Search results for "Stimulation"

The oscillatory profile induced by the anxiogenic drug fg-7142 in the amygdala-hippocampal network is reversed by infralimbic deep brain stimulation:…

2021

Anxiety and depression exhibit high comorbidity and share the alteration of the amygdala-hippocampal-prefrontal network, playing different roles in the ventral and dorsal hippocampi. Deep brain stimulation of the infralimbic cortex in rodents or the human equivalent-the subgenual cingulate cortex-constitutes a fast antidepressant treatment. The aim of this work was: (1) to describe the oscillatory profile in a rodent model of anxiety, and (2) to deepen the therapeutic basis of infralimbic deep brain stimulation in mood disorders. First, the anxiogenic drug FG-7142 was administered to anaesthetized rats to characterize neural oscillations within the amygdala and the dorsoventral axis of the …

Hypogonadism in β-thalassemic adolescents: A characteristic pituitary-gonadal impairment. The ineffectiveness of long-term iron chelation therapy

1990

The pituitary-gonadal function was studied in 18 beta-thalassemic female adolescents, 8 with delayed puberty and 10 with primary amenorrhea,treated with repeated transfusions and long-term iron chelation therapy by subcutaneous infusion. A 100 micrograms gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) test, a double-bolus GnRH test after estradiol administration in non-responders, a 400 micrograms thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) test and a 'high dose' human menopausal gonadotropin (hMG) test were performed. LH and FSH peak levels were significantly lower in thalassemic patients than in controls, both in the 100 micrograms GnRH test (LH was 4.3 +/- 0.7 mIU/ml vs 40.8 +/- 6.0 mIU/ml and FSH 3.3 +/-…

Pulse Oximetry as a Diagnostic Tool to Determine Pulp Vitality: A Systematic Review

2021

Pulse oximetry (PO) can be used as a technique to assess vascularization. Although it is commonly used in the field of medicine, it still has limited use in dentistry. The aim of this study is to evaluate, by means of a systematic review, if pulse oximetry is a viable and effective system to determine pulp vitality and assess the clinical criteria for its use. A literature search was performed in Medline, Scopus, Embase, and Web of Science databases. Clinical studies using pulse oximetry as a tool to determine pulp vitality in permanent teeth were eligible. Quality assessment of the included studies was performed following the Quality Assessment for Diagnostic Accuracy Studies (QUADAS-2) gu…

Late results of bladder stimulation in 11 patients: followup to 4 years.

1978

Abstract Direct stimulation of the detrusor muscle offers the best possibility to evacuate the bladder in highly selected patients. During the last 4 years 11 patients have undergone implantation of a bladder pacemaker. Followup revealed that 1 patient could void only during stimulation, while 7 patients had reflex evacuation and 3 had no function at all. An exceptional case report is presented.

The effect of long context exposure on cued conditioning and c-fos expression in the rat forebrain

2004

The c-fos expression was used to study the neural substrates of the cued fear conditioning acquisition, preceded by a short exposure versus a long exposure to the conditioning context. A long-context exposure (either during the night or during the day) prior to conditioning, was associated with low freezing in the learning test. Differences in the c-fos expression of CA1, CA3, BL Amygdala, LS and BNST were found between the short- or long-context groups with a pre-exposure before cued conditioning. Ce Amygdala showed no differences in the c-fos expression labeling. We reported the hippocampal c-fos activation during the cued fear conditioning acquisition. Specifically, the CA1 activation co…

Calcium-binding sites in the inner ear after pure-tone stimulation

1991

Five guinea pigs were exposed to an interrupted 90 dB SPL pure tone of 3.2 kHz for a total application time of 5 min. Following sound application all animals were decapitated and the cochleae were removed. After that, calcium-binding sites were located by the potassium pyroantimonate precipitation method. Another three animals served as control animals and did not receive the sound treatment. Findings confirmed previous studies showing the spatial arrangements of precipitate rich regions in the inner ear's two acellular structures (the basilar membrane and tectorial membrane) and the two cellular structures (the inner hair cells and Huschke's teeth). By using semiquantitative evaluation we …

EMG artifacts removal during electrical stimulation, a CWT based technique

2014

International audience; A technique of artifacts removal based on the continuous wavelet transform is presented. It uses common mother wavelets to find the temporal localization of stimulation artifacts on electromyogram (EMG) signal during an electrically evoked contraction of a muscle. This method can be used with standard stimulation pulse waveforms like monophasics or biphasics ones. It uses a histogram representation to find the best threshold to apply on the CWT domain. The algotithm is presented with Haar wavelet and then it is used with common wavelet famillies such as Daubechies or Symlets.

Functional Relations Between the Caudate Nucleus and the Dorsal Hippocampus in the Cat

1972

Nanocarriers for optimizing the balance between interfollicular permeation and follicular uptake of topically applied clobetasol to minimize adverse …

2015

The treatment of various hair disorders has become a central focus of good dermatologic patient care as it affects men and women all over the world. For many inflammatory-based scalp diseases, glucocorticoids are an essential part of treatment, even though they are known to cause systemic as well as local adverse effects when applied topically. Therefore, efficient targeting and avoidance of these side effects are of utmost importance. Optimizing the balance between drug release, interfollicular permeation, and follicular uptake may allow minimizing these adverse events and simultaneously improve drug delivery, given that one succeeds in targeting a sustained release formulation to the hair…

Mildronate: An Antiischemic Drug for Neurological Indications

2005

Mildronate (3-(2,2,2-trimethylhydrazinium)propionate; MET-88; meldonium, quaterine) is an antiischemic drug developed at the Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis. Mildronate was designed to inhibit carnitine biosynthesis in order to prevent accumulation of cytotoxic intermediate products of fatty acid beta-oxidation in ischemic tissues and to block this highly oxygen-consuming process. Mildronate is efficient in the treatment of heart ischemia and its consequences. Extensive evaluation of pharmacological activities of mildronate revealed its beneficial effect on cerebral circulation disorders and central nervous system (CNS) functions. The drug is used in neurological clinics for the trea…