Search results for "TLR3"
showing 10 items of 13 documents
1-ethyl-3-(6-methylphenanthridine-8-il) urea modulates TLR3/9 activation and induces selective pro-inflammatory cytokine expression in vitro.
2017
We have previously demonstrated the nucleic acid binding capacity of phenanthridine derivatives (PHTs). Because nucleic acids are potent inducers of innate immune response through Toll-like receptors (TLRs), and because PTHs bear a structural resemblance to commonly used synthetic ligands for TLR7/8, we hypothesized that PHTs could modulate/activate immune response. We found that compound M199 induces secretion of IL-6, IL-8 and TNFα in human PBMCs and inhibits TLR3/9 activation in different cellular systems (PBMCs, HEK293 and THP-1 cell lines).
Association of Toll-like receptors 2, 3, and 4 genes polymorphisms with periapical pathosis risk
2016
Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the role of gene variations of Toll-like receptors (TLR) 2, 3, and 4 on genetic susceptibility to periapical pathosis. Material and Methods: One hundred patients were included in the study and divided into two groups as follows; Control Group (n=50) that have root canal treatment and no periapical lesion, Patient Group (n=50) that have root canal treatment and periapical lesion. TLR2 Arg753Gln, TLR3 (c.1377C/T) and TLR4 Asp299Gly and Thr399Ile polymorphisms were genotyped by using PCR-RFLP. Genotypical analysis of control and patient groups were investigated to disclose whether there is any association between periapical lesions and gene …
Immunogenicity of a Fully Synthetic MUC1 Glycopeptide Antitumor Vaccine Enhanced by Poly(I:C) as a TLR3-Activating Adjuvant.
2017
Fully synthetic MUC1 glycopeptide antitumor vaccines have a precisely specified structure and induce a targeted immune response without suppression of the immune response when using an immunogenic carrier protein. However, tumor-associated aberrantly glycosylated MUC1 glycopeptides are endogenous structures, “self-antigens”, that exhibit only low immunogenicity. To overcome this obstacle, a fully synthetic MUC1 glycopeptide antitumor vaccine was combined with poly(inosinic acid:cytidylic acid), poly(I:C), as a structurally defined Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3)-activating adjuvant. This vaccine preparation elicited extraordinary titers of IgG antibodies which strongly bound human breast cancer…
Toll-like receptors: Expression and involvement in Multiple Myeloma
2010
Multiple Myeloma (MM) cells express and respond to a broad range of TLRs. Accumulating evidences suggest that TLRs act as double-edged sword in MM biology. Indeed, TLR9 or TLR3 ligands could enhance immunity against MM cells or directly induce cell apoptosis, whereas various TLR agonists could induce MM survival, proliferation, and immune escape. This review is focused on the heterogeneous expression and function of TLRs in MM and on the potential implication of TLR ligands of infectious or endogenous origin in MM emergence, resistance, or progression.
Toll-like receptor 3 mediates expression of clusterin/apolipoprotein J in vascular smooth muscle cells stimulated with RNA released from necrotic cel…
2010
Clusterin/Apolipoprotein J is a protein that is upregulated in a broad spectrum of diverse pathological processes. The predominant form is a secreted glycoprotein (sCLU) with cytoprotective and anti-inflammatory properties which shows enhanced expression in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) following aortic injury and in atherosclerotic disease. Recent evidence indicates that during atherosclerosis, Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are activated in vascular cells by endogenous ligands. Here, we analyzed whether CLU expression in VSMC is controlled by TLRs, and stimulated by factors associated with or released by necrotic cells. Activation of TLR3 by the synthetic RNA analogue polyinosinic-polyc…
TLR3-induced activation of mast cells modulates CD8+ T-cell recruitment.
2005
AbstractMast cells play an important role in host defense against various pathogens, but their role in viral infection has not been clarified in detail. dsRNA, synthesized by various types of viruses and mimicked by polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (poly(I:C)) is recognized by Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3). In this study, we demonstrate that poly(I:C) injection in vivo potently stimulates peritoneal mast cells to up-regulate a number of different costimulatory molecules. Therefore, we examined the expression and the functional significance of TLR3 activation in mast cells. Mast cells express TLR3 on the cell surface and intracellularly. After stimulation of mast cells with poly(I:C) and Newcas…
Roflumilast improves corticosteroid resistance COPD bronchial epithelial cells stimulated with toll like receptor 3 agonist
2015
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterised by chronic pulmonary inflammation punctuated by periods of viral exacerbations. Recent evidence suggests that the combination of roflumilast with corticosteroids may improve the compromised anti-inflammatory properties of corticosteroids in COPD. We analyzed differential and combination anti-inflammatory effects of dexamethasone and roflumilast N-oxide in human bronchial epithelial cells (HBECs) stimulated with viral toll like receptor (TLR) agonists. Lung tissue and HBECs were isolated from healthy (n = 15), smokers (n = 12) and smokers with COPD (15). TLR3 expression was measured in lung tissue and in HBECs. IL-8 secretion was …
Activation of the human immune system via toll-like receptors by the oncolytic parvovirus H-1.
2012
This study aimed to investigate the function of toll-like receptors (TLRs) during oncolytic parvovirus H-1 (H-1PV)-induced human immune responses. First, the role of TLRs in the activation of the NFκB transcription factor was characterized; second, the immunologic effects of H-1PV-induced tumor cell lysates (TCL) on human antitumor immune responses were evaluated. A human ex vivo model was used to study immune responses with dendritic cells (DCs). Human embryonic kidney cells (HEK293) transfected to stably express TLRs were used as potential human DC equivalents to further investigate the role of specific TLRs during immune activation. TLR3 and TLR9 were activated by H-1PV infection, which …
Mast cells as rapid innate sensors of cytomegalovirus by TLR3/TRIF signaling-dependent and -independent mechanisms
2014
The succinct metaphor, ‘the immune system's loaded gun', has been used to describe the role of mast cells (MCs) due to their storage of a wide range of potent pro-inflammatory and antimicrobial mediators in secretory granules that can be released almost instantly on demand to fight invaders. Located at host–environment boundaries and equipped with an arsenal of pattern recognition receptors, MCs are destined to be rapid innate sensors of pathogens penetrating endothelial and epithelial surfaces. Although the importance of MCs in antimicrobial and antiparasitic defense has long been appreciated, their role in raising the alarm against viral infections has been noted only recently. Work on cy…
Cancer cell–autonomous contribution of type I interferon signaling to the efficacy of chemotherapy
2014
International audience; The immune system is routinely confronted with cell death resulting from the physiological turnover of renewable tissues, as well as from pathological insults of several types. We hypothesize the existence of a mechanism that allows the immune system to discriminate between physiological and pathological instances of cell death, but the factors that determine whether cellular demise is perceived as a neutral, tolerogenic or immunogenic event remain unclear 1. Infectious insults are accompanied by so-called microbe-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs), i.e., viral or bacterial products that activate immune cells through a panel of pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs)…