Search results for "Tropic"

showing 10 items of 1375 documents

Monte Carlo simulations of the solid-liquid transition in hard spheres and colloid-polymer mixtures

2010

Monte Carlo simulations at constant pressure are performed to study coexistence and interfacial properties of the liquid-solid transition in hard spheres and in colloid-polymer mixtures. The latter system is described as a one-component Asakura-Oosawa (AO) model where the polymer's degrees of freedom are incorporated via an attractive part in the effective potential for the colloid-colloid interactions. For the considered AO model, the polymer reservoir packing fraction is eta_p^r=0.1 and the colloid-polymer size ratio is q=sigma_p/\sigma=0.15 (with sigma_p and sigma the diameter of polymers and colloids, respectively). Inhomogeneous solid-liquid systems are prepared by placing the solid fc…

ANISOTROPIC SURFACE-TENSIONMaterials scienceMonte Carlo methodDegrees of freedom (physics and chemistry)General Physics and AstronomyThermodynamicsCondensed Matter - Soft Condensed MatterCAPILLARY WAVESAtomic packing factorCOMPUTER-SIMULATIONVAPOR INTERFACE3-DIMENSIONAL ISING-MODELColloidsymbols.namesakePhase (matter)Physical and Theoretical ChemistryCOEXISTING PHASESchemistry.chemical_classificationCondensed Matter - Materials ScienceINTERFACIAL FREE-ENERGYPROFILESHard spheresPolymerCondensed Matter::Soft Condensed MatterchemistryCRYSTAL-MELT INTERFACESBoltzmann constantsymbolsCRYSTALLIZATIONThe Journal of Chemical Physics
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Two New Alternatives to the Conventional Arm-in-Cage Test for Assessing Topical Repellents

2021

Abstract European guidelines for testing attractant and repellent efficacy (i.e., Product type 19 [PT19]) have been in revision since 2017. A key topic of discussion is the current approach to evaluating topical repellents. The European Chemical Agency has stated field testing should be avoided because of mosquito-borne disease risks. However, the most common laboratory method, the arm-in-cage (AIC) test, may limit the reliable extrapolation of lab results to field conditions. This study’s main goal was to assess alternative laboratory methods for evaluating topical mosquito repellents that use mosquito landing rates more representative of those in the field. The study took place at three E…

AcademicSubjects/SCI01382Aedes albopictus030231 tropical medicineDEETToxicology03 medical and health sciencesroom test0302 clinical medicineTesting protocolsAedesVector Control Pest Management Resistance RepellentsAnimalsHumansAcademicSubjects/MED00860030304 developmental biology0303 health sciencesLaboratory methodsGeneral Veterinarybiologylanding rateAedes albopictusbiology.organism_classificationTest (assessment)testing protocolsInfectious DiseasesbioassayInsect RepellentsInsect ScienceBiological AssayParasitologyField conditionsJournal of Medical Entomology
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Image-guided endonasal transsphenoidal microsurgical treatment of recurrent microadenomas of the pituitary gland.

2006

BACKGROUND Neuronavigation is a commonly used technology that provides continuous, three-dimensional information for the precise localization of and surgical trajectory to brain lesions. This study was performed to evaluate the role that navigation can play in assisting microsurgical transsphenoidal surgery for precise localization and removal of recurrent pituitary tumours while simultaneously preserving pituitary gland function. METHOD During a 6-month period -- July 2004 until December 2004 -- 9 patients with recurrent pituitary tumours (5 female and 4-male) were treated with navigation-guided transsphenoidal microsurgical resection. Surgery was performed via a paraseptal or endonasal tr…

AdenomaAdultMalePituitary glandmedicine.medical_specialtyMicrosurgeryNeuronavigationAdenomamedicine.medical_treatmentmedicineHumansPituitary NeoplasmsSella TurcicaNeuronavigationRetrospective StudiesTranssphenoidal surgerybusiness.industryGeneral MedicineMicrosurgeryMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseSurgerymedicine.anatomical_structureNeuroendoscopyTreatment OutcomeCavernous sinusSurgeryFemaleNeurology (clinical)Corticotropic cellNeoplasm Recurrence LocalbusinessMinimally invasive neurosurgery : MIN
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Perfusion MRI in normal and abnormal pituitary gland. A preliminary study.

1997

Perfusion MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) of the pituitary gland was performed in 20 healthy volunteers and 63 patients with various lesions involving the pituitary gland. All patients underwent sequential contrast-enhanced MRI using spoiled gradient recalled sequences with high temporal resolution (7 seconds). Four pituitary areas (pituitary stalk, posterior lobe, postero-superior, and antero-inferior adenohypophysis) were tested with a selected region of interest. Maximal contrast percentual variation was calculated. The timing of enhancement in normal patients matched perfectly with normal pituitary vascularization. Abnormal timing in pathological condition was investigated.

AdenomaGadolinium DTPAMalePituitary glandPathologymedicine.medical_specialtyPituitary diseasePituitary DiseasesContrast MediaDiagnosis DifferentialAdrenocorticotropic HormoneRegion of interestReference ValuesmedicineImage Processing Computer-AssistedHumansRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingPituitary NeoplasmsProlactinomaPathologicalPituitary stalkmedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryMagnetic resonance imagingmedicine.diseaseMagnetic Resonance ImagingLobemedicine.anatomical_structureRegional Blood FlowPituitary GlandFemalebusinessNuclear medicinePerfusionClinical imaging
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Use of illicit and prescription drugs for cognitive or mood enhancement among surgeons.

2012

Background Surgeons are usually exposed to high workloads leading to fatigue and stress. This not only increases the likelihood of mistakes during surgery but also puts pressure on surgeons to use drugs to counteract fatigue, distress, concentration deficits, burnout or symptoms of depression. The prevalence of surgeons taking pharmacological cognitive enhancement (CE) or mood enhancement (ME) drugs has not been systematically assessed so far. Methods Surgeons who attended five international conferences in 2011 were surveyed with an anonymous self-report questionnaire (AQ) regarding the use of prescription or illicit drugs for CE and ME and factors associated with their use. The Randomized …

AdultAged 80 and overMalePsychotropic DrugsPrescription DrugsIllicit DrugsMiddle AgedDrug UtilizationYoung AdultPhysiciansSurveys and QuestionnairesHumansSurgeon(s)FemalePrescription drug(s)Nootropic AgentsStimulant(s)AgedResearch ArticleCognitive enhancementBMC medicine
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Acute hormonal responses to heavy resistance exercise in younger and older men

1998

The purpose of this investigation was to examine the acute responses of several hormones [total and free testosterone (TT and FT, respectively), adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), cortisol (C), growth hormone (GH), and insulin (INS)] to a single bout of heavy resistance exercise (HRE). Eight younger [30-year (30y) group] and nine older [62-year (62y) group] men matched for general physical characteristics and activity levels performed four sets of ten repetitions maximum (RM) squats with 90 s rest between sets. Blood samples were obtained from each subject via an indwelling cannula with a saline lock pre-exercise, immediately post-exercise (IP), and 5, 15 and 30 min post-exercise. Levels o…

AdultBlood GlucoseMaleAgingmedicine.medical_specialtyHydrocortisoneWeight LiftingPhysiologymedicine.medical_treatmentPhysical exerciseAdrenocorticotropic hormoneAdrenocorticotropic HormonePhysiology (medical)Internal medicinemedicineHumansInsulinEndocrine systemTestosteroneOrthopedics and Sports MedicineLactic AcidSalineTestosteroneHuman Growth Hormonebusiness.industryInsulinPublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthArea under the curveGeneral MedicineMiddle AgedHormonesEndocrinologybusinessHormoneEuropean Journal of Applied Physiology
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The Metabolic Profile in Active Acromegaly is Gender-Specific.

2012

CONTEXT: The sexual dimorphism of the somatotroph axis has been documented, but whether the acromegaly-related metabolic alterations are gender-dependent has never been investigated. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to evaluate the impact of gender on the metabolic parameters in acromegaly. DESIGN: We conducted a retrospective, comparative, multicenter study. PATIENTS: The 307 newly diagnosed acromegalic patients included in the study were grouped by gender: 157 men (aged 48.01 ± 14.28 yr), and 150 women (aged 48.67 ± 14.95 yr; of which 77 were premenopausal and 73 postmenopausal). OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS: We measured each component of the metabolic syndrome (MS), hemoglobin A1c, the areas …

AdultBlood GlucoseMalemedicine.medical_specialtySomatotropic cellEndocrinology Diabetes and Metabolismmedicine.medical_treatmentClinical BiochemistryContext (language use)Intra-Abdominal FatBiochemistrySettore MED/13 - EndocrinologiaCohort StudiesEndocrinologyInsulin resistanceInternal medicineAcromegalygendermedicineHumansInsulinAgedRetrospective StudiesSex Characteristicsbusiness.industryInsulinBiochemistry (medical)FastingMiddle Agedmedicine.diseasemetabolic profileObesitySexual dimorphismEndocrinologyAcromegalyMetabolomeFemaleMetabolic syndromeInsulin Resistancebusiness
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Capacity assessment for provision of quality sexual reproductive health and HIV-integrated services in Karamoja, Uganda

2020

Introduction: Sexual and reproductive health (SRH) and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) are crucial global health issues. Uganda continues to sustain a huge burden of HIV and AIDS.
 Methods: A cross-sectional health facility-based assessment was performed in November and December 2016 in Karamoja Region, northern Uganda. All the 126 health facilities (HFs) in Karamoja, including 5 hospitals and 121 Health Centers (HCs), covering 51 sub-counties of the 7 districts were assessed. We assessed the capacity of a) leadership and governance, b) human resource, c) service delivery, d) SRH and HIV service integration and e) users satisfaction and perceptions.
 Results: 64% of the establi…

AdultCapacity BuildingAdolescentService delivery framework030231 tropical medicineStaffingHIV InfectionsSettore MED/42 - Igiene Generale E ApplicataYoung Adult03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineAcquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)Health facilitySurveys and QuestionnairesEnvironmental healthGlobal healthHumansMedicineUgandaHIV-Integrated ServicesHuman resourcesReproductive healthService (business)Delivery of Health Care Integratedbusiness.industryArticlesGeneral MedicineMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseQuality Sexual Reproductive HealthQuality Sexual Reproductive Health HIV-Integrated Services Karamoja UgandaCross-Sectional StudiesReproductive HealthSocioeconomic FactorsFemaleReproductive Health ServicesHealth FacilitiesSexual HealthbusinessKaramoja
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Indications of the occurrence of inflammatory reactions in the clinical improvement phase in multiple sclerosis patients.

2009

– In patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) the spontaneous burst activity (BA) of peripheral blood mononuclear cells was related to the clinical course of the disease. In five patients clinical improvement was found while the BA was significantly increased (more than 300% of the controls). During the appearance of new or deteriorating signs and in the period without clinical changes, the BA was not at all or not markedly increased. In two patients without clinical improvement the BA did not reach levels above 300% of the controls. Our findings suggest that inflammatory reactions represented by the BA occur in the phase of clinical improvement. Since burst-stimulating activity was found in t…

AdultCentral Nervous SystemMaleMultiple SclerosisDiseasePeripheral blood mononuclear cellMonocytesAdrenocorticotropic HormonePrednisoneMedicineHumansIn patientInflammationBiological Productsbusiness.industryMultiple sclerosisClinical courseGeneral Medicinemedicine.diseasePeripheralNeurologyImmunologyLuminescent MeasurementsCytokinesPrednisoneFemaleNeurology (clinical)businessmedicine.drugActa neurologica Scandinavica
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Neural-level associations of non-verbal pragmatic comprehension in young Finnish autistic adults

2021

This video-based study examines the pragmatic non-verbal comprehension skills and corresponding neural-level findings in young Finnish autistic adults, and controls. Items from the Assessment Battery of Communication (ABaCo) were chosen to evaluate the comprehension of non-verbal communication. Inter-subject correlation (ISC) analysis of the functional magnetic resonance imaging data was used to reveal the synchrony of brain activation across participants during the viewing of pragmatically complex scenes of ABaCo videos. The results showed a significant difference between the ISC maps of the autistic and control groups in tasks involving the comprehension of non-verbal communication, there…

AdultHealth (social science)non-verbalEpidemiologyRC955-962fMRsanaton viestintävideobehavioral disciplines and activitiesDevelopmental psychology03 medical and health sciencesNonverbal communicationtoiminnallinen magneettikuvaus0302 clinical medicineBehavior TherapyautismiArctic medicine. Tropical medicineautistic adultsHumansOriginal Research Article030212 general & internal medicineAutistic DisorderAutism spectrum; autistic adults; fMRI; non-verbal; pragmatics; videoFinland030505 public healthnonverbalfMRIPublic Health Environmental and Occupational Healthautismikirjon häiriötGeneral MedicinePragmaticsMagnetic Resonance ImagingComprehensionpragmatiikkaAutism spectrumautism spectrumComprehension0305 other medical sciencePsychologypragmaticsResearch ArticleInternational Journal of Circumpolar Health
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