Search results for "Turing"
showing 10 items of 2644 documents
Monitoring of headspace volatiles in milk‐cereal‐based liquid infant foods during storage
2006
The effect of storage (time and temperature) on the evolution of pentanal, hexanal, heptanal and pentane as volatile lipid oxidation products in two liquid ready-to-eat milk-cereal-based infant foods was studied. An SPME-GC method was used to this effect. Samples were stored for 9 months at 25, 30 and 37 °C and tested eight times during this period. Freshly produced infant foods contained pentanal, hexanal and heptanal (mean values: 10.71, 71.5 and 1.2 μg/kg, respectively), which decreased during the first 3 months of storage, although from the fourth month onwards no significant differences among storage times were found. Aldehyde content was inversely proportional to storage temperature. …
Study of forming mechanics of magnetic field–assisted single point incremental forming
2022
This paper describes the forming characteristics and mechanics of magnetic field–assisted single point incremental forming (M-SPIF) in which an Nd-Fe-B magnet ball tool is placed on top of a piece of sheet metal and is driven by an Nd-Fe-B magnet placed below the workpiece. To gain an understanding of the force mechanics that power M-SPIF, the tool motion and forming force were experimentally analyzed. In M-SPIF, the forming force is applied multi-directionally, and the resultant force direction is nearly colinear with the polarity of the permanent magnet ball tool. This suggests that the forming characteristics in M-SPIF may be controllable by controlling the magnetic polarity of the tool.
ZrTiO4 materials obtained by spark plasma reaction-sintering
2014
Zirconium titanate (ZrTiO4), have many attractive properties such as high resistivity, high dielectric constant, high permittivity at microwave frequencies and excellent temperature stability for microwave properties. Zirconium titanate dense materials are proposed for many structural applications, but fully reacted and completely dense pieces are difficult to obtain by conventional routes. In this work, fully dense zirconium titanate materials (∼98%) were obtained at lower temperatures (1300-1400 C) and short processing time by non-conventional technique; spark plasma-reaction sintering (SPRS). Homogeneous and stable starting powders mixture with the adequate composition was prepared from …
Quantifying sunk costs and learning effects in R&D persistence
2020
Abstract This paper analyzes and quantifies the fundamental factors that are likely to cause persistence in performing R&D activities: the existence of sunk costs associated with R&D activities and the process of learning that characterizes this type of activity. We estimate our model with Spanish manufacturing firms for the period 1991-2014. By decomposing the effects of sunk costs and learning effects, we find that both are important determinants of R&D persistence, and that failing to allow for learning systematically overestimates sunk cost effects. Both large firms and SMEs benefit from direct and indirect (via productivity) effects of R&D experience, but in large firms this is more li…
Solids and Hydraulic Retention Time Effect on N2O Emission from Moving-Bed Membrane Bioreactors
2018
Biological nutrient removal was operated at different solids (SRT) and hydraulic retention times (HRT) in order to assess their influence on nitrous oxide (N2O) emission from a hybrid moving-bed membrane bioreactor. The observed results show that the N2O production decreased when the SRT/HRT was decreased. The maximum N2O gaseous concentration was measured in the aerobic reactor at the end of phase I, and it decreased through phases II and III. From mass balances over the reactors of the system, the aerated (aerobic and membrane) reactors were the largest producers of N2O, showing that the greater part of N2O was produced during the nitrification process.
Stability of mycophenolate mofetil in polypropylene 5% dextrose infusion bags and chemical compatibility associated with the use of the Equashield ® …
2019
Stability studies are necessary in healthcare settings as they facilitate fast, cost-effective and efficient work related to batch manufacturing and availability of supplies. We studied the stability of 1-10 mg/mL mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) in polypropylene 5% dextrose infusion bags prepared from Cellcept® and with a generic brand name (Micofenolato de Mofetilo Accord) at different storage temperatures. To ensure chemical compatibility during preparation, we also tested MMF sorption to the Equashield® closed-system drug transfer device used in this step. For this, a validated stability-indicating high-performance liquid chromatography method was developed for the quantification and identif…
Exon deletions of the phenylalanine hydroxylase gene in Italian hyperphenylalaninemics
2009
A consistent finding of many studies describing the spectrum of mutant phenylalanine hydroxylase (PAH) alleles underlying hyperphenylalaninemia is the impossibility of achieving a 100% mutation ascertainment rate using conventional gene-scanning methods. These methods include denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE), denaturing high performance liquid chromatography (DHPLC), and direct sequencing. In recent years, it has been shown that a significant proportion of undetermined alleles consist of large deletions overlapping one or more exons. These deletions have been difficult to detect in compound heterozygotes using gene-scanning methods due to a masking effect of the non-deleted al…
Die Bestimmung von Molybdän im Most und Wein X. Mitteilung
1961
Zur Bestimmung von Molybdanspuren im Most und Wein wird ein modifiziertes Rhodanidverfahren empfohlen. Seine Leistungsfahigkeit wird gezeigt.
Zur Kenntnis des Pyrokohlens�uredi�thylesters
1967
Die Umsatzprodukte von Pflanzenphenolen, Hydroxysauren, Aminosauren und Athanol mit Pyrokohlensaurediathylester werden von den Verdauungsenzymen so rasch und so ergiebig gespalten, das mit einer Resorption derselben nicht zu rechnen ist. Sie werfen daher, vom Gesichtspunkt der Vertraglichkeit her gesehen, keine Probleme auf. Die Umsatzprodukte mit Ascorbinsaure (Mono- und Dicarbathoxy-ascorbinsaure) werden durch die Verdauungsenzyme nicht gespalten. Untersuchungen mit den mit14C markierten Carbathoxyverbindungen der Ascorbinsaure ergaben: Die Verwendung von Pyrokohlensaurediathylester zur Behandlung von Fruchtsaften und Wein wirft daher keine toxikologischen Probleme auf und ist von der ges…
Über nichtenzymatische Bräunungsreaktionen und ihre physiologischen Folgen I. Mitteilung
1956
Auf Grund neuerer Literatur wird ein Uberblick uber das chemische und ernahrungsphysiologische Problem der nichtenzymatischen Braunungsreaktion zwischen Eiweis und reduzierenden Zuckern gegeben. Die Bedingungen fur den Eintritt einer Braunungsreaktion, die chemischen Vorgange und die Zusammensetzung der dabei entstehenden Verbindungen werden erortert. Insbesondere werden die Ergebnisse einer Reihe von biologischen Versuchen besprochen, in denen eine Verminderung des Eiweisnahrwertes infolge der Braunungsreaktion nachgewiesen worden ist.