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compounddepolarizationGene Expression Regulation Plantplant defensenitric oxideVitisdépolarisationProtein kinase ACells Cultured030304 developmental biology0303 health scienceselicitorbiologyelicitor; grapevine; plant defense; nitric oxideKinaseGeneral MedicinePlants Genetically ModifiedElicitorgrapevinechemistryBiochemistryMitogen-activated protein kinasebiology.proteinCalciumBotrytisMitogen-Activated Protein KinasesSignal transductionbotrytis cinereavigneReactive Oxygen SpeciesAgronomy and Crop ScienceSignal Transduction010606 plant biology & botany
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Community size can affect the signals of ecological drift and niche selection on biodiversity

2020

Made available in DSpace on 2020-12-12T01:24:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2020-06-01 Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) Academy of Finland Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) Ecological drift can override the effects of deterministic niche selection on small populations and drive the assembly of some ecological communities. We tested this hypothesis with a unique data set sampled identically in 200 streams in two regions (tropical Brazil and boreal Finland) that differ in macroinvertebrate community size by fivefold. Null models allowed us t…

0106 biological sciencesMETACOMMUNITIESNichenull modelsBeta diversityBiodiversitydispersal metacommunities010603 evolutionary biology01 natural sciencesCOLONIZATIONDISPERSALCONNECTIVITYAbundance (ecology)TROPICAL STREAMbeta-diversity deviation14. Life underwaterdispersalDISTURBANCEBETA-DIVERSITYRelative species abundanceEcosystemFinlandEcology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsRESTORATIONdemographic stochasticityβ-diversity deviationvesieläimistöEcology010604 marine biology & hydrobiologySmall population sizeBiodiversitybeta diversity deviation15. Life on landBiotaluonnon monimuotoisuusbiodiversiteettiGeographyHabitat destruction13. Climate action1181 Ecology evolutionary biologySIMILARITYPATTERNShyönteisetcommunity assemblySpecies richnessaquatic insectsmetacommunitiesBrazil
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Sexual display complexity varies non-linearly with age and predicts breeding status in greater flamingos.

2016

AbstractThe long-lived greater flamingo (Phoenicopterus roseus) is famous for performing conspicuous group displays during which adults try to acquire a new mate each year with varying success. We examined variation in the sexual display complexity (SDC) of wild flamingos aged between 4 and 37 yrs. SDC was defined as the product of richness (the number of different display movements) and versatility (the number of transitions between movements) within a 5 min behavioral sequence. In both sexes, date in the pairing season had a linear and positive effect on SDC, whereas age had a quadratic effect, with SDC increasing until about age 20yrs, and declining afterwards. SDC better explained pairi…

0106 biological sciencesMale010603 evolutionary biology01 natural sciencesArticle[ SDV.EE ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology environmentBirdsSexual Behavior AnimalAnimals0501 psychology and cognitive sciences050102 behavioral science & comparative psychology10. No inequality[SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology environment[ SDE.BE ] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and EcologyMultidisciplinarybiologyEcology05 social sciencesAge Factorsbiology.organism_classificationFemaleGreater flamingoSpecies richnessSeasons[SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and EcologyDemography
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Evidence for ontogenetically and morphologically distinct alternative reproductive tactics in the invasive Round Goby Neogobius melanostomus.

2017

Alternative reproductive tactics are characterized by the occurrence of discrete alternative morphs that differ in behavioural, morphological and physiological traits within the same sex. Although much effort has been made to describe the behaviour, morphology and physiology of such alternative morphs, less effort has been invested investigating how much overlap there is in the characteristics of such morphs in natural populations. We studied random population samples of the invasive Round Goby Neogobius melanostomus from five different localities in the river Rhine system in the Netherlands. We found two morphologically and physiologically distinct male morphs which likely represent altern…

0106 biological sciencesMaleAnimal sexual behaviourCheeksgenetic structuresPhysiologyMarine and Aquatic Scienceslcsh:MedicineSkin Pigmentation01 natural sciencesBehavioral EcologySexual Behavior AnimalAquaculture and FisheriesSeasonal breederMedicine and Health SciencesBody Sizelcsh:ScienceGeneralLiterature_REFERENCE(e.g.dictionariesencyclopediasglossaries)reproductive and urinary physiologyNetherlandseducation.field_of_studyPrincipal Component AnalysisMultidisciplinaryAnimal BehaviorEcologyAquacultuur en VisserijReproductionGobyFishesPE&RCFreshwater FishGonadosomatic IndexGedragsecologiemedicine.anatomical_structurePhysiological ParametersRound gobyVertebratesRegression AnalysisFemaleAnatomyGenital AnatomyResearch ArticleFreshwater EnvironmentsGonadNeogobiusImaging TechniquesPopulationZoologyBiologyAnimal Sexual BehaviorResearch and Analysis Methods010603 evolutionary biologyRiversOcular SystemmedicineLife ScienceAnimalseducationGonadsAnalysis of VarianceBehavior010604 marine biology & hydrobiologyMorphometryEcology and Environmental Sciencesfungilcsh:RReproductive SystemOrganismsBiology and Life SciencesAquatic EnvironmentsBodies of Waterbiology.organism_classificationPerciformesFaceWIASEarth SciencesEyeslcsh:QIntroduced SpeciesZoologyHeadEnvironmental SciencesPLoS ONE
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Evolutionary conservation advice for despotic populations: habitat heterogeneity favours conflict and reduces productivity in Seychelles magpie robins

2010

Individual preferences for good habitat are often thought to have a beneficial stabilizing effect for populations. However, if individuals preferentially compete for better-quality territories, these may become hotspots of conflict. We show that, in an endangered species, this process decreases the productivity of favoured territories to the extent that differences in productivity between territories disappear. Unlike predictions from current demographic theory on site-dependent population regulation (ideal despotic distribution), we show that population productivity is reduced if resources are distributed unevenly in space. Competition for high-quality habitat can thus have detrimental con…

0106 biological sciencesMaleConservation of Natural Resourcesmedia_common.quotation_subjectPopulationEndangered speciesBiologySeychelles010603 evolutionary biology01 natural sciencesGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyCompetition (biology)AnimalsPasseriformeseducationProductivityResearch ArticlesEcosystemGeneral Environmental Sciencemedia_commoneducation.field_of_studyIdeal free distributionGeneral Immunology and MicrobiologyBehavior AnimalEcology010604 marine biology & hydrobiologyReproductionHabitat conservationGeneral Medicine15. Life on landBiological EvolutionSpatial heterogeneitySocial DominanceBiological dispersalFemaleGeneral Agricultural and Biological SciencesTerritoriality
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A new species of Cypris (Crustacea: Ostracoda) from the Iberian Peninsula and the Balearic Islands, with comments on the first ostracod named using t…

2020

19 páginas, 9 figuras, 3 tablas.

0106 biological sciencesMaleCyprisArthropodaOstracoda010607 zoologyZoologyIdentification keyDistribution010603 evolutionary biology01 natural sciencesCyprididaeGenusOstracodCrustaceaAnimalsAnimaliaCarapaceEcology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsTaxonomybiologySetaBiodiversitybiology.organism_classificationCrustaceanNew speciesEuropeType speciesPodocopidaSpainKey (lock)Integrative taxonomyAnimal Science and ZoologyIdentification key
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World-wide variation in Drosophila melanogaster sex pheromone: behavioural effects, genetic bases and potential evolutionary consequences

1996

0016-6707 (Print) Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; In Drosophila melanogaster, male wing vibration, a key element of courtship behaviour, is most efficiently induced by a female-specific contact pheromone cis, cis 7,11 heptacosadiene (7,11 HD), which is the main mature female cuticular hydrocarbon in the CS laboratory strain. A study of 63 strains from around the world revealed that flies from Sub-Saharan Africa and the Caribbean are unique in showing low levels 7,11 HD and high levels of the position isomer 5,9 HD. This difference maps to chromosome III, perhaps indicating a simple genetic control of the 7,11 HD:5,9 HD ratio. Females from strains with high levels of 7,11 H…

0106 biological sciencesMaleEvolutionSexual BehaviorVariation (Genetics)Plant Science010603 evolutionary biology01 natural sciencesSex Attractants/*analysis/genetics03 medical and health sciencesSexual Behavior AnimalSpecies SpecificityGeneticsMelanogasterAnimal/*physiologyAnimalsGenetic TestingMatingSex Attractants030304 developmental biologyGenetics0303 health sciencesbiologyCourtship displayGenetic ScreeningStrain (biology)ChromosomeGenetic VariationChromosome MappingGeneral Medicinebiology.organism_classificationBiological Evolution3. Good healthDrosophila melanogasterInsect ScienceSex pheromoneDrosophila melanogaster/chemistry/*physiologyPheromoneAnimal Science and ZoologyFemaleDrosophila melanogaster
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A survey of wild plant species for food use in Sicily (Italy) - results of a 3-year study in four Regional Parks

2016

Abstract Background This paper illustrates the results of a study carried out in four Regional Parks of Sicily (Italy), concerning traditional knowledge on food use of wild plant species. The main aims of the paper were: (i) to verify which wild plant species are used for food purpose in the local culture based on information provided by elderly inhabitants (ii) to verify the presence of wild plant species which have not been cited for food use in previous studies in the Mediterranean area (iii) to determine how many of the most frequently cited wild plant species are cultivated by the local population in the four Sicilian Parks. Methods Semi-structured interviews were carried out in the lo…

0106 biological sciencesMaleHealth Knowledge Attitudes PracticeHealth (social science)Time FactorsWild plant speciesBiodiversityEthnobotanySicilian Regional Parks01 natural sciencesSurveys and QuestionnairesSicilyAged 80 and overAgricultural and Biological Sciences(all)biologyEcologyfood and beveragesWild plant species Food use Sicilian Regional Parks Traditional plant knowledge Cultural importance indexMiddle AgedSettore AGR/02 - Agronomia E Coltivazioni ErbaceeGeographyEthnobotanylanguageCultural importance indexFemalePlants EdibleGeneral Agricultural and Biological SciencesSicilianCultural StudiesHealth(social science)CropCichoriumTraditional plant knowledgeHumansTraditional knowledgeAgedRetrospective StudiesPlants Medicinalbusiness.industryResearchbiology.organism_classificationlanguage.human_language0104 chemical sciences010404 medicinal & biomolecular chemistryComplementary and alternative medicineAgricultureMedicine TraditionalPlant PreparationsbusinessFood use010606 plant biology & botanyGlobal biodiversityFollow-Up StudiesPhytotherapy
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Effect of ozone treatment on the microstructure, chemical composition and sensory quality of apple fruits

2018

The author(s) disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: This research commissioned by Agricultural services co-operative society ‘AUGL¸ NAMS’ has been conducted within framework ‘The research of fruit storage technologies’ funded by State program ‘Competence Centre for Food in Latvia’.

0106 biological sciencesMaleMalusOzonesensory evaluationGeneral Chemical Engineeringmedia_common.quotation_subjectmicrostructureSensation01 natural sciencesIndustrial and Manufacturing Engineeringchemistry.chemical_compound0404 agricultural biotechnologyOzoneSpecies Specificity010608 biotechnologyFood PreservationFood Quality:NATURAL SCIENCES:Physics [Research Subject Categories]HumansQuality (business)CultivarChemical compositionmedia_commonbiology04 agricultural and veterinary sciencesConsumer Behaviorbiology.organism_classificationMicrostructure040401 food sciencepostharvest storageHorticulturechemistryFood StoragequalityFruitMalusEnvironmental scienceFemaleApple treatmentFood Science
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