Search results for "TUBULIN"
showing 10 items of 116 documents
γ-Tubulin in Barley and Tobacco: Sequence Relationship and RNA Expression Patterns in Developing Leaves during Mitosis and Post-Mitotic Growth
2002
gamma-Tubulin is typically associated with microtubule organising centres, such as the centrosome, and appears to mediate microtubule nucleation. Centrosomes are usually not found in higher plants, but active genes homologous to gamma-tubulin have been identified in the plant kingdom, including the angiosperms Arabidopsis, maize and rice. We have isolated and characterised gamma-tubulin cDNA sequences of two further angiosperm species, barley and tobacco. Sequence comparison revealed a phylogenetic tree with distinct clusters corresponding to the systematic position of the species. Furthermore, domains, thought to be exposed in the folded protein and to be candidates for interaction with as…
Synthesis of N-acyl Derivatives of Aminocombretastatin A-4 and Study of their Interaction with Tubulin and Downregulation of c-Myc.
2021
11 p.-9 fig.-4 tab.
In silico characterization of the neural alpha tubulin gene promoter of the sea urchin embryo Paracentrotus lividus by phylogenetic footprinting
2011
During Paracentrotus lividus sea urchin embryo development one alpha and one beta tubulin genes are expressed specifically in the neural cells and they are early end output of the gene regulatory network that specifies the neural commitment. In this paper we have used a comparative genomics approach to identify con- served regulatory elements in the P. lividus neural alpha tubulin gene. To this purpose, we have first isolated a genomic clone containing the entire gene plus 4.5 Kb of 5 0 upstream sequences. Then, we have shown by gene transfer experiments that its non-coding region drives the spatio- temporal gene expression corresponding substantially to that of the endogenous gene. In addi…
The p21-activated kinase Mbt is a component of the apical protein complex in central brain neuroblasts and controls cell proliferation
2013
The final size of the central nervous system is determined by precisely controlled generation, proliferation and death of neural stem cells. We show here that the Drosophila PAK protein Mushroom bodies tiny (Mbt) is expressed in central brain progenitor cells (neuroblasts) and becomes enriched to the apical cortex of neuroblasts in a cell cycle- and Cdc42-dependent manner. Using mushroom body neuroblasts as a model system, we demonstrate that in the absence of Mbt function, neuroblasts and their progeny are correctly specified and are able to generate different neuron subclasses as in the wild type, but are impaired in their proliferation activity throughout development. In general, loss of…
Applications of Super Resolution Expansion Microscopy in Yeast
2021
Super-resolution microscopy includes multiple techniques in optical microscopy that enable sub-diffraction resolution fluorescence imaging of cellular structures. Expansion microscopy (EXM) is a method of physical expansion to obtain super-resolution images of a biological sample on conventional microscopy. We present images of yeast organelles, applying the combination of super-resolution and ExM techniques. When preparing pre-expanded samples, conventional methods lead to breakage of dividing yeast cells and difficulties in studying division-related proteins. Here, we describe an improved sample preparation technique that avoids such damage. ExM in combination with Airyscan and structured…
Characterization of five fungal endophytes producing Cajaninstilbene acid isolated from pigeon pea [Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp].
2011
Five fungal endophytes (K4, K5, K6, K9, K14) producing Cajaninstilbene acid (CSA, 3-hydroxy-4-prenyl-5-methoxystilbene-2-carboxylic acid) were isolated from the roots of pigeon pea [Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.]. CSA is responsible for the prominent pharmacological activities in pigeon pea. The amount of CSA in culture solution varied among the five fungal endophytes. K4 produced the highest levels of CSA (1037.13 µg/L) among the endophytes tested after incubation for five days. Both morphological characteristics and molecular methods were used for species identification of fungal endophytes. The five endophytic isolates were characterized by analyzing the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) rR…
Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of thiophene analogues of chalcones.
2008
Chalcones are characterized by possessing an enone moiety between two aromatic rings. A series of chalcone-like agents, in which the double bond of the enone system is embedded within a thiophene ring, were synthesized and evaluated for antiproliferative activity and inhibition of tubulin assembly and colchicine binding to tubulin. The replacement of the double bond with a thiophene maintains antiproliferative activity and therefore must not significantly alter the relative conformation of the two aryl rings. The synthesized compounds were found to inhibit the growth of several cancer cell lines at nanomolar to low micromolar concentrations. In general, all compounds having significant anti…
TTAS a New Stilbene Derivative that Induces Apoptosis in Leishmania Infantum
2012
Leishmania parasites are able to undergo apoptosis (programmed cell death), similarly to mammalian cells. Recently it was demonstrated in vitro the anti-leishmanial effect of some natural and synthetic stilbenoids including resveratrol and piceatannol. In this study we evaluated the Leishmanicidal activity of a pool of stilbene derivatives which had previously shown high apoptotic efficacy against neoplastic cells. All the compounds tested were capable to decrease the parasite viability in a dose-dependent manner. Trans-stilbenes proved to be markedly more effective than cis-isomers. This was different from that observed in tumor cells in which cis-stilbenes were more potent cytotoxic agent…
DNA sequence and pattern of expression of the sea urchin (Paracentrotus lividus) alpha-tubulin genes.
1989
To study the molecular aspects of the regulation of transcription of a multigene family, we have isolated and sequenced cDNA and genomic clones coding for the alpha-tubulin of the sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus. Two cDNA clones, P alpha 10 and P alpha 4, contain respectively the coding information for 391 C-terminal and for 338 N-terminal amino acids of the 452 residues that constitute the complete protein. They show silent nucleotide substitutions only, suggesting that P alpha 10 and P alpha 4 represent the cloned copies of two allelic gene transcripts, which encode for two alpha-tubulin isoforms with identical amino acid sequence in the region of the overlap. The comparison of the predi…
Tubulin gene expression persists during all changes in microtubular arrays related to cell shaping in growing barley leaves
1998
Summary Levels of α-tubulin RNA were determined in consecutive leaf segments taken along young, growing barley leaves by Northern blotting. The leaves exhibited a developmental gradient typical of graminaceous species ranging from a meristem at the base to fully differentiated cells at the tip. The objective was to ascertain whether or not high steady-state tubulin RNA levels accompany characteristic changes in microtubular arrays known to occur during cell division and differentiation. Of particular interest was the differentiation zone comprising a succession of well defined changes in microtubular arrays that appear to be involved in the control of cell shaping. High steady-state levels …