Search results for "Turing"

showing 10 items of 2644 documents

The influence of the quantum nature of nuclei in high harmonic generation from H+2-like molecular ions

2013

We study the full quantum dynamics of a simple molecular ion driven by an intense laser field. In particular we show that the quantum nature of the nuclear dynamics affects the emitted high harmonic generation (HHG) spectra, strongly reshaping the plateau region. In fact, it is evident that the characteristic flat trend is transformed into a descending trend, with the lower harmonics being two orders of magnitude more intense than the higher harmonics. We show that this effect is more pronounced in the lighter isotopic species of H2+ molecular ions and we also demonstrate that in this case the contribution to HHG from the antibonding electronic energetic surface is of the same order of magn…

PhysicsField (physics)Quantum dynamicsCondensed Matter PhysicsAntibonding molecular orbitalIndustrial and Manufacturing EngineeringAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsIonHarmonicsHigh harmonic generationAtomic physicsInstrumentationQuantumOrder of magnitudeLaser Physics
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Turing Patterns in Nonlinear Optics

2000

The phenomenon of pattern formation in nonlinear optical resonators is commonly related to an off-resonance excitation mechanism, where patterns occur due to mismatch between the excitation and resonance frequency. In this paper we show that the patterns in nonlinear optics can also occur due to the interplay between diffractions of coupled field components. The reported mechanism is analogous to that of local activation and lateral inhibition found in reaction-diffusion systems by Turing. We study concretely the degenerate optical parametric oscillators. A local activator-lateral inhibitor mechanism is responsible for generation of Turing patterns in form of hexagons.

PhysicsField (physics)genetic structuresDegenerate energy levelsNonlinear opticsPattern formationFOS: Physical sciencesPattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)Nonlinear Sciences - Pattern Formation and SolitonsNonlinear Sciences - Adaptation and Self-Organizing SystemsAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsResonatorClassical mechanicsLateral inhibitionElectrical and Electronic EngineeringPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryTuringcomputerAdaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)ExcitationPhysics - Opticscomputer.programming_languageOptics (physics.optics)
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On-axis diffractional behavior of two-dimensional pupils

2010

We show that, at any Fresnel number, a suitable one-dimensional Fourier transform relates the complex-amplitude distribution along the optical axis with the zero-order circular harmonic of the amplitude transmittance of a two-dimensional diffracting screen. First, our general result is applied to recognize that any rationally nonsymmetric screen generates an axial-irradiance distribution that exhibits focal shift. In this way we identify a wide set of two-dimensional screens that produce the same focal shift as that produced by the clear circular aperture. Second, we identify several apodizers for shaping the axial-amplitude distribution. We discuss some examples for achieving high-precisio…

PhysicsFresnel zoneAperturebusiness.industryMaterials Science (miscellaneous)Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsFresnel integralIndustrial and Manufacturing EngineeringOptical axissymbols.namesakeOpticsFourier transformApodizationsymbolsFresnel numberBusiness and International ManagementFocus (optics)businessApplied Optics
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Strehl ratio versus defocus for noncentrally obscured pupils.

1994

We discuss from the viewpoint of the Strehl ratio versus defocus, or the normalized axial-irradiance distribution, the influence of decentering the dark mask of an annular pupil. Our treatment, which is valid for pupil apertures with any Fresnel number, permits us to infer that the axial behavior of a noncentrally obscured pupil is equivalent to that of an apodizer with continuous amplitude variations. Hence the Strehl ratio versus defocus of an optical system can be shaped by use of noncentered dark masks that act as continuous gray apodizers. Several numerically evaluated examples are presented.

PhysicsFresnel zoneSpatial filterImage qualitybusiness.industryMaterials Science (miscellaneous)Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsPhysics::OpticsStrehl ratioIndustrial and Manufacturing EngineeringPupilAmplitudeOpticsFresnel numberBusiness and International ManagementbusinessApplied optics
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Focal switch: a new effect in low-Fresnel-number systems

2010

It is shown for the first time we believe, that when a spherical wave illuminates a certain type of diffracting screen, in addition to the expected focal-shift effect, depending on the value of the Fresnel number of the focusing system, a focal switch effect can appear, i.e., an increase in the height of the lateral lobe of the axial-intensity distribution over that of the central lobe.

PhysicsFresnel zonebusiness.industryMaterials Science (miscellaneous)Industrial and Manufacturing EngineeringLobeHuygens–Fresnel principlesymbols.namesakeOpticsmedicine.anatomical_structureInterference (communication)Spherical wavesymbolsCentral lobemedicineFresnel numberBusiness and International ManagementFocal switchbusinessApplied Optics
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Spatial recurrence strategies reveal different routes to Turing pattern formation in chemical systems

2009

We analyze the temporal evolution of hexagonal Turing patterns in two Belousov–Zhabotinsky reactions performed in water-in-oil reverse micro-emulsions under different experimental conditions. The two reactions show different routes to pattern formation through localized spots and through a self replication mechanism. The Generalized Recurrence Plot (GRP) and the Generalized Recurrence Quantification Analysis (GRQA) are used for the investigation of spatial patterns and clearly reveal the different routes leading to the formation of stationary Turing structures.

PhysicsGeneral Physics and AstronomyPattern formationSpatial recurrence plotsBelousov–Zhabotinsky reactionTuring patternsSelf-replicationRecurrence quantification analysisGeneralized recurrence quantification analysis; Spatial recurrence plotsSpatial ecologyRecurrence plotBiological systemTuringcomputerGeneralized recurrence quantification analysiscomputer.programming_languagePhysics Letters A
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Shock capturing methods in 1D numerical relativity

2008

A numerical code is presented which uses modern shock capturing methods to evolve spherically symmetric perfect fluid space-times. Harmonic slicing is used to ensure singularity avoidance, which is crucial in strong field situations. Some tests are presented, including an application to the stellar collapse problem.

PhysicsGravitational time dilationNumerical relativityClassical mechanicsTheory of relativityShock capturing methodRelativistic mechanicsPerfect fluidMechanicsIntroduction to the mathematics of general relativityTheoretical motivation for general relativityComputingMethodologies_COMPUTERGRAPHICS
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Simulation numérique du confort de sièges d'automobiles : comportement mécanique 3D de mousses de polyuréthanne ; optimisation 2D d'un profil simplif…

2000

Resume Dans cet article, le comportement mecanique de differentes mousses de polyurethanne (PU) est etudie. Une attention particuliere est portee sur la dependance par rapport au temps du comportement de ces dernieres, sous les hypotheses de la theorie des grandes deformations. Des tests experimentaux selectionnes parmi une base de donnee experimentale comprenant des essais de compression uniaxiale (en cyclage et relaxation) et des essais de cisaillement simple sont presentes. Une loi de comportement phenomenologique est developpee et utilisee pour modeliser le comportement mecanique de ces mousses polymeriques. La validation numerique de la loi de comportement utilisee est decrite grâce a …

PhysicsHigh strainMechanical EngineeringGeneral Materials ScienceCell structureHumanitiesIndustrial and Manufacturing EngineeringMécanique & Industries
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Single-shot color digital holography based on the fractional Talbot effect

2011

We present a method for recording on-axis color digital holograms in a single shot. Our system performs parallel phase-shifting interferometry by using the fractional Talbot effect for every chromatic channel simultaneously. A two-dimensional binary amplitude grating is used to generate Talbot periodic phase distributions in the reference beam. The interference patterns corresponding to the three chromatic channels are captured at once at different axial distances. In this scheme, one-shot recording and digital reconstruction allow for real-time measurement. Computer simulations and experimental results confirm the validity of our method.

PhysicsInterferometriaHolografiabusiness.industryMaterials Science (miscellaneous)HolographyComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISIONTalbot effectHolographyColorDigital holographyGratingInterference (wave propagation)Industrial and Manufacturing Engineeringlaw.inventionInterferometryOpticsInterferometrylawReference beamTalbot effectChromatic scaleBusiness and International ManagementbusinessDigital holography
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Analysis of the imaging method for assessment of the smile of laser diode bars.

2009

We study imaging systems designed to assess the smile of laser diode bars (LDBs). The magnification matrix is derived from the required sampling period and the geometries of the LDBs and the charge-coupled device (CCD) array. These image-forming systems present in-plane pure translation invariance, but in the case of anamorphic ones, lack in-plane rotation invariance. It is shown that the smile parameters of the image of the LDB are linked with the smile parameters of the LDB by simple mathematical expressions. The spatial resolution of such optical systems is estimated at approximately 1 microm for a mean wavelength of lambda approximately 800 nm. Our results suggest that, with the current…

PhysicsLaser diodebusiness.industryMaterials Science (miscellaneous)Optical instrumentMagnificationIndustrial and Manufacturing Engineeringlaw.inventionWavelengthOpticslawDigital image processingNear-field scanning optical microscopeBusiness and International ManagementbusinessRotation (mathematics)Image resolutionApplied optics
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