Search results for "Sport science"

Habit and physical activity: Theoretical advances, practical implications, and agenda for future research

2019

Abstract Objective Understanding habits may inform intervention development aimed at promoting physical activity maintenance for long-term health. In the present article, I review theory and research on habits applied to physical activity. I provide an overview of contemporary conceptualizations of habit and habit theory; address whether or not physical activity can be habitual; review perspectives on how physical activity habits develop; summarize research on effects of physical activity habits; identify intervention strategies effective in promoting physical activity habits; and propose an agenda for future research on physical activity habits. Design and Methods Conceptual and narrative …

An Examination of the Relationship Between Coaches’ Transformational Leadership and Athletes’ Personal and Group Characteristics in Elite Youth Soccer

2021

There is a growing body of the literature highlighting the positive impact of transformational leadership behaviours across contexts, including sport. However, there is a lack of knowledge of this relationship within elite sport settings. Thus, the purpose of the present study was to examine the relationship between elite youth athletes’ perceptions of coaches’ transformational coaching-behaviours and variables that have been linked to transformational leadership in other settings (i.e., group cohesion, motivational climate, self-regulation of learning and athlete satisfaction). Norwegian elite youth soccer players (n= 753) selected into the national talent development program completed que…

Preventing occupational injury among police officers: does motivation matter?

2017

Background: Injury prevention is an important issue for police officers, but the effectiveness of prevention initiatives is dependent on officers’ motivation toward, and adherence to, recommended health and safety guidelines. Aims: To understand effects of police officers’ motivation to prevent occupational injury on beliefs about safety and adherence to injury prevention behaviours. Methods: Full-time police officers completed a survey comprising validated psychometric scales to assess autonomous, controlled and amotivated forms of motivation (Treatment Self-Regulation Questionnaire), behavioural adherence (Self-reported Treatment Adherence Scale) and beliefs (Safety Attitude Questionnaire…

Developments in the biomechanics and equipment of Olympic cross-country skiers

2018

Source at: http://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2018.00976 Here, our aim was to describe the major changes in cross-country (XC) skiing in recent decades, as well as potential future developments. XC skiing has been an Olympic event since the very first Winter Games in Chamonix, France, in 1924. Over the past decades, considerable developments in skiing techniques and improvements in equipment and track preparation have increased skiing speed. In contrast to the numerous investigations on the physiological determinants of successful performance, key biomechanical factors have been less explored. Today’s XC skier must master a wide range of speeds, terrains, and race distances and formats (e.g., dis…

Sports teams as complex adaptive systems: manipulating player numbers shapes behaviours during football small-sided games

2016

Small-sided and conditioned games (SSCGs) in sport have been modelled as complex adaptive systems. Research has shown that the relative space per player (RSP) formulated in SSCGs can impact on emergent tactical behaviours. In this study we adopted a systems orientation to analyse how different RSP values, obtained through manipulations of player numbers, influenced four measures of interpersonal coordination observed during performance in SSCGs. For this purpose we calculated positional data (GPS 15 Hz) from ten U-15 football players performing in three SSCGs varying in player numbers (3v3, 4v4 and 5v5). Key measures of SSCG system behaviours included values of (1) players’ dispersion, (2) …

Commentary: Long-term Practice with Domain-Specific Task Constraints Influences Perceptual Skills.

2018

Gaming for health across various areas of life

2019

Lack of physical activity is mostly addressed by implementing programs to promote physical activity but seeing as the major cause for physical inactivity is that of technology. Few studies used the approach to use the very barrier as s mean to try and educate and breed good habits. This paper outlines the design and development of a project that will us various environments, home, gym and outdoors to promote physical activity by means of technology and more specifically games. peerReviewed

Cross validation of hard-copy and web-based formats of the Sport Imagery Ability Measure

2018

The purpose of this multi-sample study was to examine the psychometric characteristics, factor structure, and measurement invariance of the hard-copy and web-based versions of a measure of sport imagery ability, termed Sport Imagery Ability Measure (SIAM). In the first sample, Spanish athletes (N = 274, 161 men, 113 women, Mage = 21.91, SD = 6.67) completed a hard-copy version of the SIAM. A newly developed web-based version of the SIAM was cross validated in an independent group (N = 266, 147 men, 119 women, Mage = 25.93, SD = 9.84). A small group of participants (n = 16) completed both versions. Exploratory structural equation modelling and confirmatory factor analysis of the data from th…

Social psychological aspects of ACL injury prevention and rehabilitation: An integrated model for behavioral adherence

2017

Managing rehabilitation for ACL injury is dependent on uptake of, and compliance with, medical and safety recommendations. In this paper, we propose a multi-theory model that integrates self-determination theory and the theory of planned behavior to identify the motivational determinants ACL injury prevention and management behaviors and the processes involved. nonPeerReviewed

Technical, tactical and spatial indicators related to goal scoring in European elite soccer

2020

The aim of this study was to describe the technical, tactical and spatial indicators related to goal scoring in elite European soccer, considering the type of defence and the positioning of the opponent. For the analysis, 8 tactical dimensions related to the final actions in 380 sequences that led to goal during the UEFA Champions League were evaluated by observational methodology. 75.9% of the goals were scored from open play and 24.1% were scored from set pieces. Collective actions produced 51.6% of the total goals while individual actions produced 10.5% of goals. Regarding the penultimate action, crosses were more frequent against organized defences, while passes in behind the defence, o…