Search results for "Toe"
showing 10 items of 3824 documents
Single-Hemisphere Photoelectron Momentum Microscope With Time-of-Flight Recording
2020
Photoelectron momentum microscopy is an emerging powerful method for angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy (ARPES), especially in combination with imaging spin filters. These instruments record kx-ky images, typically exceeding a full Brillouin zone. As energy filters double-hemispherical or time-of-flight (ToF) devices are in use. Here we present a new approach for momentum mapping of the full half-space, based on a single hemispherical analyzer (path radius 225 mm). Excitation by an unfocused He lamp yielded an energy resolution of 7.7 meV. The performance is demonstrated by k-imaging of quantum-well states in Au and Xe multilayers. The alpha-square-aberration term (alpha: entrance an…
Deconvolution of XPS spectra
1991
The resolution of XPS spectra is limited mainly by instrumental parameters like the spectral line width of the exciting X-ray source and the finite energy resolution of the electron analyzer. If the line broadening functions resulting from the instrumental setup can be estimated and expressed by a spectrometer function, a mathematical recalculation of the intrinsic signal is possible by deconvolution. With the method presented in this paper, a resolution enhancement by a factor of 3 can be obtained. Measured spectra of physically correlated spin orbit doublets have been deconvoluted, and it is shown, that the intensity ratios and the positions are comparable with results obtained by highly …
<title>High-frequency electrodeless light sources for application</title>
2001
The high-frequency electrodes light sources (HFELS) are widely used as bright radiators of narrow and intensive spectral lines covering spectral region from VUV to IR. In this work we shall give a short overview of our experience in preparation of HFELS, containing He, H, Rb, Hg, Zn, Pb, As, Sb, Bi, Tl, Hg-Cd, Hg-Zn, Hg-Cd-Zn, Se-Te for different applications. Special attention would be paid for HFELS use in Zeeman mercury analyzer, in Atomic absorption analyzer and Angle and glass refractive index measurement system.© (2001) COPYRIGHT SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.
Spatiotemporal Dynamics of the Processing of Spoken Inflected and Derived Words:A Combined EEG and MEG Study
2011
The spatiotemporal dynamics of the neural processing of spoken morphologically complex words are still an open issue. In the current study, we investigated the time course and neural sources of spoken inflected and derived words using simultaneously recorded electroencephalography (EEG) and magnetoencephalography (MEG) responses. Ten participants (native speakers) listened to inflected, derived, and monomorphemic Finnish words and judged their acceptability. EEG and MEG responses were time-locked to both the stimulus onset and the critical point (suffix onset for complex words, uniqueness point for monomorphemic words). The ERP results showed that inflected words elicited a larger left-late…
Musical sound processing in the human brain. Evidence from electric and magnetic recordings.
2001
Recently, our knowledge regarding the brain's ability to represent invariant features of musical information even during the performance of a simultaneous task (unrelated to the sounds) has accumulated rapidly. Recordings of the change-specific mismatch negativity component of event-related brain potentials have shown that temporally and spectrally complex sounds as well as their relations are automatically processed by human auditory cortex. Furthermore, recent magnetoencephalographic and positron emission topographic investigations indicate that this processing differs between phonetic and musical sounds within and between the cerebral hemispheres. These data thus suggest that despite the…
Quantum Machine Learning: A tutorial
2021
This tutorial provides an overview of Quantum Machine Learning (QML), a relatively novel discipline that brings together concepts from Machine Learning (ML), Quantum Computing (QC) and Quantum Information (QI). The great development experienced by QC, partly due to the involvement of giant technological companies as well as the popularity and success of ML have been responsible of making QML one of the main streams for researchers working on fuzzy borders between Physics, Mathematics and Computer Science. A possible, although arguably coarse, classification of QML methods may be based on those approaches that make use of ML in a quantum experimentation environment and those others that take…
Self-organization and nanostructural control in thin film heterojunctions.
2013
In spite of more than two-decades of studies of molecular self-assembly, the achievement of low cost, easy-to-implement and multi-parameter bottom-up approaches to address the supramolecular morphology in three-dimensional (3D) systems is still missing. In the particular case of molecular thin films, the 3D nanoscale morphology and function are crucial for both fundamental and applied research. Here we show how it is possible to tune the 3D film structure (domain size, branching, etc.) of thin film heterojunctions with nanoscale accuracy together with the modulation of their optoelectronic properties by employing an easy two-step approach. At first we prepared multi-planar heterojunctions w…
PV effect of fullerene/poly(3-hexylthiophene) blend sensitized by phthalocyanine having infrared absorption CT band
2008
An attempt was made to extend the photosensitivity spectral range of fullerene/poly(3-hexylthiophene) blend to NIR region by adding extra electron donor — hydroxygallium phthalocyanine (GaOHPc) with a strong and wide intermolecular charge transfer (CT) band around 830 nm. Multilayer cells of ITO/PEDOT: PSS/6 GaOHPc/P3HT: C61(CO2Et)2 have been prepared by spin coating with vacuum evaporated Al or In top electrodes. Significant photosensitivity of the cells was in 370–900 nm spectral range. However charge carrier photogeneration efficiency was 3 times higher for illumination in P3HT absorption band as compared with the GaOHPc CT band at 830 nm. But when GaOHPc was mixed in the blend forming P…
Adsorbates on thin iron(100) films
1995
The electronic and magnetic properties of different kinds of adsorbates on thin magnetized Fe(100) films have been investigated by means of spin resolving photoelectron spectroscopy. The study has been carried out with atomically physisorbed xenon, the molecule carbon monoxide, and metallic gold. The spin splitting of the Xe 5p signal can be explained by magnetic interactions with the final ionic hole state. By spin analysis, it could be shown that at room temperature for low exposures the adsorption of CO is dissociative and with increasing exposure additionally molecular. The Au related features for the monolayer show different line shapes in both spin channels but no splittings due to an…
Spin-crossover nanoparticles anchored on MoS2 layers for heterostructures with tunable strain driven by thermal or light-induced spin switching
2021
In the past few years, the effect of strain on the optical and electronic properties of MoS2 layers has attracted particular attention as it can improve the performance of optoelectronic and spintronic devices. Although several approaches have been explored, strain is typically externally applied on the two-dimensional material. In this work, we describe the preparation of a reversible ‘self-strainable’ system in which the strain is generated at the molecular level by one component of a MoS2-based composite material. Spin-crossover nanoparticles were covalently grafted onto functionalized layers of semiconducting MoS2 to form a hybrid heterostructure. Their ability to switch between two spi…