Search results for "TRES"

Do ventilatory parameters influence outcome in patients with severe acute respiratory infection? Secondary analysis of an international, multicentre1…

2021

Purpose: To investigate the possible association between ventilatory settings on the first day of invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) and mortality in patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) with severe acute respiratory infection (SARI). Materials and methods: In this pre-planned sub-study of a prospective, multicentre observational study, 441 patients with SARI who received controlled IMV during the ICU stay were included in the analysis. Results: ICU and hospital mortality rates were 23.1 and 28.1%, respectively. In multivariable analysis, tidal volume and respiratory rate on the first day of IMV were not associated with an increased risk of death; however, higher driving pr…

Mechanical ventilation parameters in critically ill COVID-19 patients: a scoping review

2021

Abstract Background The mortality of critically ill patients with COVID-19 is high, particularly among those receiving mechanical ventilation (MV). Despite the high number of patients treated worldwide, data on respiratory mechanics are currently scarce and the optimal setting of MV remains to be defined. This scoping review aims to provide an overview of available data about respiratory mechanics, gas exchange and MV settings in patients admitted to intensive care units (ICUs) for COVID-19-associated acute respiratory failure, and to identify knowledge gaps. Main text PubMed, EMBASE, and MEDLINE databases were searched from inception to October 30, 2020 for studies providing at least one v…

Experimental lung injury induces cerebral cytokine mRNA production in pigs

2020

Background Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is an important disease with a high incidence among patients admitted to intensive care units. Over the last decades, the survival of critically ill patients has improved; however, cognitive deficits are among the long-term sequelae. We hypothesize that acute lung injury leads to upregulation of cerebral cytokine synthesis. Methods After approval of the institutional and animal care committee, 20 male pigs were randomized to one of three groups: (1) Lung injury by oleic acid injection (OAI), (2) ventilation only (CTR) or (3) untreated. We compared neuronal numbers, proportion of neurons with markers for apoptosis, activation state of Ib…

Hyperoxemia and excess oxygen use in early acute respiratory distress syndrome: Insights from the LUNG SAFE study

2020

Abstract Background Concerns exist regarding the prevalence and impact of unnecessary oxygen use in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). We examined this issue in patients with ARDS enrolled in the Large observational study to UNderstand the Global impact of Severe Acute respiratory FailurE (LUNG SAFE) study. Methods In this secondary analysis of the LUNG SAFE study, we wished to determine the prevalence and the outcomes associated with hyperoxemia on day 1, sustained hyperoxemia, and excessive oxygen use in patients with early ARDS. Patients who fulfilled criteria of ARDS on day 1 and day 2 of acute hypoxemic respiratory failure were categorized based on the presence o…

Cabbage and fermented vegetables: from death rate heterogeneity in countries to candidates for mitigation strategies of severe COVID-19

2021

International audience; Large differences in COVID-19 death rates exist between countries and between regions of the same country. Some very low death rate countries such as Eastern Asia, Central Europe, or the Balkans have a common feature of eating large quantities of fermented foods. Although biases exist when examining ecological studies, fermented vegetables or cabbage have been associated with low death rates in European countries. SARS-CoV-2 binds to its receptor, the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). As a result of SARS-CoV-2 binding, ACE2 downregulation enhances the angiotensin II receptor type 1 (AT1 R) axis associated with oxidative stress. This leads to insulin resistance …

Study of molecular mechanisms of stress response in Oenococcus oeni and implementation of tools for the functional exploration of enological genes

2015

O. oeni is responsible for wine malolactic fermentation. As any organism, O. oeni tries to adapt its physiology to environmental fluctuations by producing Hsp proteins encoded by the hsp genes. In O. oeni, CtsR is currently the only regulator of hsp genes. As an alternative to the lack of genetic tool, with the goal of understanding the mechanisms of O. oeni stress response, we developed a new expression vector, the pSIPSYN, to produce antisense RNA targeting of hsp18 mRNA. The synthesis of hsp18 asRNA leads to the decrease in the protein level of Lo18 and induced a loss of cultivability after heat or acid shock showing for the first time in vivo involvement of Lo18 in thermotolerance and a…

The Influence of the COVID‑19 Pandemic Emergency on Alcohol Use: A Focus on a Cohort of Sicilian Workers

2023

The period between the beginning and the end of the COVID-19 pandemic emergency generated a general state of stress, affecting both the mental state and physical well-being of the general population. Stress is the body’s reaction to events or stimuli perceived as potentially harmful or distressing. Particularly when prolonged over time, it can promote the consumption of different psychotropic substances such as alcohol, and thus the genesis of various pathologies. Therefore, our research aimed to evaluate the differences in alcohol consumption in a cohort of 640 video workers who carried out activities in smart working, subjects particularly exposed to stressful situations due to the string…

Autonomy and Relatedness in Mother-adolescent Relationship and Parenting Stress.

2008

Genetic Engineering Strategies for Abiotic Stress Tolerance in Plants

2015

Crop plants are affected by a variety of abiotic stresses such as salinity, drought, extreme temperatures, and oxidative stress and cause a significant yield loss (more than 50 %). In the near future, these abiotic stresses might increase because of global climate change. Abiotic stresses lead to dehydration or osmotic stress through reduced availability of water for vital cellular functions and maintenance of turgor pressure and also result in high production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Plants are evolved with various mechanisms such as changes in cellular and metabolic processes to cope with the stress condition. Recent developments in molecular genetics have contributed greatly to …

Modelling temperature-dependent dynamics of single and mixed infections in a plant virus

2022

Multiple viral infection is an important issue in health and agriculture with strong impacts on society and the economy. Several investigations have dealt with the population dynamics of viruses with different dynamic properties, focusing on strain competition during multiple infections and the effects on viruses’ hosts. Recent interest has been on how multiple infections respond to abiotic factors such as temperature (T). This is especially important in the case of plant pathogens, whose dynamics could be affected significantly by global warming. However, few mathematical models incorporate the effect of T on parasite fitness, especially in mixed infections. Here, we investigate simple mat…