Search results for "TF"
showing 10 items of 1652 documents
Matrix metalloproteinase-12 cleaved fragment of titin as a predictor of functional capacity in patients with heart failure and preserved ejection fra…
2020
Serum levels of matrix metalloproteinase-12 cleaved fragment of titin (TIM), a novel circulatory biomarker specific for cardiac titin degradation, has emerged as a potential biomarker in cardiovascular diseases. In this work, we aimed to evaluate the association between TIM and maximal functional capacity assessed by the percentage of predicted peak exercise oxygen uptake (pp-peakVO2) in patients with heart failure and preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). Design. In this post-hoc study, we included 46 stable symptomatic (New York Heart Association II-III) HFpEF patients enrolled in the TRAINING-HF study (NCT02638961). pp-peak-VO2 was calculated from baseline values. Baseline circulating lev…
Metformin: Sex/Gender Differences in Its Uses and Effects-Narrative Review
2022
Metformin (MTF) occupies a major and fundamental position in the therapeutic management of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Gender differences in some effects and actions of MTF have been reported. Women are usually prescribed lower MTF doses compared to men and report more gastrointestinal side effects. The incidence of cardiovascular events in women on MTF has been found to be lower to that of men on MTF. Despite some promising results with MTF regarding pregnancy rates in women with PCOS, the management of gestational diabetes, cancer prevention or adjunctive cancer treatment and COVID-19, most robust meta-analyses have yet to confirm such beneficial effects.
Metformin increases APP expression and processing via oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction and NF-κB activation: Use of insulin to attenuate m…
2015
AbstractClinical and experimental biomedical studies have shown Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) to be a risk factor for the development of Alzheimer's disease (AD). This study demonstrates the effect of metformin, a therapeutic biguanide administered for T2DM therapy, on β-amyloid precursor protein (APP) metabolism in in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo models. Furthermore, the protective role of insulin against metformin is also demonstrated. In LAN5 neuroblastoma cells, metformin increases APP and presenilin levels, proteins involved in AD. Overexpression of APP and presenilin 1 (Pres 1) increases APP cleavage and intracellular accumulation of β-amyloid peptide (Aβ), which, in turn, promotes ag…
Influence of metformin on GLUT1 gene and protein expression in rat streptozotocindiabetes mellitusmodel
2010
Metformin improves hyperglycaemia via mechanisms which include activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). Recent findings indicate that some metabolic actions of metformin occur also by AMPK-independent mechanisms.To study the action of metformin on expression of GLUT1 glucose transporter in rat streptozotocin model of diabetes mellitus.Streptozotocin-induced rats were treated with metformin while monitoring parameters of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. GLUT1 mRNA and protein expression in kidneys, heart, liver and muscles were studied by means of real time quantitative RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry correspondingly.Metformin treatment decreased glucose concentration, glycated h…
Activity of Thigh Muscles During Static and Dynamic Stances in Stroke Patients: A Pilot Case-Control Study
2014
Impaired postural control is a key characteristic of mobility problems in stroke patients and has great impact on the incidence of falls and on the level of independence in activities of daily living. The role played by the thigh muscles in balance impairment in stroke patients has not been sufficiently investigated. This study investigated the activities of the thigh muscles in stroke patients during standing balance manipulations.Ten stroke patients and 15 healthy subjects performed 5 upright standing tasks on a force platform: normal standing with eyes open, normal standing with eyes closed, feet together, semi-tandem standing, and a dynamic measurement along a predefined route. The post…
The influence of wearing ski-boots with different rigidity characteristics on postural control
2018
External supports that reduce ankle joint mobility such as ski-boots can impair postural control of healthy participants. Although this disruptive effect has been attributed to the rigidity of the external supports, the results remained controversial and no study has been conducted in order to evaluate the influence of ski-boots rigidity. Hence, the question about the influence of ankle support rigidity on postural control remains open. This study was therefore undertaken in order to investigate the effect of ski-boots rigidity on postural control. Ten healthy active participants were recruited. The wearing of soft and rigid ski-boots was compared to barefoot while standing on a seesaw gene…
Achilles tendon length changes during walking in long-term diabetes patients
2010
Diabetes leads to numerous side effects, including an increased density of collagen fibrils and thickening of the Achilles tendon. This may increase tissue stiffness and could affect stretch distribution between muscle and tendinous tissues during walking. The primary aim of this study was to examine stretch distribution between muscle and tendinous tissues in the medial gastrocnemius muscle-tendon unit in long-term diabetes patients and control subjects during walking.Achilles tendon length changes were investigated in 13 non-neuropathic diabetes patients and 12 controls, whilst walking at a self selected speed across a 10 m force platform. Electromyographic activity was recorded in the me…
Anatomical and procedural features associated with aortic root rupture during balloon-expandable transcatheter aortic valve replacement
2013
Background— Aortic root rupture is a major concern with balloon-expandable transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). We sought to identify predictors of aortic root rupture during balloon-expandable TAVR by using multidetector computed tomography. Methods and Results— Thirty-one consecutive patients who experienced left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT)/annular/aortic contained/noncontained rupture during TAVR were collected from 16 centers. A caliper-matched sample of 31 consecutive patients without annular rupture, who underwent pre-TAVR multidetector computed tomography served as a control group. Multidetector computed tomography assessment included short- and long-axis diameters an…
Is Autophagy Altered in the Leukocytes of Type 2 Diabetic Patients?
2015
It is unknown whether autophagy is altered in the leukocytes of type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients and whether oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stresses regulate this mechanism. We studied anthropometric and metabolic parameters and evaluated oxidative stress, chromatin condensation, ER stress, and autophagy parameters in leukocytes of 103 T2D patients versus 109 sex- and age-matched controls. Patients showed increases in glucose, insulin, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance, and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) compared with controls (p < 0.001). Leukocytes displayed enhanced total and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS), reduced mitochondrial mass, and increased chro…
TFOS DEWS II Sex, Gender, and Hormones Report
2017
One of the most compelling features of dry eye disease (DED) is that it occurs more frequently in women than men. In fact, the female sex is a significant risk factor for the development of DED. This sex-related difference in DED prevalence is attributed in large part to the effects of sex steroids (e.g. androgens, estrogens), hypothalamic-pituitary hormones, glucocorticoids, insulin, insulin-like growth factor 1 and thyroid hormones, as well as to the sex chromosome complement, sex-specific autosomal factors and epigenetics (e.g. microRNAs). In addition to sex, gender also appears to be a risk factor for DED. âGenderâ and âsexâ are words that are often used interchangeably, but the…