Search results for "Thermal"

showing 10 items of 3576 documents

Optical saturation thermal lens spectrometry in non-polar solvents

1997

Abstract A model for thermal lens spectrometry (TLS) in partial optical saturation conditions which was previously applied to polar solutes in aqueous media is now checked with non-polar organic dyes and metal dithizonates in carbon tetrachloride. Some literature data are also examined. Most data can be consistently explained on the basis of the molecular structures, the sensitivity increasing with the capability of the solute to rapidly communicate the absorbed energy to the solvent molecules.

Analytical chemistryMass spectrometryBiochemistryAnalytical ChemistrySolventMetalchemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryvisual_artThermalCarbon tetrachloridevisual_art.visual_art_mediumEnvironmental ChemistryPolarMoleculeSaturation (chemistry)SpectroscopyAnalytica Chimica Acta
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Effect of sodium to barium substitution on the space charge implementation in thermally poled glasses for nonlinear optical applications

2009

Thermally poled niobium borophosphate glasses in the system 0.55(0.95-y) NaPO{sub 3}+y/2 Ba(PO{sub 3}){sub 2}+0.05Na{sub 2}B{sub 4}O{sub 7})+0.45Nb{sub 2}O{sub 5} were investigated for second order optical nonlinear (SON) properties. Bulk glasses were studied by Raman spectroscopy, thermal analysis, optical and dielectric measurements. The sodium to barium substitution does not lead to significant changes in optical properties, crystallization of glasses and coordination environment of polarizable niobium atoms. However, the ionic conductivity decreases drastically with the increase of barium concentration. Secondary ion mass spectroscopy has been used to determine the element distribution …

Analytical chemistryNiobiumchemistry.chemical_element02 engineering and technologyDielectric01 natural sciencesSpace chargeInorganic Chemistrysymbols.namesakeIonic conductivity0103 physical sciencesMaterials ChemistryPhysical and Theoretical Chemistry010302 applied physicsThermal polingSecond-harmonic generationNonlinear opticsBarium[CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistrySecond harmonic generation021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter PhysicsSpace chargeElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialschemistryBorophosphate glasses[ CHIM.MATE ] Chemical Sciences/Material chemistryContent (measure theory)Ceramics and Compositessymbols0210 nano-technologyRaman spectroscopy
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TASCAを用いたCn, Nh, Fl化学実験のためのHg, Tl, PbのSiO2及びAu表面に対するオンライン化学吸着研究

2018

Online gas-solid adsorption studies with single atom quantities of Hg, Tl, and Pb on SiO$_{2}$ and Au surfaces were carried out using short-lived radioisotopes with half-lives in the range of 4-49 s. This is a model study to measure adsorption enthalpies of superheavy elements Cn, Nh, and Fl. The short-lived isotopes were produced and separated by the gas-filled recoil separator TASCA at GSI. The products were stopped in He gas, and flushed into gas chromatography columns made of Si detectors whose surfaces were covered by SiO$_{2}$ or Au. The short-lived Tl and Pb were successfully measured by the Si detectors with the SiO$_{2}$ surface at room temperature. On the other hand, the Hg did no…

Analytical chemistrychemistry.chemical_elementElectronic structure010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesadsorption studiethermochromatographyHomologs of superheavy elementRELATIVISTIC PERIODIC DFTMetalGSIAdsorptionCHEMISTRY0103 physical sciencesisothermal chromatographyPhysical and Theoretical ChemistrySUPERHEAVY ELEMENTS010306 general physicsCoperniciumChemistryQUARTZ SURFACE0104 chemical sciencesgas phase chromatography of single atomHEAVIEST ELEMENTSFleroviumELECTRONIC-STRUCTUREvisual_artYield (chemistry)METALvisual_art.visual_art_mediumGas chromatographyRelativistic quantum chemistryphysical preseparationSYSTEMRadiochimica acta
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Understanding the role of Ti-rich domains in the stabilization of gold nanoparticles on mesoporous silica-based catalysts

2018

3 Tablae, 14 Figures.-- Supplementary material.-- © 2018. This manuscript version is made available under the CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 license http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/

AnataseAnataseChemistryNanoparticle02 engineering and technologyMesoporous silica010402 general chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencesMicelleCO oxidationCatalysis0104 chemical sciences3. Good healthChemical engineeringColloidal goldNanoparticlesThermal stabilityGoldPhysical and Theoretical Chemistry0210 nano-technologyMesoporous materialDispersion (chemistry)Mesoporous silica
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Alkaline treatment as a means to boost the activity of TiO(2)in selective photocatalytic processes

2020

In this work, the activity enhancement of TiO(2)photocatalysts by alkaline treatment has been investigated. Commercial (BDH, U.K., anatase phase) TiO(2)samples, treated in alkaline solutions of NaOH at different concentrations and temperatures, were tested for the photocatalytic partial oxidation of 3-pyridinemethanol in water under UVA irradiation to form vitamin B-3. Photocatalyst characterization has been carried out by XRD, BET, TEM, TGA, photoluminescence, FTIR, Raman, DRS, EPR and photocurrent measurements. The alkaline-treated samples showed an increased activity of up to 7 times (by considering first order rate constant values) compared to untreated BDH and the superior performance …

AnataseCrystallinityAdsorptionChemistryPhotocatalysisSurface modificationThermal treatmentPartial oxidationCatalysisCatalysisNuclear chemistry
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A comparative study of the photocatalytic activities of iron-titanium (IV) oxide photocatalysts prepared by various methods; spray pyrolysis, impregn…

1995

Abstract A series of iron/titanium oxide photocatalysts of varying Fe 3+ content have beenprepared by a number of different methods and subjected to controlled thermal treatment. Specimens have been characterised in terms of their crystalline structure and morphology, and indicate solid solutions containing both the anatase and rutile phases of TiO 2 , together with the formation of pseudo-brookite in some specimens. Intrinsic photo-activity measurements have been performed using a standard liquid-phase photocatalytic reaction. Results indicate that the photocatalytic activity of the specimens differs according to the method of preparation, and that all solids containing iron (III) species …

AnataseMaterials scienceCoprecipitationInorganic chemistryOxidechemistry.chemical_elementThermal treatmentTitanium oxidechemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryRutilePhotocatalysisNuclear chemistryTitanium
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Mesocrystalline anatase nanoparticles synthesized using a simple hydrothermal approach with enhanced light harvesting for gas-phase reaction

2018

Mesocrystalline TiO2 nanoparticles were synthesized using a hydrothermal approach. A simple two-step procedure at low temperature (<140 °C) allowed the nucleation of primary particles sized 2–4 nm and their subsequent assembly as almost spherical aggregates sized ≈20 nm. X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), Raman and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) studies, and HRTEM studies confirmed anatase as the unique TiO2 crystalline phase. The mesocrystalline structure of the anatase aggregates was clearly evidenced by HRTEM and SAED results. The mesocrystalline nanopowders exhibit a mesoporous structure with a surface area and pore volume of 63.5 m2 g−1 and 0.22 cm3 g−1, respectively. Ultraviolet …

AnataseMaterials scienceNanoparticle02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencesHydrothermal circulation0104 chemical sciencesInorganic ChemistryX-ray photoelectron spectroscopyChemical engineeringPhotocatalysisSelected area diffraction0210 nano-technologyHigh-resolution transmission electron microscopyMesoporous materialDalton Transactions
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Polyacrylonitrile block copolymers for the preparation of a thin carbon coating around TiO2 nanorods for advanced lithium-ion batteries.

2013

Herein, a new method for the realization of a thin and homogenous carbonaceous particle coating, made by carbonizing RAFT polymerization derived block copolymers anchored on anatase TiO2 nanorods, is presented. These block copolymers consist of a short anchor block (based on dopamine) and a long, easily graphitizable block of polyacrylonitrile. The grafting of such block copolymers to TiO2 nanorods creates a polymer shell, which can be visualized by atomic force microscopy (AFM). Thermal treatment at 700 °C converts the polyacrylonitrile block to partially graphitic structures (as determined by Raman spectroscopy), establishing a thin carbon coating (as determined by transmission electron m…

AnataseMaterials sciencePolymers and PlasticsSurface PropertiesAcrylic Resins02 engineering and technologyThermal treatmentLithium010402 general chemistry01 natural scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundElectric Power SuppliesMaterials ChemistryCopolymerReversible addition−fragmentation chain-transfer polymerizationComposite materialParticle Sizechemistry.chemical_classificationIonsTitaniumNanotubesMolecular StructureOrganic ChemistryPolyacrylonitrileTemperaturePolymerElectrochemical Techniques021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCarbon0104 chemical scienceschemistryTransmission electron microscopyNanorod0210 nano-technologyMacromolecular rapid communications
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Investigation on sol–gel synthesized Ag-doped TiO2 cermet thin films

2005

Abstract Undoped TiO 2 and Ag–TiO 2 (up to 23 at.% Ag) cermet thin films and polycrystalline powders have been prepared by sol–gel process. Their structure, composition, surface morphology and optical properties have been investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential thermal analysis (DTA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) and ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy (UV–VIS spectroscopy). It has been observed that while Ag does not form a solid solution with TiO 2 , it promotes the anatase to rutile phase transformation. The transformation temperature decreases from 827 °C for undoped TiO 2 to about 650 °C fo…

AnataseMaterials scienceScanning electron microscopeMetals and AlloysAnalytical chemistrySurfaces and InterfacesCermetSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsSecondary ion mass spectrometryX-ray photoelectron spectroscopyDifferential thermal analysisMaterials ChemistryCrystalliteSol-gelThin Solid Films
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Hydrothermal synthesis of nanostructured inorganic powders by a continuous process under supercritical conditions

2005

Abstract In this study, using a prototype of hydrothermal synthesis in subcritical and supercritical water working in a continuous way, nanometric ceramic precursors with perfectly defined composition are produced: spinel ferrites such as Fe2CoO4, TiO2 with anatase structure and also perovskite structures such as BaZrO3. The as-prepared powders are fully characterized by complementary experiments: X-ray diffraction, electron microscopies, EDX spectrometry, surface area measurement, etc. Thus, particles size, morphology, aggregation state, crystal structure, composition are investigated. Moreover, magnetic properties of the ferrites products are studied. The powders obtained are pure phases …

AnataseMaterials scienceSpinelMineralogyengineering.materialSupercritical fluidGrain sizeChemical engineeringvisual_artX-ray crystallographyMaterials ChemistryCeramics and Compositesvisual_art.visual_art_mediumengineeringHydrothermal synthesisCeramicPerovskite (structure)Journal of the European Ceramic Society
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