Search results for "Subtract"
showing 10 items of 134 documents
Immunity and other defenses in pea aphids, Acyrthosiphon pisum
2010
Background Recent genomic analyses of arthropod defense mechanisms suggest conservation of key elements underlying responses to pathogens, parasites and stresses. At the center of pathogen-induced immune responses are signaling pathways triggered by the recognition of fungal, bacterial and viral signatures. These pathways result in the production of response molecules, such as antimicrobial peptides and lysozymes, which degrade or destroy invaders. Using the recently sequenced genome of the pea aphid (Acyrthosiphon pisum), we conducted the first extensive annotation of the immune and stress gene repertoire of a hemipterous insect, which is phylogenetically distantly related to previously ch…
Sex versus parthenogenesis: A transcriptomic approach of photoperiod response in the model aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum (Hemiptera: Aphididae)
2007
International audience; Most aphids develop a cyclic parthenogenesis life-cycle. After several generations of viviparous parthenogenetic females, it follows a single annual generation of sexual individuals, usually in autumn, that mate and lay the sexual eggs. Shortening of photoperiod at the end of the summer is a key factor inducing the sexual response. With the survey here reported we aimed at identifying a collection of candidate genes to participate at some point in the cascade of events that lead to the sexual phenotypes. Following a suppression subtractive hybridization methodology (SSH) on the model aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum, we built and characterised two reciprocal cDNA libraries …
Functional genomics of arbuscular mycorrhiza : decoding the symbiotic cell programme
2004
More extensive insight into plant genes involved in the symbiotic programme of arbuscular mycorrhiza is presently being achieved by global approaches that aim to discover novel genes or subsets of genes that are essential to cell programmes in the different steps of plantfungal interactions. The strategy of functional genomics based on large-scale differential RNA expression analyses (differential-display reverse transcriptase - PCR), electronic Northerns, suppressive subtractive hybridization, DNA chips) is presented, with a focus on arbuscular mycorrhiza in Pisum sativum and Medicago truncatula. The most recent knowledge about gene networks that are modulated in roots during arbuscular …
A comparative assessment of energy demand and life cycle costs for additive- and subtractive-based manufacturing approaches
2020
Abstract The applicability domain of Additive Manufacturing (AM) processes, apart from technological and quality results, relies on environmental and cost performance. These aspects still need to be better understood. To this aim, comparative analyses with conventional manufacturing routes are needed. In this paper, empirical cost and energy requirement models are suggested to assess subtractive- (machining) and additive- (Electron Beam Melting) based manufacturing approaches for the production of Ti-6Al-4V components. A life-cycle perspective is adopted, and all the steps from the input material production to the post-AM processing operations and the use phase are included. The analyses ha…
Integrated WAAM-Subtractive Versus Pure Subtractive Manufacturing Approaches: An Energy Efficiency Comparison
2019
Over the last years, additive manufacturing (AM) has been gathering momentum both in the academic and in the industrial world. Besides the obvious benefits in terms of flexibility and process capabilities, the environmental performance of such processes has still to be properly analyzed. Actually, the advantages of additive manufacturing over conventional processes are not obvious. Indeed, different manufacturing approaches result in different amounts of involved material and in different processing energy demands. Environmental comparative analyses are hence crucial to properly characterize AM processes. In this paper, an energetic comparison between the emerging wire arc additive manufact…
Subtracting the sequence bias from partially digested MNase-seq data reveals a general contribution of TFIIS to nucleosome positioning.
2017
Background TFIIS stimulates RNA cleavage by RNA polymerase II and promotes the resolution of backtracking events. TFIIS acts in the chromatin context, but its contribution to the chromatin landscape has not yet been investigated. Co-transcriptional chromatin alterations include subtle changes in nucleosome positioning, like those expected to be elicited by TFIIS, which are elusive to detect. The most popular method to map nucleosomes involves intensive chromatin digestion by micrococcal nuclease (MNase). Maps based on these exhaustively digested samples miss any MNase-sensitive nucleosomes caused by transcription. In contrast, partial digestion approaches preserve such nucleosomes, but intr…
Nanoparticles in the Biological Context: Surface Morphology and Protein Corona Formation
2020
Small 16(39), 2002162 (2020). doi:10.1002/smll.202002162
Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension: Pre- and Postoperative Assessment with Breath-hold MR Imaging Techniques
2004
To evaluate the potential of breath-hold magnetic resonance (MR) imaging techniques in morphologic and functional assessment of patients with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) before and after surgery.Thirty-four patients with CTEPH were examined before and after pulmonary thromboendarterectomy (PTE). For morphologic assessment, contrast material-enhanced MR angiography was used; for assessment of hemodynamics, velocity-encoded gradient-echo sequences and cine gradient-echo sequences along the short axis of the heart were performed. Contrast-enhanced MR angiography was compared with selective digital subtraction angiography (DSA) for depiction of central thromboembolic m…
Comparison of contrast-enhanced MR angiography to intraarterial digital subtraction angiography for evaluation of peripheral arterial occlusive disea…
2010
Purpose To evaluate the efficacy and safety of 0.1 mmol/kg gadodiamide administration for contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography (CE-MRA) in detecting hemodynamically relevant main stenosis (ie, ≥50% or occlusion) of aortoiliac arteries. Materials and Methods In a multicenter, phase 3, controlled study, patients with suspected or proven peripheral arterial occlusive disease (PAOD) underwent CE-MRA with administration of gadodiamide. Intraarterial digital subtraction angiography (IA-DSA) was used as the reference. The study was approved by all Institutional Review Boards or Institutional Ethic Committees prior to commencement of patient recruitment and written informed consent was …
Does the left inferior parietal lobule contribute to multiplication facts?
2005
We report a single case, who presents with a selective and severe impairment for multiplication and division facts. His ability to retrieve subtraction and addition facts was entirely normal. His brain lesion affected the left superior temporal and to lesser extent in the left middle temporal gyri and the left precentral gyrus extending inferiorly to the pars opercularis of the left frontal lobe. Interestingly, the left supramarginal and angular gyri (SMG/AG) were spared. This finding realised a double dissociation with a previously reported patient, who despite lesions in the SMG/AG did not have a multiplication impairment (van Harskamp et al., 2002). The previously suggested crucial role …