Search results for "Toe"

showing 10 items of 3824 documents

Experimental Investigation of Fused Biconical Fiber Couplers for Measuring Refractive Index Changes in Aqueous Solutions

2016

A detailed experimental study of a simple and compact fiber optic sensor based on a fused biconical fiber coupler is presented, in which the sensitivity is improved by operating the coupler beyond the first coupling cycle. The sensor is demonstrated to perform high sensitivity measurements of refractive index changes by means of variation of sugar concentration in water. The device is operated to achieve a linear transmission response, allowing a linear relation between the sugar concentration and the output signal. The initial sensitivity was measured as 0.03 units of normalized transmission per unit of sugar concentration (g/100 mL), with a noise detection limit of a sugar concentration o…

Detection limitMaterials sciencebusiness.industryAnalytical chemistryPolarization-maintaining optical fiber02 engineering and technologyGraded-index fiber020210 optoelectronics & photonicsNormalized frequency (fiber optics)OpticsFiber optic sensor0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringFiber optic splitterElectrical and Electronic EngineeringbusinessInstrumentationRefractive indexPhotonic-crystal fiberIEEE Sensors Journal
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Enhanced nanoscopy of individual CsPbBr3 perovskite nanocrystals using dielectric sub-micrometric antennas

2020

We demonstrate an efficient, simple, and low-cost approach for enhanced nanoscopy in individual green emitting perovskite (CsPbBr3) nanocrystals via TiO2 dielectric nanoantenna. The observed three- to five-fold emission enhancement is attributed to near-field effects and emission steering promoted by the coupling between the perovskite nanocrystals and the dielectric sub-micrometric antennas. The dark-field scattering configuration is then exploited for surface-enhanced absorption measurements, showing a large increase in detection sensitivity, leading to the detection of individual nanocrystals. Due to the broadband spectral response of the Mie sub-micrometric antennas, the method can be e…

Detection sensitivityMaterials sciencelcsh:BiotechnologyCesium compoundsPhysics::Optics02 engineering and technologyDielectricPerovskiteLead compoundsperovskite solar cells01 natural sciences7. Clean energyCondensed Matter::Materials Sciencenanocrystalslcsh:TP248.13-248.650103 physical sciencesEnhanced absorptionSemiconductor quantum dotsElectronic transitionGeneral Materials Science[SPI.NANO]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Micro and nanotechnologies/MicroelectronicsAbsorption (electromagnetic radiation)perovskitePerovskite (structure)010302 applied physicsScatteringbusiness.industryGeneral Engineering021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologylcsh:QC1-999NanocrystalsNear field effectNanocrystalAtomic electron transitionQuantum dotOptoelectronicsTitanium dioxideAntennasDark-field scatteringsLow cost approachPhotonics0210 nano-technologybusinessOrganic moleculeslcsh:PhysicsBromine compoundsEmission enhancement
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Real-space multiple scattering method for angle-resolved photoemission and valence-band photoelectron diffraction and its application to Cu(111)

2011

Abstract: A computational method is presented for angle-resolved photoemission spectra (ARPES) and photoelectron diffraction (PED) in the ultraviolet regime. The one-step model is employed and both initial valence and final continuum states are calculated using the finite-cluster, real-space multiple scattering method. Thereby the approach is versatile and provides a natural link to core-level PED. The method is applied to the Cu(111) valence band and good agreement with experiment is found for both ARPES spectra and PED patterns. When the PED patterns are integrated over a filled band of a single-orbital symmetry, such as Cu-3d, we show, both numerically and analytically, that the exact th…

Diffraction3104 Condensed Matter PhysicsMaterials scienceValence (chemistry)530 PhysicsScatteringPhysics2504 Electronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsAngle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy10192 Physics InstituteCondensed Matter Physicsmedicine.disease_causeMolecular physicsSpectral lineElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsDelocalized electronmedicineValence bandUltravioletPhysical Review B
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<title>Holographic recording in amorphous semiconductor films</title>

1997

The present state of the real time holographic recording in amorphous semiconductor films is reviewed including mechanisms, parameters, properties and applications. Effects of the coherent, incoherent and relaxational self- enhancement as well as the influence of the film structure relaxation are considered. Quasi-permanent sub-band-gap light holographic recording is reported for the first time. 157

DiffractionAmorphous semiconductorsMaterials sciencebusiness.industryHolographylaw.inventionCondensed Matter::Materials ScienceOpticsModulationlawOptoelectronicsRelaxation (physics)Spatial frequencybusinessHolographic recordingRefractive indexSPIE Proceedings
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An experimental investigation on the poor hydrogen sorption properties of nano-structured LaNi5 prepared by ball-milling

2011

Abstract Nano-structured LaNi5 hydrogen storage materials prepared by ball-milling is analysed using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). DSC results indicate a partial elimination of defects at 500 °C in a more efficient way for the short-time ball-milled powders compared to the long-time ball-milled ones. XPS results show almost no change in the core-level electronic structure for La and Ni of LaNi5 in the bulk and the nano-structured forms, but gives an indication that the self-restoring mechanism of the active surface observed in the bulk sample (Siegmann et al. Phys. Rev. Lett. 40, 972) may not be occurring in the nano-powders. Results fro…

DiffractionAtomic disorderMaterials scienceRenewable Energy Sustainability and the EnvironmentSettore FIS/01 - Fisica SperimentaleAnalytical chemistryEnergy Engineering and Power TechnologyElectronic structureActive surfaceCondensed Matter PhysicsHydrogen storageFuel TechnologyDifferential scanning calorimetryX-ray photoelectron spectroscopyHydrogen storage materials; Nanostructuring; Atomic disorderNano-Hydrogen storage materialNanostructuringBall millInternational Journal of Hydrogen Energy
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Diffractive optics for spectral tuning of second harmonic and supercontinuum generated in nonlinear crystals

2011

It is shown that diffractive lenses can tune the spectrum of femtosecond pulses after nonlinear optical processes. We focus on spectra of second-order pulses generated in birefringent crystals and supercontinuum in sapphire crystals. The tunability is achieved by changing the relative distance between the nonlinear crystal and the diffractive lens.

DiffractionBirefringenceMaterials sciencebusiness.industryPhysics::OpticsNonlinear opticsSecond-harmonic generationSupercontinuumOpticsCondensed Matter::SuperconductivityFemtosecondSapphireOptoelectronicsStimulated emissionbusiness2011 10th Euro-American Workshop on Information Optics
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DICHROISM IN ANGLE-RESOLVED PHOTOEMISSION FROM Pt(111)

2002

The angular dependence of the circular dichroism in photoemission from Pt(111) was investigated for excitation with VUV and soft X-ray radiation. VUV excitation was used to probe band structure and the circular dichroism for valence band emission. The measurements are compared to full relativistic single step photoemission calculations. XPS was used to investigate the circular dichroism in emission from the 4f core level. In this case, the dichroism is induced by photoelectron diffraction. First results from single step core level calculations are compared to the experimental observations.

DiffractionCircular dichroismMaterials scienceAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaPhysics::OpticsAngle-resolved photoemission spectroscopySurfaces and InterfacesDichroismCondensed Matter PhysicsSurfaces Coatings and FilmsCondensed Matter::Materials ScienceX-ray photoelectron spectroscopyVibrational circular dichroismMaterials ChemistryAtomic physicsElectronic band structureExcitationSurface Review and Letters
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Elektrónová a pásová štruktúra CuMnAs študovaná optickou a fotoemissinou spektroskopiou

2017

Tetragonal phase of CuMnAs progressively appears as one of the key materials for antiferromagnetic spintronics due to efficient current-induced spin-orbit torques whose existence can be directly inferred from crystal symmetry. Theoretical understanding of spintronic phenomena in this material, however, relies on the detailed knowledge of electronic structure (band structure and corresponding wave functions) which has so far been tested only to a limited extent. We show that AC permittivity (obtained from ellipsometry) and UV photoelectron spectra agree with density functional calculations. Together with the x-ray diffraction and precession electron diffraction tomography, our analysis confi…

DiffractionCondensed Matter - Materials ScienceMaterials scienceSpintronicsCondensed matter physicsPhotoemission spectroscopyMaterials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)FOS: Physical sciencesspintronics DFT photoemission optical properties CuMnAs02 engineering and technologyCrystal structureElectronic structure021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciences3. Good healthTetragonal crystal systemCondensed Matter::Materials ScienceSpintronika DFT fotoemissia optické vlastnosti CuMnAs0103 physical sciencesPrecession electron diffraction010306 general physics0210 nano-technologyElectronic band structure
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Growth temperature influence on the GaN nanowires grown by MOVPE technique

2011

GaN nanowires (NWs) were successfully grown by Vapor-Liquid-Solid (VLS) growth mechanism on GaN template using metal-organic vapor phase epitaxy (MOVPE) with diameters ranging from 20 to 200 nm and length up to few microns. The characterization by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) reveals an optimum growth temperature at 790°C and X-ray diffraction (XRD) investigations indicates oriented crystallinity of grown NWs.

DiffractionCrystallographyCrystallinityMaterials sciencebusiness.industryScanning electron microscopeOptimum growthNanowireOptoelectronicsMetalorganic vapour phase epitaxyVapor–liquid–solid methodbusinessEpitaxyIOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering
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Addressing optical pixel bits in a slab of dense optical material via intrinsic optical bistability

2007

It is well known that dense materials with local-field effects can show "intrinsic" optical bistability when they are directly irradiated by a light beam. This has been shown theoretically in a number of works and also experimentally in several cases, in gas media and also in doped solid-state materials where nonlinearities based on standard local-field effects can be reinforced with other ion interaction effects. Although from the point of view of applications nonlinearities stronger than those found so far would be desirable, the fact that no optical resonator is needed to achieve bistability makes these materials potentially interesting for applications in optical information storage and…

DiffractionDiffusion (acoustics)Materials scienceBistabilitybusiness.industryDopingOptical bistabilitylaw.inventionOpticslawOptical cavityOptoelectronicsLight beambusinessAbsorption (electromagnetic radiation)2007 European Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics and the International Quantum Electronics Conference
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