Search results for "Theorem"

showing 10 items of 1250 documents

Time-resolved photoabsorption in finite systems: A first-principles NEGF approach

2016

We describe a first-principles NonEquilibrium Green’s Function (NEGF) approach to time-resolved photoabsortion spectroscopy in atomic and nanoscale systems. The method is used to highlight a recently discovered dynamical correlation effect in the spectrum of a Krypton gas subject to a strong ionizing pump pulse. We propose a minimal model that captures the effect, and study the performance of time-local approximations versus time-nonlocal ones. In particular we implement the time-local Hartree-Fock and Markovian second Born (2B) approximation as well as the exact adiabatic approximation within the Time-Dependent Density Functional Theory framework. For the time-nonlocal approximation we ins…

PhysicsHistorySpectrum (functional analysis)Kryptonchemistry.chemical_elementNon-equilibrium thermodynamicsFunction (mathematics)Settore FIS/03 - Fisica della MateriaComputer Science ApplicationsEducationMinimal modelAdiabatic theoremPhysics and Astronomy (all)finite systemsClassical mechanicsphotoabsorptionchemistryDensity functional theoryStatistical physicsSpectroscopyJournal of Physics: Conference Series
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Ideal bulk pressure of active Brownian particles

2016

The extent to which active matter might be described by effective equilibrium concepts like temperature and pressure is currently being discussed intensely. Here, we study the simplest model, an ideal gas of noninteracting active Brownian particles. While the mechanical pressure exerted onto confining walls has been linked to correlations between particles' positions and their orientations, we show that these correlations are entirely controlled by boundary effects. We also consider a definition of local pressure, which describes interparticle forces in terms of momentum exchange between different regions of the system. We present three pieces of analytical evidence which indicate that such…

PhysicsIdeal (set theory)Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)FOS: Physical sciences02 engineering and technologyCondensed Matter - Soft Condensed Matter021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyChannel geometry01 natural sciencesVirial theoremIdeal gasActive matterMomentumClassical mechanics0103 physical sciencesSoft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)Local pressure010306 general physics0210 nano-technologyBrownian motionCondensed Matter - Statistical Mechanics
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Construction of the ground state in nonrelativistic QED by continuous flows

2006

AbstractFor a nonrelativistic hydrogen atom minimally coupled to the quantized radiation field we construct the ground state projection Pgs by a continuous approximation scheme as an alternative to the iteration scheme recently used by Fröhlich, Pizzo, and the first author [V. Bach, J. Fröhlich, A. Pizzo, Infrared-finite algorithms in QED: The groundstate of an atom interacting with the quantized radiation field, Comm. Math. Phys. (2006), doi: 10.1007/s00220-005-1478-3]. That is, we construct Pgs=limt→∞Pt as the limit of a continuously differentiable family (Pt)t⩾0 of ground state projections of infrared regularized Hamiltonians Ht. Using the ODE solved by this family of projections, we sho…

PhysicsIntegrable systemQEDApplied MathematicsGround stateOdeAtom (order theory)Spectral analysisRenormalization groupProjection (linear algebra)Fundamental theorem of calculusQuantum mechanicsLimit (mathematics)Ground stateRenormalization groupAnalysisJournal of Differential Equations
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Kolmogorov-Arnold-Moser–Renormalization-Group Analysis of Stability in Hamiltonian Flows

1997

We study the stability and breakup of invariant tori in Hamiltonian flows using a combination of Kolmogorov-Arnold-Moser (KAM) theory and renormalization-group techniques. We implement the scheme numerically for a family of Hamiltonians quadratic in the actions to analyze the strong coupling regime. We show that the KAM iteration converges up to the critical coupling at which the torus breaks up. Adding a renormalization consisting of a rescaling of phase space and a shift of resonances allows us to determine the critical coupling with higher accuracy. We determine a nontrivial fixed point and its universality properties.

PhysicsKolmogorov–Arnold–Moser theoremFOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Physics and AstronomyTorusRenormalization groupFixed pointNonlinear Sciences - Chaotic DynamicsUniversality (dynamical systems)Renormalizationsymbols.namesakeQuantum mechanicsPhase spacesymbolsChaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)Hamiltonian (quantum mechanics)Mathematics::Symplectic GeometryMathematical physicsPhysical Review Letters
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LocalD=4field theory onκ-deformed Minkowski space

2000

We describe the local $D=4$ field theory on $\ensuremath{\kappa}$-deformed Minkowski space as a nonlocal relativistic field theory on standard Minkowski space-time. For simplicity the case of a $\ensuremath{\kappa}$-deformed scalar field $\ensuremath{\varphi}$ with the interaction $\ensuremath{\lambda}{\ensuremath{\varphi}}^{4}$ is considered, and the $\ensuremath{\kappa}$-deformed interaction vertex is described. It appears that the fundamental mass parameter $\ensuremath{\kappa}$ plays the role of regularizing the imaginary Pauli-Villars mass in the $\ensuremath{\kappa}$-deformed propagator.

PhysicsMathematics::LogicNuclear and High Energy PhysicsDifferential geometryQuantum mechanicsClassification of electromagnetic fieldsMinkowski spaceMinkowski's theoremVertex (curve)PropagatorField theory (psychology)Scalar fieldPhysical Review D
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Extinction law classification and lens redshift estimate by means of the principal component analysis

2007

Aims. We propose a method based on the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to classify and estimate the redshift of an extinction law in a distant gravitational lens galaxy. Such extinction laws are very poorly known and an efficient method to characterize them is badly needed. Methods. We first compute the principal axes of an exhaustive collection of redshifted theoretical extinction laws. Then, we project on these new axes the extinction law we wish to classify. The position of its projection among those redshifted extinction laws from the collection allows us to characterize it and to estimate its redshift. Results. Monte Carlo simulations show that the method is efficient and relatively…

PhysicsMonte Carlo methodAstronomy and AstrophysicsAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic AstrophysicsAstrophysicsRedshiftGalaxyGravitational lensSpace and Planetary ScienceExtinction (optical mineralogy)LawPrincipal component analysisProjection (set theory)Principal axis theoremAstronomy & Astrophysics
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Shears mechanism in109Cd

2000

Lifetimes of high-spin states in two $\ensuremath{\Delta}I=1$ bands and one $\ensuremath{\Delta}I=2$ band in ${}^{109}\mathrm{Cd}$ have been measured using the Doppler shift attenuation method in an experiment performed using the ${}^{96}\mathrm{Zr}{(}^{18}\mathrm{O},5n)$ reaction with the GAMMASPHERE array. Experimental total angular momenta and reduced transition strengths for both $\ensuremath{\Delta}I=1$ bands were compared with tilted axis cranking (shears mechanism) predictions and the $\ensuremath{\Delta}I=2$ band with principal axis cranking predictions, based on configurations involving two proton ${g}_{9/2}$ holes and one or three valence quasineutrons from the ${h}_{11/2}$ and mi…

PhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsAngular momentumDipoleValence (chemistry)Atomic orbitalCondensed matter physicsSemiclassical physicsGammasphereNeutronAtomic physicsPrincipal axis theoremPhysical Review C
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Triaxial shape with rotation around the longest principal axis inGd142

2008

The cranking model is used to describe rotational bands. We investigate the approach of using diabatic configurations and minimizing the particle-number projected energy in a mesh of both lambda, Delta and deformation parameters. We use the method to interpret recent experimental data in Gd-142 and conclude that for the highest spin states observed (I approximate to 30), the nucleus is triaxial and builds spin by rotating around the classically unfavored longest axis.

PhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsClassical mechanicsSpin statesNuclear TheoryDiabaticGeometryDeformation (meteorology)Spin (physics)LambdaRotationPrincipal axis theoremPhysical Review C
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The index theorem on the lattice with improved fermion actions

1998

We consider a Wilson-Dirac operator with improved chiral properties. We show that, for arbitrarily rough gauge fields, it satisfies the index theorem if we identify the zero modes with the small real eigenvalues of the fermion operator and use the geometrical definition of topological charge. This is also confirmed in a numerical study of the quenched Schwinger model. These results suggest that integer definitions of the topological charge based on counting real modes of the Wilson operator are equivalent to the geometrical definition. The problem of exceptional configurations and the sign problem in simulations with an odd number of dynamical Wilson fermions are briefly discussed. We consi…

PhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsHigh Energy Physics::LatticeOperator (physics)Zero (complex analysis)FísicaParticle Physics - LatticeFermionIntegerAtiyah–Singer index theoremTopological quantum numberEigenvalues and eigenvectorsMathematical physicsSign (mathematics)Nuclear Physics B
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SUPERFIELDS AND CANONICAL METHODS IN SUPERSPACE

1986

We consider the “supersymmetric roots” of the Heisenberg evolution equation as describing the dynamics of superfields in superspace. We investigate the superfield commutators and their equal time limits and exhibit their noncanonical character even for free superfields. For simplicity, we concentrate on the D=1 case, i.e., the superfield formulation of supersymmetric quantum mechanics in the Heisenberg picture and, as a soluble example, the supersymmetric oscillator. Finally, we express Noether’s theorem in superspace and give the definition of the global conserved supercharges.

PhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyGeneral Physics and AstronomyAstronomy and AstrophysicsSuperfieldSuperspaceHigh Energy Physics::Theorysymbols.namesakeNonlinear Sciences::Exactly Solvable and Integrable SystemsCharacter (mathematics)Supersymmetric gauge theorysymbolsF-termSupersymmetric quantum mechanicsNoether's theoremHeisenberg pictureMathematical physicsModern Physics Letters A
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