Search results for "Swine"

Area at Risk and Viability after Myocardial Ischemia and Reperfusion Can Be Determined by Contrast-Enhanced Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging

2008

<i>Background/Aims:</i> Clinical differentiation between infarcted and viable myocardium in the ischemic area at risk is controversial. We investigated the potential of contrast-enhanced cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (ceCMRI) in determining the area at risk 24 h after ischemia. <i>Methods:</i> Myocardial ischemia was induced by percutaneous coronary intervention of the left anterior descending coronary artery in pigs. Coronary occlusion time was 30 min in group A, which caused little myocardial infarction and 45 min in group B, which led to irreversible damage. 24 h after reperfusion ceCMRI was performed at 2 and 15 min after administration of gadolinium-diethyl…

Quantification of pulmonary blood flow (PBF): validation of perfusion MRI and nonlinear contrast agent (CA) dose correction with H(2)15O positron emi…

2009

Validation of quantification of pulmonary blood flow (PBF) with dynamic, contrast-enhanced MRI is still missing. A possible reason certainly lies in difficulties based on the nonlinear dependence of signal intensity (SI) from contrast agent (CA) concentration. Both aspects were addressed in this study. Nine healthy pigs were examined by first-pass perfusion MRI using gadolinium diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid (Gd-DTPA) and HO positron emission tomography (PET) imaging. Calculations of hemodynamic parameters were based on a one-compartment model (MR) and a two-compartment model (PET). Simulations showed a significant error when assuming a linear relation between MR SI and CA dose in the …

Quantification of resting myocardial blood flow in a pig model of acute ischemia based on first-pass MRI

2005

Qualitative and semiquantitative contrast-enhanced (CE) dynamic perfusion MRI techniques are established as noninvasive diagnostic means of assessing coronary artery disease. However, to date quantification of myocardial blood flow (MBF) has not reached the same acceptance as MBF quantification with nuclear techniques. To validate quantification of MBF at rest using the extracellular contrast agent (CA) Gd-DTPA, we performed an animal study in a pig model of acute myocardial ischemia. We quantified MBF from MRI data with a mathematical model (MMID4) of the underlying vasculature. These MBF results were subsequently compared with the results from fluorescent microspheres. The study showed a …

Relationships among porcine and human P[6] rotaviruses: Evidence that the different human P[6] lineages have originated from multiple interspecies tr…

2005

AbstractPorcine rotavirus strains (PoRVs) bearing human-like VP4 P[6] gene alleles were identified. Genetic characterization with either PCR genotyping or sequence analysis allowed to determine the VP7 specificity of the PoRVs as G3, G4, G5 and G9, and the VP6 as genogroup I, that is predictive of a subgroup I specificity. Sequence analysis of the VP8* trypsin-cleavage product of VP4 allowed PoRVs to be characterized further into genetic lineages within the P[6] genotype. Unexpectedly, the strains displayed significantly higher similarity (up to 94.6% and 92.5% at aa and nt level, respectively) to human M37-like P[6] strains (lineage I), serologically classifiable as P2A, or to the atypical…

Correction for Frantz et al., Ancient pigs reveal a near-complete genomic turnover following their introduction to Europe

2020

Significance Archaeological evidence indicates that domestic pigs arrived in Europe, alongside farmers from the Near East ∼8,500 y ago, yet mitochondrial genomes of modern European pigs are derived from European wild boars. To address this conundrum, we obtained mitochondrial and nuclear data from modern and ancient Near Eastern and European pigs. Our analyses indicate that, aside from a coat color gene, most Near Eastern ancestry in the genomes of European domestic pigs disappeared over 3,000 y as a result of interbreeding with local wild boars. This implies that pigs were not domesticated independently in Europe, yet the first 2,500 y of human-mediated selection applied by Near Eastern Ne…

Alternative for improving gut microbiota: use of Jerusalem artichoke and probiotics in diet of weaned piglets

2014

AbstractThe aim of the study was to determine the effect of Jerusalem artichoke and probiotics on defence activity of intestinal cells of weaning pigs. One hundred eighty piglets (7 weeks old) were fed with basal feed supplemented with Jerusalem artichoke, Lactobacillus reuteri and Pediococcus pentosaceus. After 5 weeks, the piglets were slaughtered and the gastrointestinal contents and intestine samples were taken for analysis. Results demonstrated that in pigs fed basal diet with both probiotics and Jerusalem artichoke (5% of basal diet) (T3 group) had less (P<0.05) faecal Enterobacteriaceae microorganisms and coliforms and had more (P<0,05) faecal Lactobacillus than in pigs from ot…

Polymorphism and chromosomal localization of the porcine signal transducer and activator of transcription 5B gene (STAT5B).

2006

Signal transducers and activators of transcription (STATs) are a family of transcription factors. STAT5A and 5B are two highly related proteins encoded by two distinct genes. Transgenic knockout mice studies have indicated the importance of STAT5 proteins for the regulation of both lactation and growth performance. Moreover, different studies determine the role of STAT5 proteins in the modulation of adipocyte function. In this study, we sequenced one fragment of STAT5B gene from animals of six breeds (Duroc, Iberian, Landrace, Large White, Pie´train and Meishan) to identify genetic variants. A G/A single nucleotide polymorphism in intron 14 creates a polymorphic PstI restriction site and wa…

Assignment of signal transducer and activator of transcription 5A (STAT5A) to porcine chromosome 12p13→p11 by radiation hybrid panel mapping

2005

Comparison of necrotoxigenic Escherichia coli isolates from farm animals and from humans.

1999

Abstract Necrotoxigenic Escherichia coli (NTEC) isolated from animals and humans can belong to the same serogroups/types and produce or carry the genes coding for fimbrial and afimbrial adhesins of the same family, P, S, F17, and/or AFA, raising the question of a potential zoonotic source of human infection. The main purpose of this study was to compare 239 NTEC1 strains (45 from cattle, 65 from humans and 129 from piglets) and 98 NTEC2 strains from cattle, using a uniform and standardized typing scheme. The O serogroups and the biotypes recognized amongst NTEC1 and NTEC2 strains were quite varied, although some were more frequently observed (serogroups O2, O4, O6, O8, O18, O78, and O83 and…

Porcine Dermis-Derived Collagen Membranes Induce Implantation Bed Vascularization Via Multinucleated Giant Cells: A Physiological Reaction?

2014

In this study, the tissue reactions to 2 new porcine dermis-derived collagen membranes of different thickness were analyzed. The thicker material (Mucoderm) contained sporadically preexisting vessel skeletons and fatty islands. The thinner membrane (Collprotect) had a bilayered structure (porous and occlusive side) without any preexisting structures. These materials were implanted subcutaneously in mice to analyze the tissue reactions and potential transmembranous vascularization. Histological and histomorphometrical methodologies were performed at 4 time points (3, 10, 15, and 30 days). Both materials permitted stepwise connective tissue ingrowth into their central regions. In the Mucoderm…