Search results for "Transform"

showing 10 items of 3975 documents

A convolution of observational and model data to estimate age of air spectra in the northern hemispheric lower stratosphere

2020

Abstract. Derivation of mean age of air (AoA) and age spectra from atmospheric measurements remains a challenge and often requires data from atmospheric models. This study tries to minimize the direct influence of model data and presents an extension and application of a previously established inversion method to derive age spectra from mixing ratios of long- and short-lived trace gases. For a precise description of cross-tropopause transport processes, the inverse method is extended to incorporate air entrainment into the stratosphere across the tropical and extratropical tropopause. We first use simulations with the Chemical Lagrangian Model of the Stratosphere (CLaMS) to provide a genera…

Atmospheric Science010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesAtmospheric modelsMonte Carlo methodInverse transform samplingEntrainment (meteorology)010502 geochemistry & geophysicsAtmospheric sciences01 natural scienceslcsh:QC1-999Trace gaslcsh:ChemistryTroposphereEarth scienceslcsh:QD1-999ddc:550Environmental scienceTropopauseStratospherelcsh:Physics0105 earth and related environmental sciences
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Retrieval of atmospheric CH4profiles from Fourier transform infrared data using dimension reduction and MCMC

2016

We introduce an inversion method that uses dimension reduction for the retrieval of atmospheric methane (CH4) profiles. Uncertainty analysis is performed using the Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) statistical estimation. These techniques are used to retrieve CH4 profiles from the ground-based spectral measurements by the Fourier Transform Spectrometer (FTS) instrument at Sodankyla (67.4 degrees N, 26.6 degrees E), Northern Finland. The Sodankyla FTS is part of the Total Carbon Column Observing Network (TCCON), a global network that observes solar spectra in near-infrared wavelengths. The high spectral resolution of the data provides approximately 3 degrees of freedom about the vertical struc…

Atmospheric Science010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesComputer scienceDegrees of freedom (statistics)Inverse transform samplingMarkov chain Monte CarloInverse problem01 natural sciences010104 statistics & probabilitysymbols.namesakeGeophysicsFourier transformSpace and Planetary SciencePrincipal component analysisEarth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous)symbols0101 mathematicsTotal Carbon Column Observing NetworkUncertainty analysis0105 earth and related environmental sciencesRemote sensingJournal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres
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Atomic layer deposition of polyimide thin films

2007

The atomic layer deposition (ALD) of different polyimide thin films has been studied. We have demonstrated self-limiting ALD deposition of PMDA–DAH, PMDA–EDA, PMDA–ODA and PMDA–PDA thin films at 160 °C. The maximum deposition rate of 5.8 A cycle−1 was obtained for the PMDA–DAH process. Although the deposition rate was high at 160 °C, a sudden decrease was observed when the temperature was increased. Regardless of the process studied, no film growth was obtained at 200 °C or above. Deposited polyimide films were analysed by FTIR, AFM and TOF-ERDA. According to the FTIR measurements, imide bonds were formed already in as-deposited films indicating polyimide formation without any additional th…

Atomic layer depositionChemical engineeringChemistryMaterials ChemistryAnalytical chemistryDeposition (phase transition)Lamellar structureGeneral ChemistryThermal treatmentFourier transform infrared spectroscopyThin filmFourier transform spectroscopyPolyimide
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FTIR spektrometrijas pielietošana silīcija apstrādes tehnoloģijas novērtēšanai

2018

KEPP EU AS tiek attīstīta un pilnveidota inovatīva silīcija attīrīšanas iekārta. Procesa gaitā izkausētā silīcija masā nonāk skābekļa, oglekļa, vara un alumīnija piemaisījumi, kuru koncentrācijas mazināšanai radītas jaunas iekārtas. Darba mērķis ir pārbaudīt attīrīšanas procesu uzlabojumu ietekmi uz iegūstamā silīcija tīrību, veicot iegūto silīcija kristālu piemaisījumu analīzi ar Furjē transformācijas infrasarkanās spektrometrijas palīdzību. Darbā tiek aplūkotas arī alternatīvās silīcija attīrīšanas metodes, alternatīvās piemaisījumu analīzes metodes, tiek noskaidrotas skābekļa un oglekļa piemaisījumu koncentrācijas analizētajos silīcija paraugos un analizēti to avoti. Iegūtie rezultāti pa…

Attīrīšanas metodesPiemaisījumiFurjē transformācijas infrasarkanā spektrometrijaFizikaGāzizlādes elektronu kūļa lielgabalsSilīcijs
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Transforming Experience: The Potential of Augmented Reality and Virtual Reality for Enhancing Personal and Clinical Change

2016

During life, many personal changes occur. These include changing house, school, work, and even friends and partners. However, the daily experience shows clearly that, in some situations, subjects are unable to change even if they want to. The recent advances in psychology and neuroscience are now providing a better view of personal change, the change affecting our assumptive world: (a) the focus of personal change is reducing the distance between self and reality (conflict); (b) this reduction is achieved through (1) an intense focus on the particular experience creating the conflict or (2) an internal or external reorganization of this experience; (c) personal change requires a progression…

Augmented reality Virtual Reality Personal Change sense of presencebody swappinglcsh:RC435-571Revieweating disordersVirtual realityStructuring050105 experimental psychology03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineanxiety disorderslcsh:PsychiatryAcute pain; Anxiety disorders; Augmented reality; Body swapping; Eating disorders; Personal change; Post-traumatic stress disorder; Virtual reality; Psychiatry and Mental HealthAdded valueSettore M-PSI/01 - PSICOLOGIA GENERALEVirtuality (gaming)0501 psychology and cognitive sciencespsychosisPsychiatryFocus (computing)Depression05 social sciencesacute painaugmented realityPsychiatry and Mental healthTransformative learningSystematic reviewvirtual realitypost-traumatic stress disorderAugmented realityChronic PainM-PSI/01 - PSICOLOGIA GENERALEPsychologySocial psychology030217 neurology & neurosurgerypersonal changeCognitive psychologyFrontiers in Psychiatry
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Effect of Plastic hot deformation on the hardness and continuous cooling transformations of 22MnB5 micro-alloyed boron steel

2009

The strains, transformation temperatures, microstructure, and microhardness of a microalloyed boron and aluminum precoated steel, which has been isothermally deformed under uniaxial tensile tests, have been investigated at temperatures between 873 and 1223 K, using a fixed strain rate value of 0.08 s−1. The effect of each factor, such as temperature and strain value, has been later valued considering the shift generated on the continuous cooling transformation (CCT) diagram. The experimental results consist of the starting temperatures that occur for each transformation, the microhardness values, and the obtained microstructure at the end of each thermomechanical treatment. All the thermome…

AusteniteMaterials scienceBainiteMetallurgyMetals and AlloysHot stampingengineering.materialStrain rateContinuous cooling transformationCondensed Matter PhysicsMicrostructureIndentation hardness22MnB5 continuous cooling transformationsMechanics of MaterialsengineeringMicroalloyed steelComposite material
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Wavelets Image Analysis for Friction Stir Processed TiNi Functional Behavior Characterization

2015

Abstract A key topic regarding Ti Ni Shape Memory materials concerns the possibility to attain welded junctions that preserves the shape memory properties of material. Other research topic for SMAs regards the retention of the shape memory effect cyclic stability; in fact, good shape memory properties frequently decrease during SME cycling of material. A method able to improve the cyclic stability of TiNi shape memory effect is the grain refinement. Considering these above mentioned research topics, a solid state welding process, as the Friction Stir Welding, is thus attractive for SMA joining and it exhibits potentials for achieving welded joints affected by microstructural changes that pr…

AusteniteWavelets image analysis Friction Stir Processing Shape memory alloyFriction stir processingMaterials scienceShape memory alloys.MetallurgyWavelets image analysisGeneral MedicineWeldingShape-memory alloyFriction Stir ProcessingMicrostructurelaw.inventionlawDiffusionless transformationMartensiteFriction stir weldingComposite materialEngineering(all)Procedia Engineering
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The moderator role of followers’ personality traits in the relations between leadership styles, two types of task performance and work result satisfa…

2014

Authentic leadership is changing our understanding of what makes good leadership. However, few studies have explored how followers’ individual differences and the nature of the task they perform affect its relation to followers’ work outcomes. We examine the moderator role of two core task types (intellective vs. generative) and two personality traits (conscientiousness and emotional stability) in the relationship between two leadership feedback styles (authentic vs. transactional) and task performance or work result satisfaction in a two-wave experiment. The sample consisted of 228 participants enrolled in an organizational psychology course, 34% of whom had work experience. Our results sh…

Authentic leadershipOrganizational Behavior and Human Resource ManagementTransformational leadershipTransactional leadershipLeadership styleConscientiousnessIndustrial and organizational psychologyBig Five personality traitsModerationPsychologySocial psychologyApplied PsychologyEuropean Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology
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TGF-β signalling is required for CD4⁺ T cell homeostasis but dispensable for regulatory T cell function.

2013

Signalling by the cytokine TGF-β regulates mature CD4+ T cell populations but is not involved in the survival and function of regulatory T cells.

Autoimmunity10263 Institute of Experimental ImmunologyT-Lymphocytes RegulatoryMiceInterleukin 210302 clinical medicineTransforming Growth Factor beta2400 General Immunology and MicrobiologyHomeostasisCytotoxic T cellIL-2 receptorBiology (General)0303 health sciencesGeneral Neuroscience2800 General NeurosciencePeripheral toleranceFOXP3ColitisNatural killer T cell3. Good healthCell biologymedicine.anatomical_structureGeneral Agricultural and Biological SciencesResearch ArticleSignal TransductionRegulatory T cellQH301-705.5Receptors Antigen T-Cell610 Medicine & health1100 General Agricultural and Biological SciencesThymus GlandBiologyGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biology03 medical and health sciences1300 General Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyLymphopeniamedicineAnimalsAntigen-presenting cellCell Proliferation030304 developmental biologyInflammationIntegrasesGeneral Immunology and MicrobiologyReproducibility of ResultsMice Inbred C57BLTamoxifenImmunologyNIH 3T3 Cells570 Life sciences; biologyGene Deletion030215 immunologyPLoS Biology
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Automorphism Groups of Certain Rational Hypersurfaces in Complex Four-Space

2014

The Russell cubic is a smooth contractible affine complex threefold which is not isomorphic to affine three-space. In previous articles, we discussed the structure of the automorphism group of this variety. Here we review some consequences of this structure and generalize some results to other hypersurfaces which arise as deformations of Koras–Russell threefolds.

Automorphism groupPure mathematics010102 general mathematicsStructure (category theory)Space (mathematics)Automorphism01 natural sciencesContractible spaceAlgebraMathematics::Algebraic GeometryAffine representation0103 physical sciencesAstrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics010307 mathematical physicsAffine transformation0101 mathematicsVariety (universal algebra)Mathematics
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