Search results for "Turing"

showing 10 items of 2644 documents

The effects of lasers on bond strength to ceramic materials: A systematic review and meta-analysis

2018

Lasers have recently been introduced as an alternative means of conditioning dental ceramic surfaces in order to enhance their adhesive strength to cements and other materials. The present systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to review and quantitatively analyze the available literature in order to determine which bond protocols and laser types are the most effective. A search was conducted in the Pubmed, Embase and Scopus databases for papers published up to April 2017. PRISMA guidelines for systematic review and meta-analysis were followed. Fifty-two papers were eligible for inclusion in the review. Twenty-five studies were synthesized quantitatively. Lasers were found to increase bo…

CeramicsHigh variabilitylcsh:MedicineMaterials testinglaw.inventionAdhesion strength030207 dermatology & venereal diseasesMathematical and Statistical Techniques0302 clinical medicinelawMaterials TestingCeramicComposite materiallcsh:ScienceMultidisciplinaryBond strengthResearch AssessmentSystematic reviewOptical Equipmentvisual_artMeta-analysisPhysical SciencesCementsvisual_art.visual_art_mediumEngineering and TechnologyStatistics (Mathematics)Research ArticleMaterials scienceSystematic ReviewsMaterials by StructureAmorphous SolidsMaterials ScienceEquipmentResearch and Analysis MethodsDental Materials03 medical and health sciencesBindersStatistical MethodsMaterials by AttributeSurface TreatmentsLaserslcsh:R030206 dentistryLaserManufacturing ProcessesComposite Materialslcsh:QGlassMathematicsMeta-AnalysisPLOS ONE
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Valorisation of industrial iron oxide waste to produce magnetic barium hexaferrite

2016

Barium M-type hexagonal ferrite (BaM, BaFe12O19) is an immensely important magnetic material, which we have successfully made from the simple valorisation of Fe-rich industrial waste from steel wire drawing, with addition of BaCO3 and heating in air to 1000 degrees C. The optimum ratio of Fe. Ba (producing 86 wt% BaM) was found to be 11: 1 (non-stoichiometric), and secondary phases of alpha-Fe2O3 (non-magnetic) and ZnFe2O4 (poorly antiferromagnetic) were always present. This material consisted of small submicron platelets. A hard magnetic ferrite was produced with Ms=48.6 A m(2) kg(-1) and H-c=211.5 kA m(-1). The highest density was achieved by sintering samples with Fe: Ba ratios of 11: 1 …

CeramicsMaterials scienceMagnetic PropertiesFERRITESSettore ING-IND/22 - Scienza e Tecnologia dei MaterialiIron oxideSettore ICAR/10 - Architettura Tecnica02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistrySustainable Chemistry01 natural sciences7. Clean energychemistry.chemical_compoundCeramics; Ferrites; Magnetic Properties; Sustainable Chemistry; Waste preventionFerritesSettore CHIM/03 - Chimica Generale e InorganicaWaste managementMetallurgySettore CHIM/07 - Fondamenti Chimici delle TecnologieGeneral ChemistryBarium hexaferrite021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology0104 chemical sciencesferrite manufacturing building material filler sustainabilitychemistryCERAMICSWaste preventionValorisation0210 nano-technologyWaste prevention
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Effects of femtosecond laser and other surface treatments on the bond strength of metallic and ceramic orthodontic brackets to zirconia.

2017

Femtosecond laser has been proposed as a method for conditioning zirconia surfaces to boost bond strength. However, metallic or ceramic bracket bonding to femtosecond lasertreated zirconia surfaces has not been tested. This study compared the effects of four conditioning techniques, including femtosecond laser irradiation, on shear bond strength (SBS) of metallic and ceramic brackets to zirconia.Three hundred zirconia plates were divided into five groups: 1) control (C); 2) sandblasting (APA); 3) silica coating and silane (SC); 4) femtosecond laser (FS); 5) sandblasting followed by femtosecond laser (APA+SC). A thermal imaging camera measured temperature changes in the zirconia during irrad…

CeramicsScanning electron microscopeOrthodontic Bracketslcsh:MedicineTissue AdhesionsCoating Materials030207 dermatology & venereal diseases0302 clinical medicineMedicine and Health SciencesSilaneElectron MicroscopyCubic zirconiaCeramicZirconium oxideComposite materiallcsh:ScienceMicroscopyMultidisciplinaryBond strengthBracketTemperatureOptical EquipmentMetalsvisual_artPhysical SciencesFemtosecondvisual_art.visual_art_mediumEngineering and TechnologyScanning Electron MicroscopyShear StrengthResearch ArticleMaterials scienceMaterials by StructureMaterials ScienceOral MedicineEquipmentOrthodonticsResearch and Analysis MethodsENPEP gene03 medical and health sciencesCoatingsAdhesivesShear strengthMaterials by AttributeUniversal testing machineSurface TreatmentsLaserslcsh:R030206 dentistryManufacturing ProcessesMicroscopy Electron Scanninglcsh:QZirconiumPLoS ONE
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Color encoding for polychromatic single-channel optical pattern recognition

2010

The common multichannel system for recognizing colored images is replaced by a color-encoded single-channel system. Amethod inspired by the Munsell color system is used for encoding the different colors as phase and amplitude functions. It is shown that for many practical cases the phase information part of the color code is sufficient for obtaining good results. An implementation based on a liquid-crystal television panel that works in a phase-modulation mode is suggested. Computer simulations that demonstrate the capabilities of the suggested method are given as well as a comparison with previously published multichannel performance.

Channel (digital image)Computer sciencebusiness.industryMaterials Science (miscellaneous)Pattern recognitionImage processingColor spaceIndustrial and Manufacturing EngineeringMunsell color systemEncoding (memory)Pattern recognition (psychology)Artificial intelligenceBusiness and International ManagementbusinessColor codeApplied Optics
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Nonlinear pattern recognition correlators based on color-encoding single-channel systems.

2004

In color pattern recognition, color channels are normally processed separately and afterward the correlation outputs are combined. This is the definition of multichannel processing. We combine a single-channel method with nonlinear filtering based on nonlinear correlations. These nonlinear correlations yield better discrimination than common matched filtering. The method codes color information as amplitude and phase distributions and is followed by correlations related to binary decompositions. The technique is based on binary decompositions of the red, green, and blue and the hue, saturation, and intensity monochromatic channels of the reference and of the input scene, after which the bin…

Channel (digital image)business.industryNoise (signal processing)Materials Science (miscellaneous)Pattern recognitionColor spaceIndustrial and Manufacturing EngineeringNonlinear systemOpticsPattern recognition (psychology)Monochromatic colorArtificial intelligenceBusiness and International ManagementbusinessLinear filterHueMathematicsApplied optics
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Development of a dielectric spectroscopy technique for the determination of apple (Granny Smith) maturity

2010

Abstract Dielectric measurements of apple were done during its maturity in order to find relations with apple physiological compounds (sugar content, malic acid). An Agilent 85070E open-ended coaxial probe connected to an Agilent E8362B vector network analyzer were used in these experiments. All determinations were made at 30 °C from 500 MHz to 20 GHz. These assays were performed in order to consider the potential use of dielectric spectroscopy for determining the state of fruit maturity. Good correlations among apples Thiault Index with a new defined Dielectric Maturity Index were found. The Dielectric Maturity Index was related to loss factor at two punctual frequencies (0.5 GHz and dipol…

ChemistryAnalytical chemistryGeneral ChemistryDielectricMaturity (finance)Industrial and Manufacturing EngineeringDielectric spectroscopyCoaxial probeNon destructiveResearch articleClimactericBiological systemControl methodsFood ScienceInnovative Food Science & Emerging Technologies
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Hydrodynamics of a co-current three-phase solid-bed reactor for foaming systems

2001

The objective of the present study was to evaluate the parameters, which characterize the pulsing flow of the gas and liquid through a bed, namely the frequency of pulsation, the velocity of the pulses and the pulse structure, for foaming systems. The paper presents the results of experiments aimed at determining the effect of the foaming power and the surface tension of liquid phase on the values of the measured parameters.

ChemistryApplied MathematicsGeneral Chemical EngineeringFlow (psychology)ThermodynamicsGeneral ChemistryMechanicsTrickle-bed reactorIndustrial and Manufacturing EngineeringPower (physics)Pulse (physics)Condensed Matter::Soft Condensed MatterSurface tensionThree-phaseTwo-phase flowCurrent (fluid)Chemical Engineering Science
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Vorkommen freier Phosphors�ure in Lebensmitteln

1961

Phosphate sind obligate Bestandteile aller lebenden Gewebe und damit auch aller pflanzlichen und tierischen Nahrungsmittel. Ein Teil des Gesamtphosphates liegt in anorganischer Form und je nach dem pH als freie Phosphorsaure, primares, sekundares oder tertiares Phosphat vor. Lebensmittel, die von Natur aus sauer genug sind (pH unter 4,0), das in ihnen freie Phosphorsaure vorkommen mus, sind in erster Linie Obstsafte und Weine. Den hochsten Phosphorsaure-Gehalt unter den untersuchten Obstsaften hatte ein handelsublicher Citronensaft mit einer Konzentration von rund 1 mmol/l.

ChemistryBotanyGeneral ChemistryBiochemistryIndustrial and Manufacturing EngineeringFood ScienceBiotechnologyZeitschrift f�r Lebensmittel-Untersuchung und -Forschung
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PRELIMINARY CHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF TUNISIN MONOVARIETAL VIRGIN OLIVE OILS AND COMPARISON WITH SICILIAN ONES.

2007

Work was carried out on the characterization of monovarietal virgin olive oils (VOO) from Tunisia and Sicily (Italy). The two main Tunisian VOO (cvv. Chétoui of the North and cv. Chemlali grown in the Center and some regions of the South) and three principal Sicilian VOO (cvv. Nocellara del Belice, Biancolilla and Cerasuola) were studied. Moreover, the Chétoui oils were tested in a rain-fed control and an irrigation regime. All olive samples were picked at three different stages of ripeness. Analyses of major components (fatty acids and triacylglycerols) and minor ones (squalene, tocopherols and phenolic compounds) were carried out. Chétoui oils had a higher level of phenolic compounds foll…

ChemistryCOMPOSITIONVIRGIN OLIVE OILGeneral ChemistryRipenessIndustrial and Manufacturing Engineeringlanguage.human_languageTRIACYLGLYCEROLSHorticultureVegetable oilANTIOXIDANTSBotanyEdible oillanguageSicilianPHENOLSFood ScienceBiotechnologyOlive oil
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Transfer coefficients for the liquid–vapor interface of a two-component mixture

2011

Abstract We present the excess entropy production for heat and mass transport across an interface of a non-ideal two-component mixture, using as interface variables the excess densities proposed by Gibbs. With the help of these variables we define the interface as an autonomous system in local equilibrium and study its transport properties. The entropy production determines the conjugate fluxes and forces, and equivalent forms are given. The forms contain finite differences of intensive variables into and across the surface as driving forces. These expressions for the fluxes serve as boundary conditions for integration across heterogeneous systems that are far from global equilibrium. The r…

ChemistryEntropy productionApplied MathematicsGeneral Chemical EngineeringEnthalpyFinite differenceThermodynamicsGeneral ChemistryIndustrial and Manufacturing EngineeringThermal conductivityMass transferHeat transferBoundary value problemOrder of magnitudeChemical Engineering Science
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