Search results for "Static"

showing 10 items of 1528 documents

Branched-Chain and Aromatic Amino Acids Are Associated With Insulin Resistance During Pubertal Development in Girls.

2018

Cross-sectional studies in children show branched-chain and aromatic amino acids are associated with insulin resistance, but whether these associations persist from childhood to adulthood is not known. This study aimed to assess whether circulating amino acids associate with insulin resistance during pubertal development.This was a 7.5-year longitudinal study from childhood to early adulthood. A total of 396 nondiabetic Finnish girls aged 11.2 ± .8 years at baseline participated in the study which was conducted at the Health Science Laboratory, University of Jyväskylä. Serum concentrations of glucose and insulin were determined by enzymatic photometric methods and amino acids by nuclear mag…

Blood Glucosemedicine.medical_specialtyLongitudinal studyAdolescentmedicine.medical_treatmentBody Mass Index03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundAmino Acids Aromatic0302 clinical medicineInsulin resistance030225 pediatricsInternal medicineHyperinsulinemiaAromatic amino acidsMedicineHumansInsulin030212 general & internal medicineLongitudinal StudiesChildchemistry.chemical_classificationMenarchebusiness.industryInsulinPublic Health Environmental and Occupational Healthmedicine.diseaseAmino acidPsychiatry and Mental healthEndocrinologychemistryPediatrics Perinatology and Child HealthMenarcheHomeostatic model assessmentFemaleInsulin ResistancebusinessAmino Acids Branched-ChainThe Journal of adolescent health : official publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine
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The platelets’ perspective to pathogen reduction technologies

2017

A wide variety of clinical conditions, associated with low circulating platelet counts, require platelet transfusion in order to normalize hemostatic function. Although single-donor apheresis platelets bear the lowest risk of transfusion-transmitted infections, pathogen reduction technologies (PRT) are being implemented worldwide to reduce this risk further through inactivation of known, emergent and as yet to be discovered nucleic acid-based pathogens. Human blood platelets are now known to harbor a diverse transcriptome, important to their function and comprised of >5000 protein-coding messenger RNAs and different classes of non-coding RNAs, including microRNAs. Our appreciation of the nu…

Blood Platelets0301 basic medicineInfection Controlmedicine.medical_specialtyHematologyPlatelet Function Testsfood and beveragesHematologyGeneral Medicine030204 cardiovascular system & hematologyBiologyProinflammatory cytokineTranscriptome03 medical and health sciences030104 developmental biology0302 clinical medicinePlatelet transfusionInternal medicineImmunologymicroRNAmedicineHumansPlateletPlatelet activationHemostatic functionPlatelets
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Haemostasis in chronic kidney disease

2013

The coagulation system has gained much interest again as new anticoagulatory substances have been introduced into clinical practice. Especially patients with renal failure are likely candidates for such a therapy as they often experience significant comorbidity including cardiovascular diseases that require anticoagulation. Patients with renal failure on new anticoagulants have experienced excessive bleeding which can be related to a changed pharmacokinetic profile of the compounds. However, the coagulation system itself, even without any interference with coagulation modifying drugs, is already profoundly changed during renal failure. Coagulation disorders with either episodes of severe bl…

Blood PlateletsExcessive Bleedingmedicine.medical_specialtymedicine.medical_treatmentHemorrhageThrombophiliaInternal medicinemedicineHumansRenal InsufficiencyRenal Insufficiency ChronicHemostatic functionBlood CoagulationCoagulation DisorderHemostasisTransplantationbusiness.industryAnticoagulantsThrombosisBlood Coagulation Disordersmedicine.diseaseThrombosisSurgeryOxidative StressCoagulationNephrologyAntibodies AntiphospholipidCardiologyEndothelium VascularHemodialysisbusinessKidney diseaseNephrology Dialysis Transplantation
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Iterative momentum relaxation for fast lattice-boltzmann simulations

1999

Lattice-Boltzmann simulations are often used for studying steady-state hydrodynamics. In these simulations, however, the complete time evolution starting from some initial condition is redundantly computed due to the transient nature of the scheme. In this article we present a refinement of body-force driven lattice-Boltzmann simulations that may reduce the simulation time significantly. This new technique is based on an iterative adjustment of the local body-force and is validated on a realistic test case, namely fluid flow in a static mixer reactor.

Body forceComputer sciencebusiness.industryTime evolutionLattice Boltzmann methodsRelaxation (iterative method)MechanicsComputational fluid dynamicsStatic mixerlaw.inventionMomentumlawFluid dynamicsInitial value problembusinessAlgorithm
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The mechanically-based approach to 3D non-local linear elasticity theory: Long-range central interactions

2010

Abstract This paper presents the generalization to a three-dimensional (3D) case of a mechanically-based approach to non-local elasticity theory, recently proposed by the authors in a one-dimensional (1D) case. The proposed model assumes that the equilibrium of a volume element is attained by contact forces between adjacent elements and by long-range forces exerted by non-adjacent elements. Specifically, the long-range forces are modelled as central body forces depending on the relative displacement between the centroids of the volume elements, measured along the line connecting the centroids. Further, the long-range forces are assumed to be proportional to a proper, material-dependent, dis…

Body forceNon-local elasticityWAVESPROPAGATIONContact forceLattice modelsCentral forcesCentral forceVARIATIONAL-PRINCIPLESMaterials Science(all)Modelling and SimulationVariational formulationsGeneral Materials ScienceVirtual workPLASTICITYSTRAIN-GRADIENT ELASTICITYMathematicsPlane stressDISCRETECONTINUAMechanical EngineeringApplied MathematicsLinear elasticityElastic energySTRAIN-GRADIENT ELASTICITY; VARIATIONAL-PRINCIPLES; CRACK SUBJECT; PROPAGATION; PLASTICITY; DISCRETE; CONTINUA; DEFECTS; LATTICE; WAVESMechanicsDEFECTSCondensed Matter PhysicsLATTICELong-range interactionsClassical mechanicsContact mechanicsStatic–kinematic dualityMechanics of MaterialsModeling and SimulationSettore ICAR/08 - Scienza Delle CostruzioniCRACK SUBJECTInternational Journal of Solids and Structures
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Casimir-Polder force density between an atom and a conducting wall

2007

In this paper we calculate the Casimir-Polder force density (force per unit area acting on the elements of the surface) on a metallic plate placed in front of a neutral atom. To obtain the force density we use the quantum operator associated to the electromagnetic stress tensor. We explicitly show that the integral of this force density over the plate reproduces the total force acting on the plate. This result shows that, although the force is obtained as a sum of surface element-atom contributions, the stress-tensor method includes also nonadditive components of Casimir-Polder forces in the evaluation of the force acting on a macroscopic object.

Body forcePhysicsQuantum PhysicsNormal forceForce densityVan der Waals interactionElectrostatic force microscopeSurface forceFOS: Physical sciencesAtom-surface interactionAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsClassical mechanicsCentral forceQuantum electrodynamicsFluctuationsQuantum Physics (quant-ph)Conservative forceResultant force
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Effect of pressure on structural properties and energy band gaps of γ-InSe

2003

We have investigated theoretically the effect of hydrostatic pressure on interatomic bond lengths and energy band gaps of γ-InSe. Total energy calculations were performed using the linear augmented plane wave (LAPW) method, taking into account scalar relativistic corrections as well as spin-orbit coupling. Internal structural parameters were optimized for different pressures by adopting as input the unit cell parameters known from experiment. Our theoretical results for the nearest-neighbor In-Se bond length are in excellent agreement with a recent experimental determination from high-pressure EXAFS measurements. The covalent In-In bond is found to be more compressible than the partially io…

Bond lengthCondensed matter physicsChemical bondBand gapChemistryHydrostatic pressurePlane waveIonic bondingCondensed Matter PhysicsElectronic band structurePressure coefficientElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materialsphysica status solidi (b)
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Bis(dimethylammonium) pentachloroantimonate(III), on the deformation of the octahedral coordination of Sb III

1998

The structure of the title compound, [NH2(CH3)2]2SbCl5, was determined at 295 and 85 K. It consists of polymeric (SbCl52−)n chains composed of deformed SbCl63− octahedra connected by corners and dimethylammonium cations. The temperature dependence of the Sb–Cl bond lengths is discussed. It is argued that the deformation of the octahedral coordination of the SbIII atom is caused by electrostatic interaction/hydrogen bonds.

Bond lengthCrystallographyOctahedronHydrogen bondChemistryInorganic chemistryAtomMoleculeGeneral MedicineCrystal structureDeformation (meteorology)General Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyElectrostatic interactionActa Crystallographica Section C-Crystal Structure Communications
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Static magnetic field influence on rat brain function detected by heart rate monitoring.

2004

The aim of the present study was to identify the effects of a static magnetic field (SMF) on rat brain structures that control autonomic functions, specifically heart rate and heart rhythmicity. The experiments were carried out on 44 male Wistar rats under ketamine-xylazine anesthesia. SMF was induced using samarium-cobalt fused magnets (20 x 20 x 10 mm in size) placed bitemporally. Magnetic induction intensity was 100 mT on the surface of the head. Duration of magnetic field application was 15 min. An electrocardiogram was recorded from limb lead II, and both heart rate (average duration of cardiac cycles) and heart rhythmicity were analyzed before and after SMF application. SMF evoked cha…

BradycardiaMalemedicine.medical_specialtyPhysiologyBiophysicsElectrocardiographyMagneticsRhythmHeart RateInternal medicineHeart rateMedicineAnimalsRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingVagal toneRats Wistarbusiness.industryBrainGeneral MedicineMagnetostaticsRat brainIntensity (physics)RatsAutonomic nervous systemAnesthesiaCardiologymedicine.symptombusinessBioelectromagnetics
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Effects of thrombin and of the phospholipase C inhibitor, D609, on the vascularity of the chick chorioallantoic membrane.

2000

Abstract Microvascular corrosion casting was used to assess the effects of thrombin and D609, a phospholipase C inhibitor, on the vascularity of the chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM). Discs containing vehicle, thrombin or D609 were placed on the CAM of fertilized white Leghorn eggs on Day 9 of gestation and vascularity was assessed on Day 11. Thrombin caused significant increases in the numbers (43%), diameters (5%) and lengths (17%), of both pre- and postcapillaries (first-order vessels by centripetal ordering). Conversely, D609 caused a decrease in the numbers (27%), lengths (12%) and diameters (8%) of first-order vessels. D609 decreased the total vascular volume of first- to th…

Bridged-Ring Compoundsmedicine.medical_specialtyanimal structuresAngiogenesisPhosphodiesterase InhibitorsNeovascularization PhysiologicChick EmbryoBiologyHemostaticsMicrocirculationThrombinVascularityAllantoisThiocarbamatesInternal medicinemedicineAnimalsOvumPharmacologyBlood VolumePhospholipase CThrombinThionesChorionNorbornanesChorioallantoic membraneEndocrinologymedicine.anatomical_structureType C PhospholipasesCirculatory systemMicroscopy Electron Scanningmedicine.symptommedicine.drugBlood vesselGeneral pharmacology
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