Search results for "Spins"

showing 10 items of 257 documents

Magnetic Nanoparticles as Many-Spin Systems

2005

We have demonstrated by different analytical and numerical methods the importance of accounting for the magnetization inhomogeneities in magnetic nanoparticles, especially in the presence of surface anisotropy. The latter makes the magnetization inhomogeneous even at T = 0 and in general modifies the relation between the intrinsic and induced magnetizations. It also changes the magnetization switching mechanism, since for strong surface anisotropy the particle’s spins switch cluster-wise. For weak surface anisotropy we have been able to calculate the spin canting in the particle analytically and to obtain a novel second-order contribution to the particle’s overall anisotropy. It remains to …

MagnetizationNuclear magnetic resonanceSpinsCondensed matter physicsChemistryHeisenberg modelMagnetic nanoparticlesSpin engineeringAnisotropySpin-½Spin canting
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Coherent aspects of the local dipolar field in echo dynamics: A spectral narrowing effect.

1996

We have measured the spectral content of the echo radiation emitted by a two-level spin system ([${\mathrm{AlO}}_{4}$${]}^{0}$ centers in quartz), after a two-pulse excitation sequence, ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\theta}}}_{1}$-\ensuremath{\tau}-${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\theta}}}_{2}$. In general, the experimental spectral shapes reproduce qualitatively those calculated for an inhomogeneous system of noninteracting spins. However, we found that in certain ranges of the sequence parameters (${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\theta}}}_{1}$, ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\theta}}}_{2}$, and \ensuremath{\tau}) the widths of the experimental spectra are less than expected by a factor that amounts up to 0.5. The observed na…

Materials scienceCondensed matter physicsSpinsContent (measure theory)Order (ring theory)Local fieldRabi frequencySpectral lineExcitationSpin-½Physical review. B, Condensed matter
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Neutron scattering study of structural and magnetic size effects in NiO

2013

Nickel oxide powders with the grain size of 13–1500 nm have been studied by neutron scattering, scanning electron microscopy and vibrating sample magnetometry. We have found that the atomic structure and the antiferromagnetic ordering are nearly independent of the average size of grains. The existence of the uncompensated spins in nanoparticles with the grain size below 100 nm has been detected.

Materials scienceCondensed matter physicsSpinsScanning electron microscopeNickel oxideNon-blocking I/ONanoparticleNeutron scatteringGrain sizeCondensed Matter::Materials ScienceCrystallographyPhysics::Atomic and Molecular ClustersAntiferromagnetismCondensed Matter::Strongly Correlated ElectronsIOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering
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Simulation of Models for the Glass Transition: Is There Progress?

2002

The glass transition of supercooled fluids is a particular challenge for computer simulation, because the (longest) relaxation times increase by about 15 decades upon approaching the transition temperature T g. Brute-force molecular dynamics simulations, as presented here for molten SiO2 and coarse-grained bead-spring models of polymer chains, can yield very useful insight about the first few decades of this slowing down. Hence this allows to access the temperature range around T c of the so-called mode coupling theory, whereas the dynamics around the experimental glass transition is completely out of reach. While methods such as “parallel tempering” improve the situation somewhat, a method…

Materials scienceCondensed matter physicsSpinsTransition temperatureMode couplingThermodynamic limitRelaxation (physics)Parallel temperingGlass transitionSupercooling
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Stand-Off Magnetometry with Directional Emission from Sodium Vapors

2021

International audience; Stand-off magnetometry allows measuring magnetic field at a distance, and can be employed in geophysical research, hazardous environment monitoring, and security applications. Stand-off magnetometry based on resonant scattering from atoms or molecules is often limited by the scarce amounts of detected light. The situation would be dramatically improved if the light emitted by excited atoms were to propagate towards the excitation light source in a directional manner. Here, we demonstrate that this is possible by means of mirrorless lasing. In a tabletop experiment, we detect free-precession signals of ground-state sodium spins under the influence of an external magne…

Materials scienceField (physics)MagnetometerAtomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)General Physics and AstronomyFOS: Physical sciences01 natural sciences010305 fluids & plasmaslaw.inventionPhysics - Atomic Physics03 medical and health sciencesOpticslaw0103 physical sciencesddc:530030304 developmental biology0303 health sciencesSpins[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-ATOM-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atomic Physics [physics.atom-ph]business.industryScalar (physics)Magnetic field[SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]Excited statebusinessLasing thresholdExcitation
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The phase diagram and the magnetic structure of nuclear spins in elemental copper below 60 nK

1992

Abstract The phase diagram for nuclear magnetic order is elemental copper and the corresponding ordering vectors were investigated by neutron diffraction at nanokelvin temperatures. The intermediate phase is characterized by an ordering vector (O 2 3 2/3 . This is the first time that this type of order is observed in an fcc antiferromagnet.

Materials scienceMagnetic structureSpinsCondensed matter physicsMagnetic orderNeutron diffractionchemistry.chemical_elementCondensed Matter PhysicsCopperElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialschemistryPhase (matter)AntiferromagnetismElectrical and Electronic EngineeringPhase diagramPhysica B: Condensed Matter
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Theoretical approach for determining the relation between the morphology and surface magnetism of Co3O4

2017

Abstract Precisely controlling the different aspects of the morphology and magnetic properties of metal oxides are fundamental to materials design. A theoretical approach, based on the Wulff construction and magnetization density (M) index, is presented to clarify the relation between the morphology and surface magnetism. The M index allows us to evaluate the uncompensated spins at the (1 0 0), (1 1 0), (1 1 1) and (1 1 2) surfaces of Co3O4 with a spinel structure. The investigated morphologies show an excellent agreement with the experimental results, with the main contribution coming from the (1 0 0) and (1 1 1) magnetic planes. The present results are also helpful in clarifying the intri…

Materials scienceMorphology (linguistics)MagnetismNanoparticle02 engineering and technologyengineering.material010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesMagnetizationCo3O4morphologyWulff constructionSpinsCondensed matter physicsSpinel021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter PhysicsSurface energy0104 chemical sciencesElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materialssurface energyspin densitymagnetismengineeringWulff construction0210 nano-technology
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Doping dependence of spin dynamics of drifting electrons in GaAs bulks

2010

We study the effect of the impurity density on lifetimes and relaxation lengths of electron spins in the presence of a static electric field in a n-type GaAs bulk. The transport of electrons and the spin dynamics are simulated by using a semiclassical Monte Carlo approach, which takes into account the intravalley scattering mechanisms of warm electrons in the semiconductor material. Spin relaxation is considered through the D'yakonov-Perel mechanism, which is the dominant mechanism in III-V semiconductors. The evolution of spin polarization is analyzed by computing the lifetimes and depolarization lengths as a function of the doping density in the range 10^{13} - 10^{16} cm^{-3}, for differ…

Materials scienceSpin polarized transport in semiconductorCondensed matter physicsSpinsSpin polarizationScatteringbusiness.industryDopingGeneral Physics and AstronomyFOS: Physical sciencesElectronSpin relaxation and scatteringSettore FIS/03 - Fisica Della MateriaCondensed Matter - Other Condensed MatterSemiconductorElectric fieldCondensed Matter::Strongly Correlated ElectronsSpin-orbit couplingSpin (physics)businessOther Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
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Hyperpolarization of cis ‐ 15 N 2 ‐Azobenzene by Parahydrogen at Ultralow Magnetic Fields**

2021

The development of nuclear spins hyperpolarization, and the search for molecules that can be efficiently hyperpolarized is an active area in nuclear magnetic resonance. In this work we present a detailed study of SABRE SHEATH (signal amplification by reversible exchange in shield enabled alignment transfer to heteronuclei) experiments on 15 N2 -azobenzene. In SABRE SHEATH experiments the nuclear spins of the target are hyperpolarized through transfer of spin polarization from parahydrogen at ultralow fields during a reversible chemical process. Azobenzene exists in two isomers, trans and cis. We show that all nuclear spins in cis-azobenzene can be efficiently hyperpolarized by SABRE at suit…

Materials scienceSpin statesSpinsSpin polarization02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologySpin isomers of hydrogen01 natural sciences7. Clean energyAtomic and Molecular Physics and Optics0104 chemical sciences3. Good healthchemistry.chemical_compoundMagnetizationAzobenzenechemistryHyperpolarization (physics)Singlet statePhysical and Theoretical ChemistryAtomic physics0210 nano-technologyChemPhysChem
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Theoretical and experimental developments in quantum spin liquid in geometrically frustrated magnets: a review

2019

The exotic substances have exotic properties. One class of such substances is geometrically frustrated magnets, where correlated spins reside in the sites of triangular or kagome lattice. In some cases, such magnet would not have long-range magnetic order. Rather, its spins tend to form kind of pairs, called valence bonds. At $$T \rightarrow 0$$ these highly entangled quantum objects condense in the form of a liquid, called quantum spin liquid (QSL). The observation of a gapless QSL in actual materials is of fundamental significance both theoretically and technologically, as it could open a path to creation of topologically protected states for quantum information processing and computation…

Materials scienceSpinsCondensed matter physics020502 materialsMechanical EngineeringMathematics::Analysis of PDEs02 engineering and technologyFermionengineering.materialSpinon0205 materials engineeringMechanics of MaterialsLattice (order)engineeringQuasiparticleCondensed Matter::Strongly Correlated ElectronsGeneral Materials ScienceHerbertsmithiteValence bond theoryQuantum spin liquidJournal of Materials Science
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