Search results for "Strategy"
showing 10 items of 2256 documents
Identification of the VvFLS2 grapevine flagellin receptor by a functional genomics strategy
2012
Effets de la variabilité inter-individuelles et des interactions intra-guildes sur les stratégies d'approvisionnement de carabes consommateurs de gra…
2017
Making a choice requires, implicitly, an investment of time in one behaviour at the expense of an investment in another. Being choosy would increase the risk of losing many food item opportunities to competitors, and is directly in conflict with other essential tasks such as predator avoidance. Individuals are thus expected to adjust their level of choosiness in response to the competition and predation context. The available behavioural ecological theory and the empirical ecology of carabids would suggest that competition and predation interference induces changes in the foraging behaviour of carabid individuals. Carabids typically operate within communities in which competition and predat…
Analyse multi-échelles des compromis entre services écosystémiques fournis par la flore adventice
2021
Weeds contribute to the provision of various ecosystem services, negative when linked to their harmfulness (disservices) and positive due to the provision of trophic resources (floral resources, seeds) to pollinators and pest natural enemies (services). In this PhD thesis, we analysed how crop management strategies (coherent crop sequences and associated farming practices) implemented by farmers within a small agricultural landscape modulate the weed contribution to (dis)services provision. We also assessed the relative contribution of field cores and field edges (narrow area between the 1st row of the crop and the boundary) to these services. At the annual scale, we show that crop type hig…
Avian biodiversity: impacts of pest management strategies and landscape in South-Eastern French apple orchards
2008
National audience; In French apple orchards, the predominant conventional management strategy has resulted insecticide resistance in major pests like codling moth and an increased frequency of environmentally harmful insecticide applications. Organic agriculture as well as IPM represent alternatives to this situation. Impacts on the avifauna of three different management strategies (organic, conventional and integrated) were studied during three years in 15 commercial apple orchards. These orchards were situated around Avignon and had similar contexts in terms of local and landscape features. Our results show that the avifauna differ significantly among the three management strategies with …
A strategy for taking soil carbon into the policy arena
2015
Chapitre 5 Section 1 SPE EcolDur; International audience; Soil organic carbon (SOC) has a relatively low profile in the policy arena. Here, we discuss the different steps of the policy-making process as well as the actors involved at the local, national and international scale. The first part analyses the policy-making process. The policy imperative consists of building up and maintaining SOC. The policy profile and discourse focuses on raising awareness. The policy rationale includes the economic and social benefits as well as the soil as capital. The policy support concerns the tools and programmes available. The second part of the chapter deals with the actors, from the advocates and ins…
Pierres et carrières : réflexions autour de différentes stratégies d’approvisionnement sur les chantiers bourguignons médiévaux
2021
In this paper, we want to discuss the complexity of the mechanisms of medieval building stone supplying based on a diachronically and multidisciplinary inquiry on several Cistercian and ducal study cases. The first results enlighten the constraint caused by land property that limits the builders to a supplying network shaped by domain and law. Thanks to the growing vitality of trade and the arrival of independent stone providers, criteria of selection gradually focus on stone itself. Both global and individual strategies evolve then, reinventing the networks of stone providing and the markets.
Developing post-primary education in sub-saharan africa
2010
Countries located at the South of Sahara are currently making significant progresses towards universal completion of primary education. Consequently the number of youngsters who knock at the door of secondary education is much increasing creating strong structural pressures on all segments of post-primary schooling. Identification of a strategy helping to cope with this issue in a sustainable way constitutes a major challenge for educational policies in all countries of the region. The research undertaken aims, in the diversity of national context, at exploring a large array of policy options (in terms of quantity, input mix and quality of services and modalities of financing) that could be…
L'enseignement post-primaire en Afrique subsaharienne : viabilité financière des différentes options de développement
2010
Countries located at the South of Sahara are currently making significant progresses towards universal completion of primary education. Consequently the number of youngsters who knock at the door of secondary education is much increasing creating strong structural pressures on all segments of post-primary schooling. Identification of a strategy helping to cope with this issue in a sustainable way constitutes a major challenge for educational policies in all countries of the region. The research undertaken aims, in the diversity of national context, at exploring a large array of policy options (in terms of quantity, input mix and quality of services and modalities of financing) that could be…
L'orientation professionnelle des diplômés des Beaux-Arts : étude des stratégies de positionnement
2006
The artistic labour market has specific features (flexibility, self-employment, precariousness, multi-activity...) that make it an interesting field to study. Graduates of the Fine Art schools are presented on this market with a diploma of Bac+5 level. They are however far from constituting a homogeneous population. This study shows how differentiated positioning choices are linked with curriculum and personal characteristics of the graduates. Thus, whereas the artistic careers remain given, in the imaginary collective, by the idea of vocation, this article tries to prolong the analyses on individual strategies on the entering on the labour market by showing that the Graduate of the Fine Ar…
THE EVOLUTION OF ADVERTISING MARKET WHERE IS ADVERTISING NOW, AND WHERE IS IT GOING?
2010
Advertising is more complicated than it used to be. In the innocent days of the 70’s and 80’s you could easily reach large audiences, both locally and nationally, through traditional advertising. Those days are long gone and an examination of the advertising playing field looks like a big pile of incomprehensible choice. In Romania, advertising has mushroomed over the past 10 years. With the emergence of large international companies and the budgets allocated to them in advertising, advertisers have appeared, only present in major cities of Romania. After 2000, there were several media institutions with very large budget and big plans for the advertising market in Romania. Are some media gr…