Search results for "TOXICITY"

Development of oil cysts after subcutaneous injection of interferon-α and interleukin-2

2006

Cytotoxic effect of As(III) in Caco-2 cells and evaluation of its human intestinal permeability.

2005

Inorganic arsenic has been classified as a carcinogen for humans (Group I). However, its transit across the human intestinal epithelium has not been characterized. Using Caco-2 cells, the thiol-redox balance and apparent permeability coefficients (P(app)) for As(III) in the apical to basolateral (AP-BL) and basolateral to apical (BL-AP) direction were evaluated. After As(III) exposure, GSH-induced synthesis was observed, increasing the GSH/GSSG ratio by elevating the As(III) concentration. The AP-BL permeabilities decreased as the As(III) concentrations increased, indicating the existence of a mediated transport mechanism. The (BL-AP)/(AP-BL) permeability ratios were higher than unity, sugg…

Analysis of the physicochemical properties, cytotoxicity and volumetric changes of AH Plus, MTA Fillapex and TotalFill BC Sealer

2020

Background To evaluate the physicochemical properties and cytotoxicity of AH Plus, MTA Fillapex and TotalFill BC Sealer. Volumetric changes were also evaluating using micro-computed tomography (micro-CT). Material and Methods Radiopacity and flow were evaluated in accordance with the ISO 6876, while setting time was evaluated in accordance with the ASTM- C266-08 specifications. The release of Ca2+ ions and pH were measured with spectrophotometer and pH meter, respectively, after different time intervals (1h, 3h, 24h, 72h, 168h, and 360h). Cytotoxicity was evaluated by MTT reduction assay to check 3T3 cells viability at 24, 48 and 72 hours. Volumetric change was evaluated by micro-CT, by usi…

Evaluation of changes in ion release and biological properties of NeoMTA‐Plus and Endocem‐MTA exposed to an acidic environment

2018

AIM To analyse in vitro changes in ion release and biological properties of Endocem-MTA (Maruchi, Wonju, Korea) and NeoMTA-Plus (Avalon Biomed Inc, Bradenton, FL, USA) exposed to acidic or neutral environment on human dental periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs). METHODOLOGY Cell viability and wound healing assays were performed using eluates of each material. Cell death and changes in phenotype induced by the set endodontic sealer eluates were evaluated through flow cytometry. To evaluate cell attachment to the different materials, hPDLSCs were directly seeded onto the material surfaces and analysed by scanning electron microscopy. The chemical composition of the materials was determin…

Positive Iron Balance in Chronic Kidney Disease: How Much is Too Much and How to Tell?

2017

<b><i>Background:</i></b> Regulation of body iron occurs at cellular, tissue, and systemic levels. In healthy individuals, iron absorption and losses are minimal, creating a virtually closed system. In the setting of chronic kidney disease and hemodialysis (HD), increased iron losses, reduced iron absorption, and limited iron availability lead to iron deficiency. Intravenous (IV) iron therapy is frequently prescribed to replace lost iron, but determining an individual’s iron balance and stores can be challenging and imprecise, contributing to uncertainty about the long-term safety of IV iron therapy. <b><i>Summary:</i></b> Patients on HD recei…

Artemisinin derivatives induce iron-dependent cell death (ferroptosis) in tumor cells

2015

Abstract Background Apoptosis and other forms of cell death have been intensively investigated in the past years to explain the mode of action of synthetic anticancer drugs and natural products. Recently, a new form of cell death emerged, which was termed ferroptosis, because it depends on intracellular iron. Here, the role of genes involved in iron metabolism and homeostasis for the cytotoxicity of ten artemisinin derivatives have been systematically investigated. Material and methods Log10IC50 values of 10 artemisinin derivatives (artesunate, artemether, arteether, artenimol, artemisitene, arteanuin B, another monomeric artemisinin derivative and three artemisinin dimer molecules) were co…

Generation of Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes Against Ly Alloantigen

2008

Cytotoxic T lymphocytes specific for immune alloantigens controlled by alleles of the Ly system have been induced in vivo. These results were obtained either in a secondary type of response or by treating mice before immunization with a single dose of cyclophosphamide (80 mg/kg).

Carbon ions and X‑rays induce pro‑inflammatory effects in 3D oral mucosa models with and without PBMCs.

2014

Oral mucositis is a severe complication of radiotherapy. Hence, it may constitute a serious medical safety risk for astronauts during extended space flights, such as missions to Mars, during which they are exposed to heavy-ion irradiation. For risk assessment of developing radiation-induced mucositis, a three-dimensional (3D) organotypic oral mucosa model was irradiated with 12C heavy ions or X‑rays. The present study focused mainly on early radiation‑induced effects, such as the activation of nuclear factor κB (NFκB) and the expression or release of pro-inflammatory marker molecules. The 3D oral mucosa models with or without peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were irradiated with X…

The Influence of Adalimumab and Cyclosporine A on the Expression Profile of the Genes Related to TGFβ Signaling Pathways in Keratinocyte Cells Treate…

2020

Background. In the treatment of moderate to severe psoriasis, cyclosporine A (CsA) conventional therapy is used and biological, anti-cytokine treatment using, for example, anti-TNF drug—adalimumab. Aim. This study aimed at investigating the effect of CsA and adalimumab on the profile of mRNAs and protein expression associated with transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) pathways in human keratinocyte (HaCaT) culture previously exposed to lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Materials and Methods. HaCaT culture was exposed to 1 ng/ml LPS for 8 hours+8 μg/ml adalimumab for 2, 8, and 24 hours or 1 ng/ml LPS for 8 hours+100 ng/ml CsA for 2, 8, and 24 hours and compared to the control culture. Sulphorodamine B…

Potential Antipsoriatic Avarol Derivatives as Antioxidants and Inhibitors of PGE2 Generation and Proliferation in the HaCaT Cell Line

2004

The synthesis and structure-activity relationships for a series of 14 new avarol derivatives as antioxidants and inhibitors of cell proliferation and PGE(2) generation in human keratinocytes are described. Compound 6 (thiosalicylic derivative) was the most potent inhibitor of superoxide generation in human neutrophils and also potently inhibited PGE(2) generation in the human keratinocyte HaCaT cell line. Compound 7(3'-methylaminoavarone) presented the best antiproliferative profile, by the inhibition of (3)H-thymidine incorporation in HaCaT cells, with potency similar to the reference compound anthralin. None of the avarol derivatives showed any sign of cytotoxicity measured as LDH release…