Search results for "Techniques"
showing 10 items of 4426 documents
Variations spatiales et temporelles de communautés adventices des cultures annuelles en France
2010
Résumé de thèse; National audience
Raisonnement des pratiques et des changements de pratiques en matière de désherbage : regards agronomique et sociologique à partir d’enquêtes chez de…
2008
To ensure successful, more sustainable weed management practices, it is crucial to take account of farmer’s decision-making processes. Agronomists revealed that interviewed farmers had complex and various weeding programmes, and that, when designing these programmes, they integrated different time scales: the current year, the rotation, and the long term. They gave some light, too, on the decision-making processes and how it changes over time. Sociologists analyzed the way wine-growers bring about change from the cognitive angle and its bearing on interactive dialogue between the wine-growers themselves as well as with technical advisors
PPHD: une plateforme pour le phenotypage a haut debit
2012
International audience; The methodologies for genotyping and high throughput automated platforms for the production of type-omics (genomics, transcriptomics, protected omics ...) have greatly increased over the last few years and are now available to analyze the expression of genes of plants in several environmental conditions. However, a break of conceptual and technical services, non-destructive characterization and dynamic phenotypes, at the organ or plarite, has hundreds of related genotypes (Broadband) remains the limiting factor for the discovery of new characters or new varieties. This systematic exploration of diversity. Genetics within a species or between species requires platform…
Predicting spread patterns of centrifugal fertiliser spreaders
2014
International audience; Nowadays farmers recognize the importance of a correct and precise fertiliser application: non-uniform spread patterns cause extra pressure on the environment and might result in economic losses for the farmer. In Europe most spreading is done by centrifugal fertilizer spreaders but their spreading process is not easy to monitor and to control. To perform a precise fertilising farmers need proper tools to determine and evaluate the spread pattern at farm level. Therefore the Flemish Institute for Agricultural and Fisheries Research (ILVO) is exploring and developing a fast and accurate technique for measuring the spread pattern of conventional centrifugal spreaders. …
Rapid odorant release in mammalian odour binding proteins facilitates their temporal coupling to odorant signals.
2010
; We have measured the effect of rat odorant-binding protein 1 on the rates of ligand uptake and liquid-to-air transfer rates with a set of defined odorous compounds. Comparison of observed rate constants (k(obs)) with data simulated over a wide range of different kinetic and thermodynamic regimes shows that the data do not agree with the previously held view of a slow off-rate regime (k(off) <0.0004 s(-1)). We propose that a rapid koff would be a necessary requirement for such a system, since slow odorant-release rates would result in significant decorrelation between the olfactory world and odour perception. (c) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
In vivo and in vitro sensitivity of blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm to SL-401, an interleukin-3 receptor targeted biologic agent.
2015
International audience; Blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm is an aggressive malignancy derived from plasmacytoid dendritic cells. There is currently no accepted standard of care for treating this neoplasm, and therapeutic strategies have never been prospectively evaluated. Since blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm cells express high levels of interleukin-3 receptor α chain (IL3-Rα or CD123), antitumor effects of the interleukin-3 receptor-targeted drug SL-401 against blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm were evaluated in vitro and in vivo. The cytotoxicity of SL-401 was assessed in patient-derived blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm cell lines (CAL-1 and …
Travail du sol et mauvaises herbes: quels enjeux pour les techniques culturales sans labour dans le cadre d'une gestion intégrée ?
2009
National audience; Le travail du sol (labour superficiel ou profond) constitue encore aujourd’hui la base de la mise en place des cultures dans une grande majorité des parcelles cultivées en France. Le choix des outils, la date et la fréquence des interventions sont dictés par un certain nombre de règles de décision liées à la parcelle (type de substrat) et au système de culture. La présence de composantes biologiques (mauvaises herbes, limaces, micromammifères) ou la présence de résidus végétaux peuvent aussi influer sur les choix de l’agriculteur. Même si un travail du sol n’est pas nécessairement dirigé contre la flore en place, il perturbera obligatoirement la communauté adventice en él…
Travail du sol et couverts : quels effets sur les adventices ?
2019
Prod 2019-155 EA GESTAD INRA; En grandes cultures, réduire l’usage des herbicides sans perte inacceptable de rendement implique de maîtriser la flore adventice en faisant jouer diverses méthodes. Parmi elles, les couverts végétaux (à l’interculture ou durant la culture) et le mode de gestion du sol peuvent avoir une influence et interagir. Dans le cadre du projet ANR CoSAC, les résultats d’essais préexistants (essais systèmes factoriels annuels, factoriels de longue durée) ont été réanalysés pour évaluer les effets des facteurs « couverts » et « travail du sol ». La présence et le type de couvert jouent un rôle sur les adventices et repousses durant la période de présence du couvert. Leur i…
Identification and diagnosis of patients with familial chylomicronaemia syndrome (FCS): Expert panel recommendations and proposal of an "FCS score".
2018
Familial chylomicronaemia syndrome (FCS) is a rare, inherited disorder characterised by impaired clearance of triglyceride (TG)-rich lipoproteins from plasma, leading to severe hypertriglyceridaemia (HTG) and a markedly increased risk of acute pancreatitis. It is due to the lack of lipoprotein lipase (LPL) function, resulting from recessive loss of function mutations in the genes coding LPL or its modulators. A large overlap in the phenotype between FCS and multifactorial chylomicronaemia syndrome (MCS) contributes to the inconsistency in how patients are diagnosed and managed worldwide, whereas the incidence of acute hypertriglyceridaemic pancreatitis is more frequent in FCS. A panel of Eu…
Interactions in the network of Usher syndrome type 1 proteins
2004
International audience; Defects in myosin VIIa, harmonin (a PDZ domain protein), cadherin 23, protocadherin 15 and sans (a putative scaffolding protein), underlie five forms of Usher syndrome type I (USH1). Mouse mutants for all these proteins exhibit disorganization of their hair bundle, which is the mechanotransduction receptive structure of the inner ear sensory cells, the cochlear and vestibular hair cells. We have previously demonstrated that harmonin interacts with cadherin 23 and myosin VIIa. Here we address the extent of interactions between the five known USH1 proteins. We establish the previously suggested sans-harmonin interaction and find that sans also binds to myosin VIIa. We …