Search results for "THICKNESS"
showing 10 items of 307 documents
Can sentinel node biopsy be safely omitted in thin melanoma? Risk factor analysis of 1272 multicenter prospective cases
2019
Background: The indication to sentinel node biopsy (SNB) for thin melanomas (Breslow <1 mm) is still subject to controversies. The aim of this paper is to review all SNB performed for thin melanoma and to analyze factors related to lymphatic metastasis. Moreover, the diagnostic performance of the 5th, 6th, 7th and 8th AJCC classifications for cutaneous melanoma were investigated. Methods: All sentinel node biopsies performed for thin melanomas were selected from a multicentre prospectively-collected database. For each patient the following was collected: age, sex, date of treatment, site of primary melanoma, histopathologic features (Breslow, Clark, number of mitoses/mm2 , presence of ul…
Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns
1991
This report describes the general outline and progress of a multicentre study on risk factors of coronary heart disease and their determinants in children and adolescents. "Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns" comprises a cross-sectional study of 3 to 18-year old subjects in 1980, and follow-up studies in 1983 and 1986 in various parts of Finland, and in 1989 in one of the study areas (Turku). The number of participants in 1980 was 3596 (83.1%) of those invited. In 1983 and 1986 83.2% and 77.8% of them, respectively, participated. The study programme has comprised questionnaire data on, for example, general health and living conditions, physical activity, eating habits, smoking, and psycholo…
Para-perirenal distribution of body fat is associated with reduced glomerular filtration rate regardless of other indices of adiposity in hypertensiv…
2018
Obesity is a well‐known risk factor for the development and progression of chronic kidney disease. Recently, para‐perirenal ultrasonographic fat thickness (PUFT) has shown to correlate with both total and visceral fat better than body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and other indices of obesity. Moreover, a local paracrine and mechanical action of the PUFT on kidney has been described in recent studies. Aim of our study was to assess the relationship between glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and PUFT in comparison with other anthropometric and ultrasonographic indices of adiposity. Two hundred and ninety‐six hypertensive patients were enrolled. PUFT, cutis‐rectis thickness and re…
Materials, Techniques, and Conservation of Historic Stained Glass “Grisailles”
2015
A grisaille is a brown-blackish paint applied onto the inner surface of stained glass to draw the contours and details of the figures and to produce the effect of shades and volumes. Grisailles were traditionally made of finely ground oxides of iron but also of copper, zinc, lead, or manganese mixed with a flux such as lead ground glass and a binder and fixed onto the flat glass by firing. The grisailles have typical layer thickness varying between 10 and 100 µm and are formed by a complex mixture of pigment particles, crystalline, and amorphous reaction compounds, aging, and weathering compounds. The high brilliance, collimation, energy selection, and monochromacity of the SR beam are idea…
Atomic Layer Deposition and Characterization of Erbium Oxide-Doped Zirconium Oxide Thin Films
2010
ZrO 2 films doped with Er 2 O 3 were grown by atomic layer deposition from tris(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-3,5-heptanedionato)erbium, bis(methylcyclopentadienyl)methoxymethylzirconium, and ozone as precursors at 350°C. The erbium content was 1―5 cation %. The films were uniform in thickness. The ZrO 2 :Er 2 O 3 films were crystallized already in the as-deposited state. Upon annealing at 650°C, they were stabilized in the form of cubic or tetragonal polymorph of ZrO 2 . Enhancement in capacitance required intense crystallization that was observed when the film thickness exceeded 4.4 nm. The permittivity of the ZrO 2 :Er 2 O 3 films could reach 31. The capacitors based on the doped ZrO 2 possessed l…
Mechanical characterization of rose bengal and green light crosslinked collagen scaffolds for regenerative medicine
2021
Abstract Collagen is one of the most important biomaterials for tissue engineering approaches. Despite its excellent biocompatibility, it shows the non-negligible disadvantage of poor mechanical stability. Photochemical crosslinking with rose bengal and green light (RGX) is an appropriate method to improve this property. The development of collagen laminates is helpful for further adjustment of the mechanical properties as well as the controlled release of incorporated substances. In this study, we investigate the impact of crosslinking and layering of two different collagen scaffolds on the swelling behavior and mechanical behavior in micro tensile tests to obtain information on its wearin…
Role of top and bottom interfaces of a Pt/Co/AlOx system in Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction, interface perpendicular magnetic anisotropy, and magne…
2017
We investigate the role of top and bottom interfaces in inversion symmetry-breaking Pt/Co/AlOx systems by inserting ultra-thin Cu layers. Wedge-type ultrathin Cu layers (0-0.5 nm) are introduced between Pt/Co or Co/AlOx interfaces. Interface sensitive physical quantities such as the interfacial Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (iDMI) energy density, the interfacial perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (iPMA), and the magneto-optical Kerr effects (MOKE) are systematically measured as a function of Cu-insertion layer thickness. We find that the Cu-insertion layer in the bottom interface (Pt/Co) plays a more important role in iDMI, PMA, and MOKE. In contrast, the top interface (Co/AlOx) noticeab…
Smart composite films of nanometric thickness based on copper-iodine coordination polymers. Toward sensors.
2018
One-pot reactions between CuI and methyl or methyl 2-amino-isonicotinate give rise to the formation of two coordination polymers (CPs) based on double zig-zag Cu2I2 chains. The presence of a NH2 group in the isonicotinate ligand produces different supramolecular interactions affecting the Cu-Cu distances and symmetry of the Cu2I2 chains. These structural variations significantly modulate their physical properties. Thus, both CPs are semiconductors and also show reversible thermo/mechanoluminescence. X-ray diffraction studies carried out under different temperature and pressure conditions in combination with theoretical calculations have been used to rationalize the multi-stimuli-responsive …
A phase-field model for strain localization analysis in softening elastoplastic materials
2019
Abstract The present paper deals with the localization of strains in those structures consisting of materials exhibiting plastic softening response. It is assumed that strain localization develops in a finite thickness band separated from the remaining part of the structure by weak discontinuity surfaces. In view of the small thickness of the band with respect to the dimensions of the structure, the interphase concept is used for the mechanical modeling of the localization phenomenon. We propose a formulation for the quasi-static modeling of strain localization based on a phase-field approach. In this sense, the localization band is smeared over the volume of the structure and a smooth tran…
Coded excitation speeds up the detection of the fundamental flexural guided wave in coated tubes
2016
The fundamental flexural guided wave (FFGW) permits ultrasonic assessment of the wall thickness of solid waveguides, such as tubes or, e.g., long cortical bones. Recently, an optical non-contact method was proposed for ultrasound excitation and detection with the aim of facilitating the FFGW reception by suppressing the interfering modes from the soft coating. This technique suffers from low SNR and requires iterative physical scanning across the source-receiver distance for 2D-FFT analysis. This means that SNR improvement achieved by temporal averaging becomes time-consuming (several minutes) which reduces the applicability of the technique, especially in time-critical applications such as…