Search results for "T-Lymphocytes"

Bacteria-specific cytotoxic CD8+ T cells: a missing link in the pathogenesis of the HLA-B27-associated spondylarthropathies.

1994

The term seronegative spondylarthropathies is used for an entity of rheumatic syndromes of peripheral joints and the spine (ankylosing spondylitis, reactive arthritis, Reiter's syndrome, arthritis in psoriasis and in inflammatory bowel disease) which are strongly associated with the MHC class I molecule HLA-B27. However, the mechanisms whereby HLA-B27 confers disease susceptibility have so far remained unknown. There is strong evidence that gut inflammation and infection with gram-negative bacteria play a role in the induction of B27-associated disease. HLA-B27, like other MHC class I molecules, physiologically binds antigenic peptides in its binding groove and presents them to CD8+ T lymph…

Enterobacterial Antigens with Tropism for Joint Structures and HLA-B27=Restricted Cytotoxic T-Cells in Reactive Arthritis

1995

In reactive arthritis (ReA), sterile synovitis is an immunological sequela following gastrointestinal or urogenital infection with facultatively intracellular bacteria (Yersinia, Salmonella, Shigella, Chlamydia). It is widely accepted now that the development of arthritis is closely related to the persistance of bacteria or bacterial antigens in extraarticular mucosal or lymphoid tissues (i.e. gut mucosa, gut associated lymphoid tissue, genitourinary mucosa); however, it is still unclear which host mechanisms are responsible for the poorer elimination of arthritis-causing microorganisms in those ReA patients. Bacterial components are also camed to the joints where they can be demonstrated i…

Identification of the Yersinia enterocolitica urease beta subunit as a target antigen for human synovial T lymphocytes in reactive arthritis.

1993

The local T-cell response to bacterial antigens is involved in the pathogenesis of reactive arthritis (ReA). Here, we have identified a 19-kDa antigen of Yersinia enterocolitica O:9 recognized by Yersinia-specific synovial fluid CD4+ T cells in two patients with Yersinia-induced ReA. N-terminal amino acid sequencing of this protein revealed that it was identical to the 19-kDa urease beta subunit of Y. enterocolitica O:9. This protein has previously been shown to be arthritogenic in preimmunized rats after intra-articular injection. Analysis of the T-cell response to this protein showed that it contains several T-cell epitopes, one of which cross-reacts with other enterobacteria not able to …

An update on the relationships between rheumatoid arthritis and atherosclerosis

2010

Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic inflammatory disease. Cardiovascular events are the most important cause of mortality and morbidity in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Beyond the traditional cardiovascular risk factors, chronic systemic inflammation has been shown to be a crucial factor in atherosclerosis development and progression from endothelial dysfunction to plaque rupture and thrombosis. Many studies have shown that atherosclerosis is not a passive event like accumulation of lipids in the vessel walls; by contrast, it represents an active inflammation of the vessels. Inflammatory cells such as macrophages, monocytes and T cells play important roles in the development of both rhe…

Pathogenesis of polymyalgia rheumatica

2018

Polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) is a chronic, inflammatory disorder of unknown cause, almost exclusively occurring in people aged over 50 and often associated with giant cell arteritis. The evidence that PMR occurs almost exclusively in individuals aged over 50 may indicate that age-related immune alterations in genetically predisposed subjects contribute to development of the disease. Several infectious agents have been investigated as possible triggers of PMR even though the results are inconclusive. Activation of the innate and adaptive immune systems has been proved in PMR patients as demonstrated by the activation of dendritic cells and monocytes/macrophages and the altered balance betwee…

Oxymetazoline modulates proinflammatory cytokines and the T‐cell stimulatory capacity of dendritic cells

2007

The nasal decongestant oxymetazoline (OMZ) is frequently used in the topical treatment of rhinitis/sinusitis. As proinflammatory cytokines play a critical role in the development and maintenance of local inflammation, the aim of this study was to investigate the influence of OMZ on immune cells in order to diminish the mucosal infiltration of the nose. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from buffy coats of healthy volunteers were isolated and stimulated in the presence or absence of OMZ. In addition, monocyte-derived dendritic cells (DC) were generated and different concentrations of OMZ were added. DC phenotype and their T-cell stimulatory properties were analysed. The vasoactive su…

Photoluminescent Detection of Human T-Lymphoblastic Cells by ZnO Nanorods.

2020

The precise detection of cancer cells currently remains a global challenge. One-dimensional (1D) semiconductor nanostructures (e.g., ZnO nanorods) have attracted attention due to their potential use in cancer biosensors. In the current study, it was demonstrated that the possibility of a photoluminescent detection of human leukemic T-cells by using a zinc oxide nanorods (ZnO NRs) platform. Monoclonal antibodies (MABs) anti-CD5 against a cluster of differentiation (CD) proteins on the pathologic cell surface have been used as a bioselective layer on the ZnO surface. The optimal concentration of the protein anti-CD5 to form an effective bioselective layer on the ZnO NRs surface was selected. …

Editorial: Thymic Epithelial Cells: New Insights Into the Essential Driving Force of T-Cell Differentiation.

2021

Metabolic Changes in Tumor Microenvironment: How Could They Affect γδ T Cells Functions?

2021

The metabolic changes that occur in tumor microenvironment (TME) can influence not only the biological activity of tumor cells, which become more aggressive and auto sustained, but also the immune response against tumor cells, either producing ineffective responses or polarizing the response toward protumor activity. γδ T cells are a subset of T cells characterized by a plasticity that confers them the ability to differentiate towards different cell subsets according to the microenvironment conditions. On this basis, we here review the more recent studies focused on altered tumor metabolism and γδ T cells, considering their already known antitumor role and the possibility of manipulating th…

Human Papillomavirus Type 16 E7 Peptide-Directed CD8+ T Cells from Patients with Cervical Cancer Are Cross-Reactive with the Coronavirus NS2 Protein

2003

ABSTRACTHuman papillomavirus type 16 (HPV16) E6 and E7 oncoproteins are required for cellular transformation and represent candidate targets for HPV-specific and major histocompatibility complex class I-restricted CD8+-T-cell responses in patients with cervical cancer. Recent evidence suggests that cross-reactivity represents the inherent nature of the T-cell repertoire. We identified HLA-A2 binding HPV16 E7 variant peptides from human, bacterial, or viral origin which are able to drive CD8+-T-cell responses directed against wild-type HPV16 E7 amino acid 11 to 19/20 (E711-19/20) epitope YMLDLQPET(T) in vitro. CD8+T cells reacting to the HLA-A2-presented peptide from HPV16 E711-19(20)recogni…