Search results for "Time constant"

showing 9 items of 19 documents

SANS polarization analysis at V4 SANS instrument of HMI Berlin

2008

The V4 instrument has recently been upgraded with a 3He spin filter cell, placed directly in the homogeneous field B of the sample magnet, to enhance the SANSPOL option for polarization analysis. The prototype setup was still affected by: (a) a quick relaxation of the 3He nuclear polarization in the cell with a time constant of only ?130 min which significantly changes the spin filter transmissions T+ and T? for neutrons polarized parallel I+ and anti-parallel I? to B, and (b) the absence of a flipping aid behind the sample. The usual polarization analysis procedure, expecting virtually time-independent transmissions and a second flipping device, is therefore not applicable. We present an a…

PhysicsFerrofluidScatteringbusiness.industryApplied MathematicsTime constantPolarization (waves)Small-angle neutron scatteringOpticsMagnetNeutronAtomic physicsbusinessInstrumentationEngineering (miscellaneous)SuperparamagnetismMeasurement Science and Technology
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Luminescence of coesite

2015

Coesite is a polymorph modification of crystalline silicon dioxide with a tetrahedral structure. The luminescence of a single crystal of synthetic coesite was studied under excitation using x-rays, an electron beam, and excimer lasers KrF (248 nm), ArF (193 nm) and F2 (157 nm). Luminescence bands in the regions of 2.5 eV and 4.4 eV appear. The blue band is dependent on temperature and is composed of decay kinetics. Three main decay times are revealed, exhibiting luminescence of a different nature in the same range of the spectrum. One is in the ns range of time with a time constant of about 2 ns. The two other decay times are in the regions of 5 μs and 700 μs. The 5 μs component is also see…

QuenchingMaterials sciencebusiness.industrySilicon dioxideExcitonTime constantengineering.materialCondensed Matter PhysicsMolecular physicsAtomic and Molecular Physics and Opticschemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryCoesiteengineeringOptoelectronicsLuminescencebusinessSingle crystalMathematical PhysicsExcitationPhysica Scripta
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Heat capacity of small superconducting disks

2000

Abstract The superconducting state of small samples in a magnetic field is strongly dependent on the sample dimensions and geometry. We have initiated measurements of heat capacity of small superconducting disks. Our method, extensively used in many of our related experiments, is to measure the thermal time constant as a function of temperature of disks on a thin silicon nitride membrane. Theoretical results on heat capacity of the disks based on the Ginzburg–Landau theory will be presented.

SuperconductivityMaterials scienceCondensed matter physicsSilicon nitride membraneCondensed Matter::SuperconductivityTime constantCalorimetryElectrical and Electronic EngineeringCondensed Matter PhysicsMeasure (mathematics)Heat capacityElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsMagnetic fieldPhysica B: Condensed Matter
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Analysis of discrete and continuous distributions of ventilatory time constants from dynamic computed tomography.

2005

In this study, an algorithm was developed to measure the distribution of pulmonary time constants (TCs) from dynamic computed tomography (CT) data sets during a sudden airway pressure step up. Simulations with synthetic data were performed to test the methodology as well as the influence of experimental noise. Furthermore the algorithm was applied to in vivo data. In five pigs sudden changes in airway pressure were imposed during dynamic CT acquisition in healthy lungs and in a saline lavage ARDS model. The fractional gas content in the imaged slice (FGC) was calculated by density measurements for each CT image. Temporal variations of the FGC were analysed assuming a model with a continuous…

SwineInformation Storage and RetrievalComputed tomographyModels BiologicalSensitivity and SpecificitySynthetic dataImaging Three-DimensionalImage Interpretation Computer-AssistedmedicineAnimalsRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingComputer SimulationLungSimulationMathematicsRadiological and Ultrasound Technologymedicine.diagnostic_testfungiMathematical analysisTime constantReproducibility of ResultsImage EnhancementNoiseKineticsDistribution (mathematics)Continuous distributionsBreathingVentilatory timePulmonary VentilationTomography X-Ray ComputedAlgorithmsPhysics in medicine and biology
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Oxygen uptake kinetics and energy system's contribution around maximal lactate steady state swimming intensity

2017

Made available in DSpace on 2018-11-26T17:20:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2017-02-28 Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) Ministry of Education of Brazil The purpose of this study was to examine the oxygen uptake ((V) over dotO(2)) kinetics and the energy systems' contribution at 97.5, 100 and 102.5% of the maximal lactate steady state (MLSS) swimming intensity. Ten elite female swimmers performed three-to-five 30 min submaximal constant swimming bouts at imposed paces for the determination of the swimming velocity (v) at 100% MLSS based on a 7 x 200 m intermittent incremental protocol until voluntary exhaustion to find the v associated…

Time FactorsAnaerobic ThresholdPhysiologyVelocitylcsh:MedicinePathology and Laboratory MedicineOxygenBiochemistryOxygen uptake kinetics0302 clinical medicineMedicine and Health SciencesPublic and Occupational Healthlcsh:ScienceFatigueMultidisciplinaryChemistryPhysicsTime constantClassical Mechanics16. Peace & justiceSports ScienceBody FluidsChemistryvVO2maxBloodPhysical SciencesLactatesFemaleAnatomyAnaerobic exerciseResearch ArticleChemical ElementsSportsAdolescentchemistry.chemical_elementBioenergetics03 medical and health sciencesYoung AdultMotionAnimal scienceOxygen ConsumptionSigns and SymptomsDiagnostic MedicineHumansLactic AcidSports and Exercise MedicineEnergy systemExerciseSwimmingBehaviorBiological Locomotionlcsh:RBiology and Life Sciences030229 sport sciencesPhysical ActivityIntensity (physics)OxygenKineticsAthletesPhysical FitnessExercise TestPhysical EnduranceRecreationlcsh:QSteady state (chemistry)Energy Metabolism030217 neurology & neurosurgery
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Problems in Precise Measurement of Tidal Volumes

1998

Respiratory gas flows and volumes can conveniently be measured by pneumo-tachography.3 However, the pneumotachographic signal depends on gas temperature, humidity, and composition, and therefore the achievable precision of measurement is limited to about 5–10%2,8 — which is not sufficient for determining the human ventilation distribution with satisfactory accuracy.6,7,5 As a — potentially more accurate — alternative, a plethysmographic method may be used in which the tested subject breathes out of and into bags that are suspended in a large tank of constant volume (Figure 1). Volume V and pressure P in the system (consisting of tank, tubings, valves, and the subject) are related via Boyle-…

Volume (thermodynamics)Temporal resolutionTime constantCalibrationEnvironmental scienceMechanicsAdiabatic processConstant (mathematics)Pressure sensorTidal volume
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Characterisation of nonoriented electric alloys under nonconventional conditions

1996

The variations of magnetic and loss characteristics of nonoriented cobalt-iron and silicon-iron sheets have been investigated using an Epstein frame. Cobalt-iron alloys have been tested under sinusoidal magnetic flux density with respect to frequency and temperature. Both kinds of alloys have also been investigated with respect to frequency, time constant wavefront and temperature under trapezoidal flux density. The qualitative behaviour is identical under both flux density conditions for all these alloys. These investigations have made it possible to model the variations of iron losses with experimental parameters, except the temperature. These quantitative evolutions differ with alloy and…

WavefrontElectric machineElectric motorMaterials sciencebusiness.product_categoryEpstein frameCondensed matter physicsAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaAlloytechnology industry and agricultureTime constantengineering.materialequipment and suppliesMagnetic fieldCondensed Matter::Materials ScienceNuclear magnetic resonanceengineeringElectrical and Electronic EngineeringMagnetic alloybusinessIEE Proceedings - Science, Measurement and Technology
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Large 256-Pixel X-ray Transition-Edge Sensor Arrays With Mo/TiW/Cu Trilayers

2015

We describe the fabrication and electrical characterization of 256-pixel X-ray transition-edge sensor (TES) arrays intended for materials analysis applications. The processing is done on 6-in wafers, providing capabilities on a commercial scale. TES films were novel proximity coupled Mo/TiW/Cu trilayers, where the thin TiW layer in between aims to improve the stability of the devices by preventing unwanted effects such as Mo/Cu interdiffusion. The absorber elements were electrodeposited gold of thickness 2 μm. The single-pixel design discussed here is the so-called Corbino geometry. Most design goals were successfully met, such as the critical temperature, thermal time constant, and transit…

X-ray spectroscopyMaterials scienceFabricationta213superconducting devicesta114business.industryta221Time constantcritical temperatureslarge format arraysCondensed Matter PhysicsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsCharacterization (materials science)transition-edge sensorsNanosensorX-ray spectroscopyOptoelectronicsWaferElectrical and Electronic EngineeringTransition edge sensorbusinessLayer (electronics)materials analysisnanosensorsIEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
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Nonlinear nystagmus processing causes torsional VOR nonlinearity.

2003

The eye movement component that rotates around the line of sight, i.e., the ocular torsion, is in many aspects different from horizontal and vertical eye movements. While ocular torsion is mediated only by reflexive pathways like the torsional vestibulo-ocular and optokinetic reflexes (TVOR and OKN, respectively), horizontal and vertical components are also subject to intentional control mechanisms that are mediated by the saccadic and the pursuit systems. Dynamic properties of torsional eye movements are also very distinct. While horizontal and vertical VOR components show a gain close to unity and a small neural integration leakage with a time constant around pi=30 s, the TVOR shows a sma…

genetic structuresEye MovementsRotationModels NeurologicalNystagmusGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyOtolithic MembraneHistory and Philosophy of ScienceNystagmus PhysiologicControl theorymedicineHumansComputer SimulationPhysicsGeneral NeuroscienceTime constantTorsion (mechanics)Eye movementOptokinetic reflexReflex Vestibulo-Oculareye diseasesSaccadic maskingSemicircular CanalsNonlinear systemHead MovementsVestibulo–ocular reflexmedicine.symptomAnnals of the New York Academy of Sciences
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