Search results for "Stack"

showing 10 items of 392 documents

Structure and electronic properties of ultrathin Co films on W(110)

2004

Abstract The structure and electronic properties of ultrathin Co films on W(1 1 0) grown by molecular beam epitaxy in UHV were investigated by low energy electron diffraction (LEED) and scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy (STM and STS). For coverages above 0.7 ML the pseudomorphic (ps) monolayer is transformed gradually into close-packed (cp-) monolayer areas, showing up as separated islands that increase in size with coverage until the cp-monolayer is complete. Two different structures of the cp-monolayer were observed by atomically resolved STM, both leading to a 8 × 1 superstructure in the LEED pattern. Higher coverages continue to grow in the Stransky–Krastanov growth mode fo…

Low-energy electron diffractionChemistryStackingSurfaces and InterfacesCondensed Matter PhysicsSurfaces Coatings and Filmslaw.inventionCrystallographyTransition metallawMonolayerMaterials ChemistryScanning tunneling microscopeSpectroscopySuperstructure (condensed matter)Molecular beam epitaxySurface Science
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Self-assembling and auto-crosslinkable hyaluronic acid hydrogels with a fibrillar structure

2008

Abstract A hyaluronic acid derivative bearing pendant l -benzoyl-cysteine portions (with a derivatization degree equal to 10 mol.%) was synthesized by linking N,N′-dibenzoyl- l -cystine to the polysaccharide and then reducing its disulfide bridge to thiol groups. The formation of π–π stacking interactions between the benzoyl moieties was studied by fluorescence spectroscopy as a function of polymer concentration and oxidation time. The efficiency of oxidation of thiol groups to disulfide bridges occurring in phosphate buffer pH 7.4, was determined by colorimetric assays. The hydrogel formed by means of oxidative crosslinking has shown the presence of fibrillar aggregates as detected by ligh…

Magnetic Resonance SpectroscopyTime FactorsMaterials scienceCell SurvivalPolymersBiomedical EngineeringCystineStackingBiochemistryFluorescence spectroscopyPhosphatesBiomaterialschemistry.chemical_compoundMaterials TestingSpectroscopy Fourier Transform InfraredPolymer chemistryHyaluronic acidHumansDisulfidesHyaluronic AcidDerivatizationMolecular BiologyCell Proliferationchemistry.chemical_classificationHydrogelsGeneral MedicinePolymerFibroblastsHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationOxygenCross-Linking ReagentschemistrySettore CHIM/09 - Farmaceutico Tecnologico ApplicativoSelf-healing hydrogelsMicroscopy Electron ScanningThiolCystineself assembling tissue engineering hyaluronic acid cell entrapmentBiotechnology
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Endogenous timing with infinitely many firms

2008

Abstract A model with constant marginal costs is considered where firms choose first a period for production and then the amount to produce when competing in the market according to the resulting timing decisions. Multiple equilibria arise allowing for infinitely many industry output configurations encompassing one limit-output dominant firm and the Cournot equilibrium with free entry as extreme cases. At each of these equilibria a firm produces a positive amount only if this firm commits to produce at period one. Both Stackelberg and Cournot-like outcomes are sustainable as equilibria however. When the number of leaders is given, production at subsequent periods is always prevented, and in…

Marginal costEconomics and EconometricsStrategy and ManagementEconomics Econometrics and Finance (miscellaneous)entry preemptionCournot competitionMicroeconomicsIndustrial relationsmedicineEconomicsStackelberg competitionProduction (economics)Free entrymedicine.symptomConstant (mathematics)endogenous timing
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Les followers ont-ils vraiment de l'importance dans le modèle de Stackelberg?

2011

In this paper, we consider a T-stage linear model of Stackelberg oligopoly. First, we show geometrically and analytically that under the two conditions of linear market demand and identical constant marginal costs, the T-stage Stackelberg model reduces to a model where T oligopolies exploit residual demand sequentially. At any stage, leaders behave as if followers did not matter. Second, we study social welfare and convergence toward competitive equilibrium. Especially, we consider the velocity of convergence as the number of firms increases. The convergence is faster when reallocating firms from the most to the less populated cohort until equalizing the size of all cohorts.

Marginal costEconomics and Econometricsfollower's output indexíndice de producto del seguidorJEL: L - Industrial Organization/L.L1 - Market Structure Firm Strategy and Market Performance/L.L1.L13 - Oligopoly and Other Imperfect Marketsmodèle généralisé de Stackelberggeneralized Stackelberg competitioncompetencia de Stackelberg generalizadaCompetitive equilibriumrazón de descuento del markup del líderSupply and demandlcsh:Economic history and conditionsOligopolyjel:L20JEL : L - Industrial Organization/L.L1 - Market Structure Firm Strategy and Market Performance/L.L1.L13 - Oligopoly and Other Imperfect Marketseconomía linealgeneralized Stackelberg competition.Stackelberg competitionEconomicsLeader’s markup discount factor linear economy follower’s output discount factor myopic behavior[ SHS.ECO ] Humanities and Social Sciences/Economies and financesfacteurs d'escompte markupJEL : L - Industrial Organization/L.L2 - Firm Objectives Organization and Behavior/L.L2.L20 - General[SHS.ECO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and FinanceHB71-74lcsh:HB71-74Economic history and conditionsLinear modellcsh:Economics as a scienceConvergence (economics)HC10-1085leader's markup discount ratio[SHS.ECO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and FinanceGeneral Business Management and AccountingJEL: L - Industrial Organization/L.L2 - Firm Objectives Organization and Behavior/L.L2.L20 - GeneralEconomics as a sciencelinear economyjel:L13leader's markup discount ratio linear economy follower's output index generalized Stackelberg competitionlcsh:HC10-1085économie linéaireStatistics Probability and UncertaintyConstant (mathematics)Mathematical economicsFinanceSocial Sciences (miscellaneous)
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Stackelberg equilibrium with multiple firms and setup costs

2017

Abstract I provide conditions that guarantee that a Stackelberg game with a setup cost and an integer number of identical leaders and followers has an equilibrium in pure strategies. The main feature of the game is that when the marginal follower leaves the market the price jumps up, so that a leader’s payoff is neither continuous nor quasiconcave. To show existence I check that a leader’s value function satisfies the following single crossing condition: When the other leaders produce more the leader never accommodates entry of more followers. If demand is strictly logconcave, and if marginal costs are both non decreasing and not flatter than average costs, then a Stackelberg equilibrium ex…

Marginal costStackelberg equilibriumEconomics and EconometricsSetup costApplied Mathematics05 social sciencesStochastic gameExistence of the equilibriumSupermodular gamesCournot competitionSettore SECS-P/06 - Economia ApplicataMicroeconomicsQuasiconvex functionNon quasiconcave payoffEntry deterrenceBellman equation0502 economics and businessEconomicsStackelberg competitionMarket powerLimit (mathematics)050207 economicsSettore SECS-P/01 - Economia PoliticaMathematical economics050205 econometrics Journal of Mathematical Economics
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Magnetostructural relationships in polymorphic ethylmalonate-containing copper(ii) coordination polymers

2018

Three ethylmalonate-containing copper(II) chiral complexes of the formula {[Cu(H2O)4][Cu(Etmal)2(H2O)]}n (1), [Cu(Etmal)(H2O)]n (2) and {[Cu(Etmal)(H2O)]·H2O}n (3) (H2Etmal = ethylmalonic acid) were obtained by reacting copper(II) nitrate trihydrate, ethylmalonic acid and sodium carbonate in water. Compound 1 is a chiral zigzag chain with regular alternation of [Cu(Etmal)2(H2O)]2− and [Cu(H2O)4]2+ units, the former acting as bis-monodentate ligands toward the latter ones through the two carboxylate groups. The chirality of 1 is a result of the [Cu(Etmal)2(H2O)]2− fragment whose five-coordinate copper(II) surrounding exhibits the Δ or Λ conformation within the Δ or Λ-crystals. The structure …

Materials science010405 organic chemistryStackingchemistry.chemical_elementGeneral Chemistry010402 general chemistryCondensed Matter Physics01 natural sciencesCopper0104 chemical scienceslaw.inventionchemistry.chemical_compoundCrystallographyZigzagchemistryFerromagnetismlawMoleculeGeneral Materials ScienceCarboxylateCrystallizationChirality (chemistry)CrystEngComm
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Structural and electronic properties ofβ-FeSi2nanoparticles: The role of stacking fault domains

2014

We use conventional and aberration-corrected transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and ab initio calculations to investigate the structural and electronic properties of \ensuremath{\beta}-FeSi${}_{2}$ nanoparticles, which are a promising material for photovoltaic applications due to a band gap of 1 eV and a high absorption coefficient. The nanoparticles have average sizes of \ensuremath{\sim}20 nm, form aggregates, and are prepared by gas-phase synthesis. Amorphous SiO${}_{x}$ shells with thicknesses of \ensuremath{\sim}1.7 nm around \ensuremath{\beta}-FeSi${}_{2}$ cores are identified on individual nanoparticles using electron energy-loss spectroscopy, while stacking fault domains in the …

Materials scienceBand gapNanotechnologyElectronPhysik (inkl. Astronomie)Condensed Matter PhysicsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsAmorphous solidCrystallographyElectron diffractionAb initio quantum chemistry methodsddc:530SpectroscopyElectronic band structureStacking faultPhysical Review B
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Out-of-plane transport of 1T-TaS2/graphene-based van der Waals heterostructures

2021

Due to their anisotropy, layered materials are excellent candidates for studying the interplay between the in-plane and out-of-plane entanglement in strongly correlated systems. A relevant example is provided by 1T-TaS2, which exhibits a multifaceted electronic and magnetic scenario due to the existence of several charge density wave (CDW) configurations. It includes quantum hidden phases, superconductivity and exotic quantum spin liquid (QSL) states, which are highly dependent on the out-of-plane stacking of the CDW. In this system, the interlayer stacking of the CDW is crucial for the interpretation of the underlying electronic and magnetic phase diagram. Here, thin-layers of 1T-TaS2 are …

Materials scienceBand gapquantum materialsStackingVan der Waals heterostructuresGeneral Physics and AstronomyFOS: Physical sciencescharge-density waves02 engineering and technologyQuantum entanglementDFT calculations01 natural scienceslaw.inventionsymbols.namesakelaw0103 physical sciences11. Sustainability1T-TAS2General Materials Science010306 general physicsMaterialsSuperconductivityCondensed Matter - Materials ScienceCondensed matter physicsGrapheneFermi levelphase-transitionsGeneral EngineeringMaterials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)Conductivitat elèctrica021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology2D materialsstatemodelelectrical propertiestransition-metal dichalcogenidessymbolsQuantum spin liquid0210 nano-technologyCharge density wave
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Self-organization of porphyrin units induced by magnetic field during sol-gel polymerization

2007

The use of a magnetic field as a controlling factor during the hydrolysis-polycondensation of porphyrin precursors substituted by Si(OR)(3) groups, induces a self-organization of porphyrin moieties due to the stacking of these units in the hybrid material and this study also confirms the effect of the magnetic field in the nano- and micrometric organization during the kinetically controlled polycondensation process.

Materials scienceCondensation polymerpolymerStackingmagnetic field02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistryPhotochemistry01 natural sciencesCatalysischemistry.chemical_compound[ CHIM.ORGA ] Chemical Sciences/Organic chemistryNano-Materials ChemistrySol-gel[CHIM.ORGA]Chemical Sciences/Organic chemistryMetals and AlloysGeneral Chemistry[CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistryequipment and supplies021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyPorphyrinself-organization0104 chemical sciencesSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsMagnetic fieldchemistryPolymerization[ CHIM.MATE ] Chemical Sciences/Material chemistryCeramics and Compositesporphyrin network0210 nano-technologyHybrid materialhuman activities
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Reconstructed bcc Co films on the surface

2007

Abstract Ultrathin epitaxial Co films on Cr ( 1 1 0 ) are examined by scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy (STM and STS). At room temperature Co grows as pseudomorphic bcc layers for the first two monolayers and forms close-packed Co layers with stacking faults for thicker coverages. A periodic lattice distortion appears in two equivalent (3 × 1) reconstruction domains in combination with a regular lattice of dislocation lines oriented along the in-plane close-packed row directions bcc [ 1 1 ¯ 1 ] and bcc [ 1 ¯ 1 1 ] . The reconstruction and the occurrence of dislocation lines are caused by the epitaxial strain. The local density-of-states function is mapped by scanning tunneling …

Materials scienceCondensed matter physicsScanning tunneling spectroscopyStackingchemistry.chemical_elementSurfaces and InterfacesTungstenCondensed Matter PhysicsEpitaxySurfaces Coatings and Filmslaw.inventionCrystallographychemistrylawMonolayerMaterials ChemistryScanning tunneling microscopeDislocationSpectroscopySurface Science
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