Search results for "Techniques"

showing 10 items of 4426 documents

Comparative study of the rat uterine smooth muscle relaxant activity of three bisbenzyltetrahydroisoquinolines with tetrandrine

1993

Abstract The relaxant activity of three bisbenzyltetrahydroisoquinolines—obaberine, popisonine and lindoldhamine—was examined in rat isolated uterus and their inhibitory potencies were compared with that of tetrandrine. All alkaloids tested relaxed KCl-depolarized rat uterus and totally or partially inhibited oxytocin-induced rhythmic contractions. The degree of methylation of the free phenolic hydroxy groups and the loss of one diarylether bridge influence the potency of relaxant action of these alkaloids. Only alkaloids with absolute configuration 1R,1′S or 1R1′R acted intracellularly, promoting relaxation of contractile responses induced by oxytocin or vanadate in a Ca2+-free medium.

medicine.medical_specialtyMuscle RelaxationUterusPharmaceutical Sciencechemistry.chemical_elementIn Vitro TechniquesBiologyCalciumOxytocinBenzylisoquinolinesUterine contractionStructure-Activity RelationshipUterine Contractionchemistry.chemical_compoundAlkaloidsInternal medicinemedicineAnimalsVanadateRats WistarPharmacologyAlkaloidUterusMuscle SmoothCalcium Channel BlockersIsoquinolinesRatsTetrandrinemedicine.anatomical_structureMuscle relaxationEndocrinologyOxytocinchemistryPotassiumCalciumFemaleVanadatesmedicine.symptommedicine.drugJournal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology
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Mechanisms of C-reactive protein-induced blood-brain barrier disruption.

2009

Background and Purpose— Increased mortality after stroke is associated with brain edema formation and high plasma levels of the acute phase reactant C-reactive protein (CRP). The aim of this study was to examine whether CRP directly affects blood–brain barrier stability and to analyze the underlying signaling pathways. Methods— We used a cell coculture model of the blood–brain barrier and the guinea pig isolated whole brain preparation. Results— We could show that CRP at clinically relevant concentrations (10 to 20 μg/mL) causes a disruption of the blood–brain barrier in both approaches. The results of our study further demonstrate CRP-induced activation of surface Fcγ receptors CD16/32 fo…

medicine.medical_specialtyMyosin light-chain kinaseMyosin Light ChainsGuinea PigsBrain Edemamedicine.disease_causeBlood–brain barrierp38 Mitogen-Activated Protein KinasesMyosin light chain kinase activityTight JunctionsInternal medicineMyosinmedicineAnimalsPhosphorylationReceptorCells CulturedAdvanced and Specialized Nursingbusiness.industryReceptors IgGCoculture TechniquesCell biologyRatsStrokeEndocrinologymedicine.anatomical_structureC-Reactive ProteinBlood-Brain BarrierPhosphorylationNeurology (clinical)Endothelium VascularSignal transductionCardiology and Cardiovascular MedicinebusinessReactive Oxygen SpeciesOxidative stressSignal TransductionStroke
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Molecular typing of Candida albicans isolates from patients and health care workers in a neonatal intensive care unit

2011

Aims:  The aim of this study was to investigate the genetic relatedness between Candida albicans isolates and to assess their nosocomial origin and the likeliness of cross-transmission between health care workers (HCWs) and hospitalized neonates in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Methods:  We retrospectively analysed 82 isolates obtained from 40 neonates and seven isolates from onychomycosis of the fingers of five HCWs in a Tunisian NICU by using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis with CA1 and CA2 as primers. Results:  In RAPD analysis, the discriminatory power (DP) of CA1 and CA2 primers was 0·86 and 0·81, respectively. A h…

medicine.medical_specialtyNeonatal intensive care unitbiologyIncidence (epidemiology)Fungal geneticsGeneral Medicinebiology.organism_classificationApplied Microbiology and BiotechnologyMycological Typing TechniquesMicrobiologyRAPDInternal medicineGenotypemedicinePulsed-field gel electrophoresisCandida albicansBiotechnologyJournal of Applied Microbiology
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The neuro-B cell link of peptidergic innervation in the Bursa Fabricii

1991

The Bursa Fabricii, restricted to birds, specifically provides the microenvironment for B-cell maturation. The presence of nerve fibers containing immunopotent neuropeptides in immune organs opens interesting perspectives on the understanding of neuroimmune communication. As an organ for the development of only B-lymphocytes is not known in mammals, the contribution of a peptidergic innervation to the microenvironment of B-cells is not known. Therefore, we studied the peptidergic innervation of the Bursa Fabricii as an organ of B-cell maturation. Four different neuropeptides were found in nerve fibers of the Bursa Fabricii: tachykinins (TK), vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), galanin (GAL…

medicine.medical_specialtyNeuroimmunomodulationCalcitonin Gene-Related PeptideImmunologyVasoactive intestinal peptideNeuropeptideGalaninNerve fiberBiologyCalcitonin gene-related peptideMonocytesImmunoenzyme TechniquesBehavioral NeuroscienceBursa of FabriciusNerve FibersTachykininsInternal medicinemedicineAnimalsGalaninMedullaB cellB-LymphocytesEndocrine and Autonomic SystemsMacrophagesNeuropeptidesCell DifferentiationCell biologyEndocrinologymedicine.anatomical_structurePeripheral nervous systemPeptidesChickensVasoactive Intestinal PeptideBrain, Behavior, and Immunity
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Vertigo and multiple sclerosis: aspects of differential diagnosis.

2002

Equilibrium disorders caused by involvement of brainstem and cerebellar structures are common in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), but peripheral conditions such as benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) can be sometimes confused with those of a central origin. Therefore, an accurate otoneurologic investigation paying attention to differential diagnosis aspects should be performed in these subjects. Among available diagnostic tools, electro-oculography, posturography and vestibular evoked myogenic potentials (VEMPs) are especially suited to assess vestibulo-oculomotor and vestibulospinal systems. This paper briefly describes the most recent otoneurologic diagnostic strategies for …

medicine.medical_specialtyNeurologyBenign paroxysmal positional vertigoMultiple SclerosisVestibular evoked myogenic potentialDiagnostic Techniques NeurologicalDermatologyAudiologyDiagnosis DifferentialVertigootorhinolaryngologic diseasesmedicineEvoked Potentials Auditory Brain StemHumansNeuroradiologyDiagnostic Techniques Otologicalbiologybusiness.industryElectromyographyMultiple sclerosisPosturographyGeneral Medicinebiology.organism_classificationmedicine.diseasePsychiatry and Mental healthVertigoAtaxiasense organsNeurology (clinical)Differential diagnosisbusinessNeurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology
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Fresh cell therapy followed by fatal coma

1986

A 60-year-old woman received a 3-day course of nine injections of “fresh” cells from fetal lamb ovary, placenta, brain (hypothalamus) and liver. There were no immediate complications, but a few days later she developed headache, fever and hemiparesis. She subsequently fell into a coma and died 3 weeks after her fresh cell therapy and 2 weeks after the onset of her clinical symptoms. Autopsy revealed perivenous leucoencephalopathy with a probably steroid-treatment-induced paucity of perivascular inflammation. Fresh cell therapy, clinical symptomatology and morphological findings suggest, though do not prove, that this patient's monophasic and probably immune-mediated disease is a rare and fa…

medicine.medical_specialtyNeurologyCell- and Tissue-Based TherapyImmunoglobulinsOvaryAutopsyImmunoenzyme TechniquesCell therapyPonsPlacentamedicineHumansComaMyelin SheathCerebral CortexComabusiness.industryMacrophagesEncephalomyelitis Acute DisseminatedMiddle AgedSurgeryMicroscopy Electronmedicine.anatomical_structureHemiparesisNeurologyBlood-Brain BarrierAnesthesiaFemaleNeurology (clinical)medicine.symptomComplicationbusinessJournal of Neurology
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Transcranial magnetic resonance-guided focused ultrasound thalamotomy as a safe treatment option in multiple sclerosis patients with essential tremor

2020

Transcranial magnetic resonance-guided focused ultrasound is a recently introduced incisionless treating option for essential tremor and tremor-dominant idiopathic Parkinson disease. There is preliminary evidence that it may result in a promising effective treatment option for other movement disorders too. Here, we report on two patients with multiple sclerosis with medication refractory debilitating essential tremor comorbidity who successfully underwent unilateral Vim tcMRgFUS thalamotomy for tremor control. Patients' clinical condition and expanded disability status scale scores showed no changes during the 1-year follow-up period with no evidence of multiple sclerosis activity or progre…

medicine.medical_specialtyNeurologyMovement disordersMagnetic Resonance SpectroscopyMultiple Sclerosismedicine.medical_treatmentEssential TremorDermatologyStereotaxic Techniques03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicinePhysical medicine and rehabilitationThalamusMultiple SclerosimedicineHumansInterventional Magnetic Resonance Imaging030212 general & internal medicineExpanded Disability Status Scalemedicine.diagnostic_testEssential tremorThalamotomybusiness.industrySettore MED/27 - NeurochirurgiaMultiple sclerosisSettore MED/37 - NeuroradiologiaMagnetic resonance imagingGeneral Medicinemedicine.diseaseMagnetic Resonance Imagingnervous system diseasesPsychiatry and Mental healthTreatment OutcomeStereotaxic techniqueHigh-Intensity Focused Ultrasound AblationSettore MED/26 - NeurologiaNeurology (clinical)medicine.symptombusinessSettore MED/36 - Diagnostica Per Immagini E Radioterapia030217 neurology & neurosurgery
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Beta-adrenoceptor stimulation enhances transmitter output from the rat phrenic nerve.

1988

Abstract 1. Neurally-evoked output of newly synthesized [3H]-acetylcholine from the rat phrenic nerve was measured in the absence of cholinesterase inhibitors. 2. Noradrenaline and isoprenaline enhanced neurally-evoked transmitter output markedly. Moreover, immediately after the application of noradrenaline the basal tritium efflux increased significantly. 3. Pretreatment with propranolol (0.1 mumol l-1) or atenolol (0.3 mumol l-1) completely prevented the stimulatory effect of noradrenaline and isoprenaline on evoked transmitter output. 4. The facilitatory effect of isoprenaline declined, when the exposure time was increased. This observation supports the assumption that beta-adrenoceptors…

medicine.medical_specialtyNeuromuscular transmissionMotor nerveStimulationIn Vitro Techniqueschemistry.chemical_compoundNorepinephrineInternal medicineIsoprenalineReceptors Adrenergic betamedicineAnimalsNeurotransmitterPhrenic nervePharmacologyNeurotransmitter Agentsbusiness.industryIsoproterenolRats Inbred StrainsAtenololPropranololRatsPhrenic NerveEndocrinologymedicine.anatomical_structurechemistryAtenololPeripheral nervous systembusinessmedicine.drugResearch Article
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Viability and function of the cryopreserved whole rat ovary: comparison between slow-freezing and vitrification

2011

Objective To investigate four different protocols for cryopreservation of the whole rat ovary with intact vasculature to evaluate whether differences exist in post-thawing viability of the ovary after either vitrification or slow freezing. Design Experimental study. Setting Obstetrics and gynecology department. Animal(s) Immature Sprague-Dawley female rats. Intervention(s) Ovaries were isolated with the vascular tree intact up to the bifurcation of the abdominal aorta and were subsequently cannulated. The ovaries were flushed with increasing concentrations of the cryoprotectant dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) to either 1.5 or 7 M. The ovaries underwent cryopreservation by vitrification or passive…

medicine.medical_specialtyNeutral redTime FactorsCryoprotectantApoptosisOvaryBiologyCryopreservationRats Sprague-DawleyTissue Culture TechniquesAndrologychemistry.chemical_compoundCryoprotective AgentsOvarian FollicleFreezingFollicular phasemedicineAnimalsDimethyl SulfoxideVitrificationIncubationCryopreservationTissue SurvivalGynecologyDose-Response Relationship DrugEstradiolCaspase 3Dimethyl sulfoxideOvaryFertility PreservationObstetrics and GynecologyOrgan PreservationImmunohistochemistryVitrificationRatsPerfusionmedicine.anatomical_structureReproductive MedicinechemistryFemaleFertility and Sterility
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Presence of muscarinic inhibitory and absence of nicotinic excitatory receptors at the terminal sympathetic nerves of chicken hearts.

1976

Nicotine (2 X 10(-4) M) or acetylcholine (5.5 X 10(-4) M) in the presence of 3 X 10(-6) M atropine did not increase the rate or amplitude of contraction in isolated atria or ventricular strips of the chicken heart; both drugs also did not cause an output of noradrenaline or adrenaline and did not evoke antidromic discharges in the right sympathetic nerves of isolated perfused chicken hearts. In contrast, "high K+-solutions" evoked an output of noradrenaline and adrenaline and caused a burst of antidromic discharges. Dimethylphenylpiperazine (DMPP; 3.1 X 10(-4) M), by a tyramine-like action, elicited a small output of noradrenaline and increased rate and amplitude of contraction" but did not…

medicine.medical_specialtyNicotineSympathetic Nervous SystemEpinephrineTyramineStimulationIn Vitro TechniquesReceptors NicotinicInhibitory postsynaptic potentialNorepinephrineHeart RateInternal medicineMuscarinic acetylcholine receptormedicineAnimalsReceptors CholinergicEvoked PotentialsPharmacologyChemistryMyocardiumHeartGeneral MedicineMyocardial ContractionReceptors MuscarinicAcetylcholineAntidromicAtropineNicotinic agonistEndocrinologyExcitatory postsynaptic potentialCatsPotassiumDimethylphenylpiperazinium IodideChickensAcetylcholinemedicine.drugNaunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology
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