Search results for "Stoichiometry"

showing 10 items of 270 documents

Self-assembly in surfactant-based liquid mixtures: Octanoic acid/Bis(2-ethylhexyl)amine systems

2012

Abstract The physico-chemical properties of Bis(2-ethylhexyl)amine (BEEA) plus octanoic acid (OA) mixtures have been investigated by IR, SAXS, WAXS, viscosimetry, and AC complex impedance spectroscopy in the whole composition range. Mainly driven by proton transfer from the acidic OA to the basic BEEA, the formation of stoichiometrically well-defined adducts takes place in the mixtures. This causes the slowing down of molecular dynamics and the increase in charge carrier number density. Interestingly, while the pure components possess no significant conductivity (about 10−12 S cm−1 at 25 °C), their mixtures show a composition-dependent enhanced conductivity (up to about 10−5 S cm−1), i.e., …

Conducting materials Liquid mixturesBis(2-ethylhexyl)amine Octanoic acid Liquid mixtures Conducting materials Self-assemblyChemistrySmall-angle X-ray scatteringSelf-assemblyConductivitySurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsBiomaterialsConducting materialsBis(2-ethylhexyl)amine; Octanoic acid; Liquid mixtures; Conducting materials; Self-assemblyViscosityMolecular dynamicsColloid and Surface ChemistryPulmonary surfactantLiquid mixturesOctanoic acidPhysical chemistryOrganic chemistryAmine gas treatingSelf-assemblyStoichiometryBis(2-ethylhexyl)amineSettore CHIM/02 - Chimica Fisica
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Synthesis and Stability Region of Stoichiometric Nanocrystalline Vanadium−Iron Spinel Powders

2000

Vanadium-iron spinels with nanometric sizes have been synthesized by a soft chemistry route. This way of elaboration consists of a coprecipitation followed by thermal treatments at low temperatures. The last thermal annealing is performed under a reducing atmosphere in order to obtain the exact oxygen stoichiometry (four oxygen atoms for three metal atoms in AB 2 O 4 ). Because of the low temperatures used, very low oxygen partial pressures (between 10 -20 and 10 -30 Pa) have to be applied. For this purpose, a reducing setup has been used. It consists of H 2 /N 2 /H 2 O gas mixtures, creating a reducing atmosphere with low oxygen partial pressure. This atmosphere can be applied to a sample …

CoprecipitationGeneral Chemical EngineeringReducing atmosphereSpinelInorganic chemistryVanadiumchemistry.chemical_elementGeneral ChemistryPartial pressureengineering.materialNanocrystalline materialSoft chemistrychemistryMaterials ChemistryengineeringStoichiometryChemistry of Materials
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Magnetic Molecular Conductors Based on Bis(ethylenedithio)tetrathiafulvalene (BEDT-TTF) and the Tris(chlorocyananilato)ferrate(III) Complex

2019

Electrocrystallization of the bis(ethylenedithio)tetrathiafulvalene (BEDT-TTF) organic donor in the presence of the [Fe(ClCNAn)3]3– tris(chlorocyananilato)ferrate(III) paramagnetic anion in different stoichiometric ratios and solvent mixtures afforded two different hybrid systems formulated as [BEDT-TTF]4[Fe(ClCNAn)3]·3H2O (1) and [BEDT-TTF]5[Fe(ClCNAn)3]2·2CH3CN (2) (An = anilato). Compounds 1 and 2 present unusual structures without the typical segregated organic and inorganic layers, where layers of 1 are formed by Λ and Δ enantiomers of the anionic paramagnetic complex together with mixed-valence BEDT-TTF tetramers, while layers of 2 are formed by Λ and Δ enantiomers of the paramagnetic…

Crystal structure010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesInorganic Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundParamagnetismMolecular interactionsMolecule[CHIM.COOR]Chemical Sciences/Coordination chemistryPhysical and Theoretical Chemistry010405 organic chemistry[CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistryMolecules3. Good health0104 chemical sciencesSolventCrystallographyMonomerchemistryRadical ionOligomersCrystal structuresSolventsStoichiometryTetrathiafulvaleneInorganic Chemistry
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DSC, Dilatometric, Dielectric, and1H NMR Studies of Phase Transitions and Molecular Motions in [N(C2H5)4]3M2Cl9 (M = Sb, Bi) Crystals

1995

Results in the dependence of stoichiometry of obtained tetraethylammonium (TEA) chloroantiomonate and chlorobismuthate salts on the molar ratio of reactants used in the synthesis are presented. Seven tetraethylammonium salts are obtained: (TEA) 6 M 8 Cl 30 , TEAMCI 4 , (TEA) 3 M 2 Cl 9 (M = Sb, Bi) and (TEA) 2 SbCl 5 . Preliminary X-ray diffraction studies on (TEA) 3 M 2 Cl 9 (M = Sb, Bi) show that they are isomorphous, crystallizing at room temperature in monoclinic symmetry. The dilatometric, dielectric, and DSC studies show that (TEA) 3 Bi 2 Cl 9 undergoes two phase transitions at T c2 = 144 K and at T c1 = 322 K while (TEA) 3 Sb 2 Cl 9 undergoes three transitions at T c3 = 185, T c2 = 2…

CrystalCrystallographyPhase transitionFerroelasticityChemistryStereochemistryProton NMRSpin–lattice relaxationDielectricAtmospheric temperature rangeCondensed Matter PhysicsStoichiometryElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materialsphysica status solidi (b)
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<title>Manifestation of structural features in Raman spectra of LiNbO<formula><inf><roman>3</roman></inf></for…

2008

Raman studies of ostensibly pure congruent, close to stoichiometric and stoichiometric lithium niobate single crystals and single crystals of lithium niobate containing admixture of Gd3+, Y+, and Mg2+ are reported. The authors have revealed weak Raman bands anomalously narrowing at changes of crystal composition disordering the cation sublattice and discuss the results with regard to evidence of anomalous ordering of structural units of the cation sublattice occurring at disordering of the cation sublattice as a whole.© (2008) COPYRIGHT SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.

CrystalCrystallographychemistry.chemical_compoundsymbols.namesakeMaterials sciencechemistryRaman bandOptical materialsLithium niobatesymbolsRaman spectroscopyStoichiometrySPIE Proceedings
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Crystal chemistry and redox behaviour of antimony strontium calcium perovskites

2000

The compound Sr2Sb1.4Ca0.6O6 and their reduced forms Sr2Sb1.4Ca0.6O5.17 and Sr2Sb1.4Ca0.6O4.84 have been prepared and characterized by powder X-ray diffraction, electron diffraction, iodometric analyses and thermogravimetric analysis. The three phases with different oxygen stoichiometries are structurally related to the perovskite and show symmetry distortions from the ideal cubic structure (with cell parameter ap). The crystal structure of Sr2Sb1.4Ca0.6O6 may be refined by the Rietveld method from powder X-ray diffraction data using the space group P21/n, and the cell parameters a=5.776(2), b=5.7837(2), c=8.1718(3) A, β=90.039(3)° with the same structural model than for previously studied …

CrystallographyAntimonychemistryElectron diffractionCrystal chemistryInorganic chemistryMaterials Chemistrychemistry.chemical_elementSpace groupThermal treatmentCrystal structureStoichiometryPerovskite (structure)International Journal of Inorganic Materials
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Stoichiometry of LiNiO2 Studied by Mössbauer Spectroscopy

2002

From the 61Ni and 57Fe Mossbauer spectroscopy data follows the cationic site assignment in Li1−x Ni1+x O2. Our data explain the ferromagnetic properties of this material because of the appearance of Ni2+ (S = 1) among Ni3+ (S = 1/2) in Ni3+O2 hexagonal planes. We have no evidence for the ferromagnetic interaction between the NiO2 layers through the excess Ni2+ ions substituting the Li+ ions. The presence of Ni2+ found in the Ni3+O2 planes explains the absence of the Jahn-Teller distortions probably because of the electronic transfer between the Ni3+ and Ni2+ ions.

CrystallographyFerromagnetismMössbauer effectFerromagnetic material propertiesChemistryJahn–Teller effectMössbauer spectroscopyStoichiometryCharged particleIon
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Storage of information in lithium niobate single crystals

2011

Reported studies of recording information were made with a number of LiNbO 3 compositions: stoichiometric and congruent single crystals. The present study shows that recording is possible in pure LiNbO 3 single crystals and in single crystals containing inactive cation dopants. Recording in stoichiometric crystals is likely possible because of a considerable amount of electrons localised in shallow traps. Absence of recorded information in pure congruent crystals were observed.

Crystallographychemistry.chemical_compoundOptical imagingMaterials scienceDopantchemistryOptical recordingLithium niobateNonlinear opticsIntegrated opticsElectronStoichiometry2011 International Symposium on Applications of Ferroelectrics (ISAF/PFM) and 2011 International Symposium on Piezoresponse Force Microscopy and Nanoscale Phenomena in Polar Materials
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ChemInform Abstract: Ta1.09Fe2.39Te4, a New Non-Stoichiometric Ternary Tantalum Telluride.

2010

Abstract Ta1.09Fe2.39Te4 was prepared by chemical transport from the elements in sealed silica tubes in a temperature gradient from 700 to 600 °C. It crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P2/m with a = 6.162(2) A , b = 7.852(3) A , c = 7.250(3) A , β = 95.32(3)° and Z = 2 . Its structure can be derived from a hexagonal close packing of tellurium atoms with tantalum and iron atoms in octahedral voids and additional iron atoms in tetrahedral voids. The structure is closely related to the structures of MM'Te2 (MNb, Ta; M′Fe, Co, Ni) and MxFeγTe2 (MNb, x = 0.89, γ = 0.93; MTa, x = 0.77, γ = 0.90).

Crystallographychemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryOctahedronTantalumClose-packing of equal sphereschemistry.chemical_elementGeneral MedicineTelluriumTantalum tellurideTernary operationStoichiometryMonoclinic crystal systemChemInform
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Enantioselective sensing of dicarboxylates. Influence of the stoichiometry of the complexes on the sensing mechanism

2009

Two new cyclohexane-based thiourea chiral ligands have been synthesized in their enantiomerically pure forms. Both the ability of these ligands in the complexation of chiral dicarboxylates and their sensing properties have been studied. The influence of the stoichiometry of the formed complexes on the fluorescent properties of the systems has been established. The effect of additional substitution in the cyclohexyl moiety was considered by comparing the properties of the newly prepared ligands with those of similar compounds previously described.

CyclohexaneChemistryStereochemistryorganic chemicalsOrganic ChemistryEnantioselective synthesisFluorescenceCombinatorial chemistryCatalysisInorganic Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundThioureaMoietyheterocyclic compoundsPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryStoichiometryTetrahedron: Asymmetry
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