Search results for "Sperm"
showing 10 items of 658 documents
Obesity and assisted reproductive technology outcomes.
2006
Obesity is a rising health problem in Western societies. It has been related to increased morbidity and mortality rates due to several pathologies. In the field of gynaecology and reproduction, obesity is associated with menstrual disorders, hirsutism, infertility, miscarriage and obstetric complications. It is known to impair human reproduction through different mechanisms such as insulin resistance, hyperandrogenism and elevated leptin levels. Weight management and dietary intervention can reverse this situation and improve reproductive function. Obesity can also impair the outcome of assisted reproductive technologies. The lower probability of a healthy live birth described in obese wome…
The heparin-glutathione test: an alternative to the hypo-osmotic swelling test to select viable sperm for intracytoplasmic sperm injection
1998
Abstract Objective: To evaluate the heparin-glutathione test (HEGLUT) for the selection of viable sperm for intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). Design: A prospective study. Setting: Department of Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Valencia and Instituto Valenciano de Infertilidad. Patient(s): Semen samples from healthy donors and patients with infertility. Intervention(s): Sperm samples were kept in culture for different periods in Ham's F-10 medium supplemented or not supplemented with heparin, reduced glutathione (GSH), or a heparin-GSH mixture. Control and heparin-GSH–treated spermatozoa were injected into hamster oocytes. The HEGLUT and ICSI were performed. Main O…
Carlina acaulis and Trachyspermum ammi essential oils formulated in protein baits are highly toxic and reduce aggressiveness in the medfly, Ceratitis…
2021
Abstract Essential oil (EO)-based botanical insecticides are considered a promising option for Integrated Pest Management (IPM). However, the sublethal effects of EO-based insecticides are understudied. No information is available on the potential effects of EO exposure on insect aggressive traits. In this study, the toxicity of two EOs with documented efficacy on insect vectors and agricultural pests, and which were obtained from the roots of silver thistle (Carlina acaulis L., Asteraceae) and seeds (i.e. schizocarps) of ajwain (Trachyspermum ammi (L.) Sprague, Apiaceae), was evaluated against adults of the Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) (medfly), a cosmopolitan fr…
Mechanisms involved in the transmission of epigenetic deregulation : analyses of transmission in human sperm
2018
The notion that environmental exposure can be memorized and promote epimutation (defined as defects on DNA methylation) raises the question of possible epigenetic transgenerational transmission in humans. To address whether an epimutation could be transmitted in humans, we pursued two axes. First, the evaluation of intergenerational transmission in the family of a Silver-Russell patient has shown, for the first time, the efficiency of epigenetic reprogramming in humans, specifically on imprinted regions. Indeed, no imprinted defect on causal H19/IGF2 locus was detected in the patient’s spermatozoa or in the DNA of his daughter. The second axis was to assess the presence of sperm epimutation…
Energy metabolism and intracellular pH in boar spermatozoa
2003
The effect of energy metabolism on intracellular pH was studied in boar spermatozoa using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and confocal microscopy with the pH-sensitive dye seminaphthorhodafluor (SNARF-1). Freshly ejaculated spermatozoa had a high adenylate energy charge (AEC=0.8), which decreased to 0.6 under aerobic conditions and to 0.2 under anaerobic conditions. Correspondingly, no ATP resonances but high AMP resonance were visible in (31)P-NMR-spectra of the spermatozoa. When an artificial oxygen buffer (Fluosol) and a purpose-built air supply system were used during (31)P-NMR data acquisition, ATP resonances reappeared whereas the AMP resonance disappeared. Boar spermato…
Polyhydroxylated indolizidine alkaloids-synthesis of dideoxycastanospermine
2009
The key transformation developed in this work is the anti-Kishi selective dihydroxylation, which proceeds by way of intramolecular participation of the nitrogen protecting group to furnish the desired stereochemistry required for castanospermine like structures. In this paper, we completed a first syn-thesis of a novel dideoxycastanospermine 6. Peer reviewed
Josamycin Concentration in Human Ejaculate and its Influence on Sperm Motility/Josamycinkonzentrationsbestimmung in menschlichem Ejakulat und deren E…
2009
The concentration of josamycin was determined in the split ejaculate of 5 volunteers after oral administration for several days. One aim of this investigation was to examine the penetration of the macrolide antibiotic into the prostate and the seminal vesicles. 2.23 +/- 1.8 micrograms/ml josamycin was found in fraction I of the ejaculate, consisting mostly of prostatic secretion, and 1.56 +/- 1.37 micrograms/ml josamycin in fraction II comprising mainly secretions from the seminal vesicles. The concentrations of josamycin found in both fractions of the ejaculate are clearly comparable with serum levels of the antibiotic. Josamycin thus attains concentrations in the prostate and seminal vesi…
Microtubule organization and distribution of gamma-tubulin in male meiosis of lepidoptera
1996
Meiotic spindles in males of higher Lepidotera are unusual in that the bulk of the spindle micro-tubules (MTs) ends about halfway between the equatorial plate and the centrosomes in metaphase. It appears worthwhile to determine how the MTs are nucleated, while their pole proximal ends are distant from the centrosomes. To this end, spermatocytes of Phragmatobia fuliginosa (Arctiidae), collected in the field, were double-labeled with antibodies to beta- and gamma-tubulin. The former antibody reveals the entire microtubular cytoskeleton, and the latter is directed against a newly-discovered tublin isoform that is prevalent in microtubule-organizing centers (MTOCs). The immunocytochemical work …
Effect of sperm concentration and storage temperature on goat spermatozoa during liquid storage
2020
The use of cooled semen is relatively common in goats. There are a number of advantages of cooled semen doses, including easier handling of artificial insemination (AI) doses, transport, more AI doses per ejaculate, and higher fertility rates in comparison with frozen AI doses. However, cooled semen has a short shelf life. The objective of this study was to examine the effect of temperature and sperm concentration on the in vitro sperm quality during liquid storage for 48 h, including sperm motility and kinetics, response to oxidation, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and DNA fragmentation in goats. Three experiments were performed. In the first, the effects of liquid preservation of …
Species distribution models as a tool for early detection of the invasive Raphidiopsis raciborskii in European lakes
2022
In freshwater habitats, invasive species and the increase of cyanobacterial blooms have been identified as a major cause of biodiversity loss. The invasive cyanobacteria Raphidiopsis raciborskii a toxin-producing and bloom-forming species affecting local biodiversity and ecosystem services is currently expanding its range across Europe. We used species distribution models (SDMs) and regional bioclimatic environmental variables, such as temperature and precipitation, to identify suitable areas for the colonization and survival of R. raciborskii, with special focus on the geographic extent of potential habitats in Northern Europe. SDMs predictions uncovered areas of high occurrence probabilit…