Search results for "Theory"
showing 10 items of 24627 documents
Diversification in evolutionary arenas - assessment and synthesis
2019
Abstract Understanding how and why rates of evolutionary diversification vary is a central issue in evolutionary biology and ecology. The concept of adaptive radiation has attracted much interest, but is metaphorical and verbal in nature, making it difficult to quantitatively compare different evolutionary lineages or geographic regions. In addition, the causes of evolutionary stasis are relatively neglected. Here we review the central concepts in the evolutionary diversification literature and bring these together by proposing a general framework for estimating rates of diversification and quantifying their underlying dynamics, which can be applied across clades and regions and across spat…
Applying the integrated trans-contextual model to mathematics activities in the classroom and homework behavior and attainment
2016
The aim of the present study was to test hypotheses of the trans-contextual model. We predicted relations between perceived autonomy support, autonomous motivation toward mathematics learning activities in an educational context, autonomous motivation toward mathematics homework in an out-of-school context, social-cognitive variables and intentions for future engagement in mathematics homework, and mathematics homework outcomes. Secondary school students completed measures of perceived autonomy support from teachers and autonomous motivation for in-class mathematics activities; measures of autonomous motivation, social-cognitive variables, and intentions for out-of-school mathematics homewo…
Translation as artistic communication in the aesthetics of migration: From nonfiction to the visual arts
2017
AbstractIn an increasingly globalized and digitalized world, where the advancement of technologies and media constructions oversimplify and manipulate public beliefs and shared knowledge, the artistic sector seems to provide new networks of solidarity, collaboration and interaction that challenge a world dominated by conflicts and cultural shocks. Against this backdrop, acts of translation within the arts bear witness to humanity and become the ultimate ground for subjective expression and fundamental reflections upon individualist attitudes against migration issues. By putting emphasis on the role of translation in its political transfer of migration into the arts, this investigation draws…
Project-Based Learning: A Case for Situated Translation
2006
The author proposes replacing the folk theoretical ‘conduit’ view of learning that still predominates in Translator Education with a principled understanding of cognitive and learning processes for the design of learning events in Translator Education. A collaborative, project-based educational experience is presented by way of illustration. In conclusion, an argument is made for studying collaborative learning events to gain insight into the multi-facetted nature of the learning process as well as of the translation process itself.
Dydaktyka przekładu audiowizualnego na filologii romańskiej od podstaw: metody, treści, propozycje rozwiązań
2013
Teaching audio‑visual translation at the “French Philology level 0” course: methods, contents, clues
 In the face of a sensible diminution of the number of high‑school graduates able to communicate in French well enough to follow the “classical” French Philology course, many Polish universities offer their students the possibility of studying “French Philology level 0”. One of the key skills developed by this course is translation, including basic audio‑visual translation competences. The paper shows some examples of translator training clues that have been worked out at the Opole University.
To Show, But Not to Disclose. The Willingness of Polish Political Parties to Disclose Information On their Structures
2018
Abstract Constituting the key element of a democratic system, political parties are among entities obliged by the Polish legislator to comply with the principle of disclosure by providing public information. The main objective of this paper is to determine the level of Polish political parties’ disclosure, understood here as their willingness to disclose information on their own structures. It seems that the practice of disclosing such basic organizational data may constitute a specific measure of Polish political parties’ respect for the idea of disclosure. The subject matter of the conducted research was particular parties’ sites in the Public Information Bulletin as well as their officia…
‘Seeing the Dark’: Grounding Phenomenal Transparency and Opacity in Precision Estimation for Active Inference
2018
One of the central claims of the Self-model Theory of Subjectivity is that the experience of being someone - even in a minimal form - arises through a transparent phenomenal self-model, which itself can in principle be reduced to brain processes. Here, we consider whether it is possible to distinguish between phenomenally transparent and opaque states in terms of active inference. We propose a relationship of phenomenal opacity to expected uncertainty or precision; i.e., the capacity for introspective attention and implicit mental action. Thus we associate introspective attention with the deployment of 'precision' that may render the perceptual evidence (for action) opaque, while treating t…
Husserl's Transcendentalization of Mathematical Naturalism
2020
Abstract The paper aims to capture a form of naturalism that can be found “built-in” in phenomenology, namely the idea to take science or mathematics on its own, without postulating extraneous normative “molds” on it. The paper offers a detailed comparison of Penelope Maddy’s naturalism about mathematics and Husserl’s approach to mathematics in Formal and Transcendental Logic (1929). It argues that Maddy’s naturalized methodology is similar to the approach in the first part of the book. However, in the second part Husserl enters into a transcendental clarification of the evidences and presuppositions of the mathematicians’ work, thus “transcendentalizing” his otherwise naturalist approach t…
Comparison of wormlion behavior under man-made and natural shelters: urban wormlions more strongly prefer shaded, fine-sand microhabitats, construct …
2019
Abstract Urban habitats differ from their natural surroundings in various aspects, such as a higher temperature and a distinct species composition. It is therefore not surprising that animal behavior too differs between these habitat types. We studied the foraging and habitat selection behavior of a pit-building predator, a wormlion, originating from either an urban or a more natural site. Wormlions occur in nature under structures that provide shelter from sunlight and rain, such as caves, and are also common in cities, occurring under artificial shelters. Wormlions construct pit-traps to hunt arthropods, and the pits constructed by urban wormlions were larger than those constructed by wor…
Full employment and neoclassical theories
1997
L’analyse néoclassique s’attache surtout à étudier le chômage volontaire, qui signifie le refus des travailleurs d’accepter un travail pour un taux de salaire compatible avec l’équilibre du système. Pour mesurer la portée de cette affirmation, il est essentiel de voir comment, dans cette analyse, on détermine le taux de rémunération du travail. Les auteurs de l’école de pensée Néoclassique fondent l’étude de l’emploi sur l'offre et la demande car, dans ce système, le travail est assimilé aux biens. Par conséquent, la réalisation du plein-emploi ne leur pose pas de problème. Aussi l’équilibre du système implique-t-il le plein-emploi Nous pouvons résumer essentiellement en trois points les li…