Search results for "T cell"

Evidence against a key role for transforming growth factor-beta1 in cytomegalovirus-induced bone marrow aplasia.

1998

During immunodeficiency after sublethal haematoablative treatment, cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection interferes with haematopoietic reconstitution and can cause lethal bone marrow (BM) aplasia. The in vivo model of murine CMV infection has identified the BM stroma as the principal target site of CMV in the haematopoietic cord. The infected cell type is the reticular stromal cell which forms the stromal network and produces essential haemopoietins, such as stem-cell factor (SCF). The expression of SCF was found to be reduced in the infected stroma, but the stromal network was not disrupted and the number of infected stromal cells was too low to explain the functional deficiency. These facts ca…

Latvijas Universitātes vēsturiskais studentu karceris

2021

The University of Latvia has 19 th-century historical witness regarding the daily life of students during studies - the historical student solitary confinement cell. The origins of the student solitary confinement cell are found in medieval Germany, when universities were entitled to detain students into cells for the misdeeds during the studies. The idea was realized in the 19th century, which coincided with the time when German academic influence spread in the Baltics. During the occupation of the USSR, this history phenomenon was forgotten or distorted, but it is now rehabilitated. The Museum of the University of Latvia with the University of Latvia Academic Press has issued booklet, whi…

Historical University of Latvia student solitary confinement cell: video

2021

The University of Latvia has 19th-century historical witness regarding the daily life of students during studies - the historical student solitary confinement cell. The origins of the student solitary confinement cell are found in medieval Germany, when universities were entitled to turn students into cells for the misdeeds during the studies. The idea was realized in the 19th century, which coincided with the time when German academic influence spread in the Baltics. During the occupation of the USSR, this history phenomenon was forgotten or distorted, but it is now rehabilitated. The Museum of the University of Latvia has filmed a video with subtitles in English about the student solitary…

In vivoInvestigation of Plant-Cell Metabolism by means of natural-abundance13C-NMR spectroscopy

1994

Based on the natural abundance of 13C, in vivo13C-NMR was used for the first time to monitor the metabolism of sucrose and hydroquinone (1) in cell suspensions of the plant Rauwolfia serpentina (L.) BENTH. ex KURZ. Cells converted sucrose extracellularly into α-D- and β -D-glucose as well as into β -D-fructofuranose and β -D-fructopyranose, respectively. The sugar mixture was completely taken up by the cells after 4 days. Hydroquinone fed at that time resulted in optimum conversion into its β -D-glucoside arbutin (2) within 10 h. A further metabolite, the primeveroside (3) of hydroquinone, appeared as a trace compound after 10 h. The formation of this diglycoside can be increased by further…

Morphometry and comparative histology of sinus and atrioventricular nodes in humans and pigs and their relevance in the prevention of nodal arrhythmi…

2019

The cardiac conduction system is a network structure that allows the initiation and fast propagation of electrical impulses that trigger the electrical depolarization of the myocardial tissue. The purpose of this work is to study the histological and morphometric characteristics of the different components of the sinus and atrioventricular nodes in humans and pigs and their relationship with supraventricular arrhythmias. In this study, we describe the morphometry of the sinus and atrioventricular nodes of 10 adult humans and 10 pig hearts. A computerized morphometric study has been carried out, where we determined the number of cells that compose the nodes as well as different parameters re…

Development of T cell clones reactive to two defined restriction elements in conjunction with two defined epitopes of antigen

1985

A previously described pig insulin (PI)-specific T cell line of (B10 X B10.BR)F1 origin was assayed for its reactivity with species variants of insulin in the presence of antigen-presenting cells (APC) of various H-2 haplotypes. In addition to its reactivity with PI and bovine insulin (BI) in the context of syngeneic F1 (H-2b X k)-APC, a weak cross-reactivity was observed with parental B10 (H-2b)-APC and BI but not PI. The cross-reactive cells could be selected out by several restimulations with the combination of BI and B10-APC. From the resulting, strongly cross-reactive T cell line several interleukin 2-dependent sublines were developed which did not require antigen-specific restimulatio…

Evidence for a multistep mechanism for cell-cell fusion by herpes simplex virus with mutations in the syn 3 locus using heparin derivatives during fu…

1994

Addition of heparin-Na+ as well as related substances of high and intermediate MW (Arteparon and polyanion SP54) 3 h after infection inhibit fusion from within (FFWI) induced by HSV strains with mutations in the syn 3 locus only. The concentration of heparin-Na+ required to inhibit FFWI is 10-fold higher (1 mg/ml) than that needed to inhibit adsorption. Instead of fusion, cell rounding is observed. The effect is readily reversible. A low MW heparin disaccharide is ineffective. Neomycin, at a concentration of 8 mM, inhibits FFWI induced by all HSV-1 but not HSV-2 strains, whereas adsorption is inhibited at 3 mM. We conclude from our observations that cell-cell fusion (FFWI) induced by syn 3 …

Cytotoxic geranylflavonoids from Bonannia graeca

2011

The analysis of the aerial parts of Bonannia graeca led to the isolation and characterization of two new polar geranylated flavonoids (6 and 7). The structure elucidation was performed by extensive spectroscopic methods (1D and 2D NMR) and comparison with literature data. All natural flavonoids isolated from B. graeca (1–7) and some synthetic derivatives (8–11) were tested for cytotoxic activity against four human tumor cell lines. Preliminary structure-activity relationship correlations are discussed.

A fully synthetic vaccine consisting of a tumor-associated glycopeptide antigen and a T-cell epitope for the induction of a highly specific humoral i…

2005

The role of NF-AT transcription factors in T cell activation and differentiation11We dedicate this review to Prof. Dr. Rigomar Rieger (Gatersleben), …

2000

AbstractThe family of genuine NF-AT transcription factors consists of four members (NF-AT1 [or NF-ATp], NF-AT2 [or NF-ATc], NF-AT3 and NF-AT4 [or NF-ATx]) which are characterized by a highly conserved DNA binding domain (is designated as Rel similarity domain) and a calcineurin binding domain. The binding of the Ca2+-dependent phosphatase calcineurin to this region controls the nuclear import and exit of NF-ATs. This review deals (1) with the structure of NF-AT proteins, (2) the DNA binding of NF-AT factors and their interaction with AP-1, (3) NF-AT target genes, (4) signalling pathways leading to NF-AT activation: the role of protein kinases and calcineurin, (5) the nuclear entry and exit …