Search results for "TUBERCULOSIS"

Features in tubercular meningoencephalitis diagnosis: 18 childhood cases

2008

The aim of this research is to illustrate clinical and instrumental features of central nervous system tuberculosis (CNS-TB) in childhood in order to allow prompt diagnosis and adequate patient management. TB remains one of the most important communicable diseases and represents a major global health problem. Although pulmonary TB tends to be the most common form of the disease, the highest mortality and morbidity occurs with TB of the central nervous system (CNS-TB), which develops in 4% of children with tuberculosis. It has a high fatality rate and causes serious sequelae, especially during childhood. CT and MR imaging studies of 18 patients (11 female, 7 male, mean age 45.72 months) were…

Gelation behavior of 5-chloro-8-hydroxyquinoline, an antituberculosis agent, in aqueous alcohol solutions

2012

It was shown that 5-chloro-8-hydroxyquinoline, an antituberculosis agent, gels aqueous alcohol solutions efficiently. Thermal stability and gel-to-sol transition temperature of 1% gel in CD3OD/D2O (2:1) was studied by 1H-NMR. Fibrous structures of four xerogels have been characterized by scanning electron microscope. peerReviewed

Human CD8 T lymphocytes recognize Mycobacterium tuberculosis antigens presented by HLA-E during active tuberculosis and express type 2 cytokines

2015

CD8 T cells contribute to protective immunity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. In humans, M. tuberculosis reactive CD8 T cells typically recognize peptides associated to classical MHC class Ia molecules, but little information is available on CD8 T cells recognizing M. tuberculosis Ags presented by nonclassical MHC class Ib molecules. We show here that CD8 T cells from tuberculosis (TB) patients recognize HLA-E-binding M. tuberculosis peptides in a CD3/TCR αβ mediated and CD8-dependent manner, and represent an additional type of effector cells playing a role in immune response to M. tuberculosis during active infection. HLA-E-restricted recognition of M. tuberculosis peptides is detectab…

Sequence diversity in the pe_pgrs genes of Mycobacterium tuberculosis is independent of human T cell recognition.

2014

ABSTRACT The Mycobacterium tuberculosis genome includes the large family of pe_pgrs genes, whose functions are unknown. Because of precedents in other pathogens in which gene families showing high sequence variation are involved in antigenic variation, a similar role has been proposed for the pe_pgrs genes. However, the impact of immune selection on pe_pgrs genes has not been examined. Here, we sequenced 27 pe_pgrs genes in 94 clinical strains from five phylogenetic lineages of the M. tuberculosis complex (MTBC). We found that pe_pgrs genes were overall more diverse than the remainder of the MTBC genome, but individual members of the family varied widely in their nucleotide diversity and in…

Genome-based in silico identification of new Mycobacterium tuberculosis antigens activating polyfunctional CD8+ T cells in human tuberculosis.

2011

Although CD8(+) T cells help control Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection, their M. tuberculosis Ag repertoire, in vivo frequency, and functionality in human tuberculosis (TB) remains largely undefined. We have performed genome-based bioinformatics searches to identify new M. tuberculosis epitopes presented by major HLA class I supertypes A2, A3, and B7 (covering 80% of the human population). A total of 432 M. tuberculosis peptides predicted to bind to HLA-A*0201, HLA-A*0301, and HLA-B*0702 (representing the above supertypes) were synthesized and HLA-binding affinities determined. Peptide-specific CD8(+) T cell proliferation assays (CFSE dilution) in 41 M. tuberculosis-responsive donors ide…

A case of disseminated BCG infection in a daughter of Italian immigrants in Switzerland

2022

Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) is a vaccine against tuberculosis and contains a live, attenuated strain of Mycobacterium bovis as its essential constituent. Being a live, attenuated strain with potential pathogenicity, BCG can cause different complications, both near the inoculation site and through blood dissemination, especially in patients with immunodeficiency. IFN-γR1 deficiency is an autosomal recessively inherited immunodeficiency characterized by predisposition to infections with intracellular pathogens, in particular mycobacteria.
 We report a rare case of chronic osteomyelitis lasting 30 years due to BCG in a woman with IFN-γR1 deficiency who had previous clinical history of …

Splenic tuberculosis in a patient with Crohn's disease on infliximab: Case report

2010

HLA-E-restricted CD8+ T lymphocytes as a new player in the adaptive immune response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Performance characteristics of the new Abbott Real Time MTB assay for detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex in respiratory specimens

2015

The performance of the Abbott Real Time MTB assay for detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex in respiratory specimens was evaluated using a standard culture as the reference. The overall concordance between both methods was 0.95. The assay displayed an excellent sensitivity (100% for smear-positive/92.3% for smear-negative specimens) and specificity (100%).

Mycobacterium tuberculosiscomplex lineage 5 exhibits high levels of within-lineage genomic diversity and differing gene content compared to the type …

2020

AbstractPathogens of theMycobacterium tuberculosiscomplex (MTBC) are considered monomorphic, with little gene content variation between strains. Nevertheless, several genotypic and phenotypic factors separate the different MTBC lineages (L), especially L5 and L6 (traditionally termedMycobacterium africanum), from each other. However, genome variability and gene content especially of L5 and L6 strains have not been fully explored and may be potentially important for pathobiology and current approaches for genomic analysis of MTBC isolates, including transmission studies.We compared the genomes of 358 L5 clinical isolates (including 3 completed genomes and 355 Illumina WGS (whole genome seque…