Search results for "Specificity."
showing 10 items of 2232 documents
The Globin Gene Repertoire of Lampreys: Convergent Evolution of Hemoglobin and Myoglobin in Jawed and Jawless Vertebrates
2014
Agnathans (jawless vertebrates) occupy a key phylogenetic position for illuminating the evolution of vertebrate anatomy and physiology. Evaluation of the agnathan globin gene repertoire can thus aid efforts to reconstruct the origin and evolution of the globin genes of vertebrates, a superfamily that includes the well-known model proteins hemoglobin and myoglobin. Here, we report a comprehensive analysis of the genome of the sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus )w hich revealed 23 intact globin genes and two hemoglobin pseudogenes. Analyses of the genome of the Arctic lamprey (Lethenteron camtschaticum) identified 18 full length and five partial globin gene sequences. The majority of the globin …
Bidirectional Glenn and antegrade pulmonary blood flow: temporary or definitive palliation?
2008
Background We sought to investigate the role of the bidirectional Glenn with antegrade pulmonary blood flow in the surgical history of children with univentricular hearts. Methods A series of 246 patients, from three joint institutions, having univentricular heart with restricted but not critical pulmonary blood flow received a bidirectional cavopulmonary shunt with additional forward pulmonary blood flow. All patients have been studied according to their progression, or not, to Fontan operation. Two hundred and eight (84.5%) patients underwent bidirectional cavopulmonary anastomosis as primary palliation. Twenty patients (8.1%) with previous pulmonary artery banding were also enrolled in t…
Blood pressure responsiveness to obstructive events during sleep after chronic CPAP
2003
The aim of this study was to investigate whether chronic continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) affects blood pressure (BP) responsiveness to obstructive events occurring on the first night of CPAP withdrawal in obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) after chronic treatment. Thirteen male subjects with severe OSA underwent nocturnal polysomnography with beatbybeat BP monitoring before treatment and after 4.9±3.4 months of home CPAP (mean daily use 5.1±1.7 h). Variations in oxyhaemoglobin saturation (Δ S a,O2), systolic (Δ P s), and diastolic (Δ P d) BP within nonrapid eye movement apnoeas and hypopnoeas were measured on a sample of pre and posttreatment events. In addition, a pretreatment s…
Soot-exposed mononuclear cells increase inflammatory cytokine mRNA expression and protein secretion in cocultured bronchial epithelial cells.
2000
<i>Background:</i> Soot particles are air pollutants capable of inducing airway and lung parenchymal injury. Mononuclear and bronchial epithelial cells are central to the maintenance of homeostasis and inflammation in the airways. <i>Objectives:</i> The aim of this study was to evaluate the contribution of mononuclear cells to the release of inflammatory mediators by bronchial epithelial cells. <i>Methods:</i> To model the in vivo situation, an in vitro system of cocultured blood monocytes and BEAS-2B cells was established in a transwell system. Blood monocytes were exposed to soot particles (FR 101) at concentrations of up to 100 μg/10<sup>6</su…
Prediction of bleeding events in patients with venous thromboembolism on stable anticoagulation treatment.
2016
Attempts at identifying patients with an elevated risk of bleeding while on anticoagulation following acute venous thromboembolism (VTE) have largely been unsuccessful thus far. We sought to develop a clinical prediction score for bleeding during stable anticoagulation treatment after acute VTE.We performed a post hoc analysis of the pooled RE-COVER studies, two double-blind randomised “sister” trials evaluating dabigatran versus standard treatment in 5107 VTE patients.A score was derived from patients randomised to dabigatran using logistic regression analysis covering the complete follow-up period. The final model, named VTE-BLEED, included six variables and yielded a c-statistic of 0.72 …
Mediastinal lymph node staging with transesophageal echography in cancer of the lung.
1990
Transesophageal echography (TEE) was used prospectively to study mediastinal lymph node enlargement in 23 patients with cancer of the lung. The findings were validated blindly by comparison with computed tomography (CT, n = 23) and pathological N classification after curative surgery (n = 9). Lymph nodes larger than 1 cm were defined as pathologically enlarged. In the upper mediastinum, 22% (8 vs 36), in the lower mediastinum including the subaortic region 112% (37 vs 33) and in the hilar region 67% (6 vs 9) of enlarged lymph nodes diagnosed by CT were detected by TEE. A pathological study in 9 patients demonstrated true positive findings in 2 vs 1, true negatives in 4 vs 5, false positives…
Evaluation of gastric intramucosal pH during and after pediatric cardiac surgery.
1997
Objectives: In adult patients, intramucosal pH (pHi) has been advocated to detect postoperative complications. The purpose of our study was to evaluate this technique in pediatric patients during and after cardiac surgery. Methods: Thirty-five infants (age: 5 days to 15 years, median 1.8 years; and weight: 3.2‐32 kg, median 9.8 kg) were studied. pHi was measured before cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), after 30 min of CPB, prior to weaning off CPB, at intensive care unit arrival, and 6, 12, 24, 48 and 72 h after surgery. Results: There were no complications related to the tonometer. A pathologically low pHiB 7.32 was found during surgery in less than 17%, at intensive care unit arrival in 83% a…
Patterns and diagnostic value of cardiac troponin I vs. troponin T and CKMB after OPCAB surgery.
2001
Cardiac troponin I (cTnI) has been shown to be a specific marker for myocardial injury in cardiac surgery. The object of this prospective study was to determine the patterns and kinetic and diagnostic value of cTnI, cardiac troponin T (cTnT), and creatine kinase MB (CKMB) activity after minimally invasive coronary revascularization using an octopus device on the beating heart (OPCAB).48 patients (33 male/15 female, mean age 68.3 +/- 8.7 years) underwent their first elective OPCAB surgery with median sternotomy without mortality. The mean number of grafts was 2.0 +/- 0.8 per patient. Preoperative mean ejection fraction was 56.6 % +/- 14.9%. CTnI and T levels, total creatine kinase (CK) and C…
Potential of non-invasive breath tests for preselecting individuals for invasive gastric cancer screening endoscopy.
2018
Background. Regular screening for gastric cancer (GC) is based on invasive upper gastrointestinal endoscopy and is limited to few high-incidence countries. As GC is a major cause of cancer death worldwide, a non-invasive, simple screening test is of value. We assessed the prevalence of preclinical GC and the corresponding numbers needed to screen (NNS) to detect GC cases both without and with preselection using breath tests from the literature in various populations. Methods. Using age- and sex-specific GC incidence data and rates of transition from preclinical to clinical GC, we estimated the prevalences of preclinical GC worldwide in populations aged 50–74 years, and we evaluated the accu…
Postoperative non-invasive assessment of pulmonary vascular resistance using Doppler echocardiography.
2011
Non-invasive monitoring of pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) in postoperative cardiac surgery patients might be useful, particularly for management of pulmonary hypertension. For this purpose, we sought to assess Doppler echocardiography in the intensive care setting. In 73 patients, hemodynamics was measured using both, invasive gold standard (pulmonary artery catheter), and non-invasively by Doppler echocardiography. Four Doppler parameters: (1) tricuspid regurgitant velocity/time-velocity-integral of right ventricular outflow tract (TRV/VTI(RVOT)), (2) tricuspid annular systolic velocity (S'), (3) tricuspid annular strain, and (4) tricuspid annular strain rate, were compared with invas…