Search results for "Type 2"

showing 10 items of 1034 documents

Association of body mass index with COVID-19 related in-hospital death.

2022

Background: Patients with extreme body mass indices (BMI) could have an increased risk of death while hospitalized for COVID-19. Methods: The database of the International Severe Acute Respiratory and Emerging Infection Consortium (ISARIC) was used to assess the time to in-hospital death with competing-risks regression by sex and between the categories of BMI. Results: Data from 12,137 patients (age 60.0 ± 16.2 years, 59% males, BMI 29.4 ± 6.9 kg/m2 ) of 48 countries were available. By univariate analysis, underweight patients had a higher risk of mortality than the other patients (sub-hazard ratio (SHR) 1.75 [1.44e2.14]). Mortality was lower in normal (SHR 0.69 [0.58e0.85]), overweight (SH…

MaleAdultNutrition and DieteticsCOVID-19Middle AgedOverweightCritical Care and Intensive Care MedicineBody Mass IndexThinnessDiabetes Mellitus Type 2Risk FactorsHumansFemaleHospital MortalityAgedClinical nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland)
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Immune parameters identify Italian centenarians with a longer five-year survival independent of their health and functional status

2014

Centenarians are rare and exceptional individuals characterized by a peculiar phenotype. They are the best example of healthy aging in humans as most of them have escaped or substantially delayed the onset of major age-related diseases. Within this scenario, the purpose of the present work was to understand if immune status is associated with survival and health status in centenarians. To this aim, 116 centenarians were concomitantly characterized for their immunological, health and functional status, and followed-up for five-year survival. On the basis of previous knowledge we focused on a core of fundamental and basic immune parameters (number of leukocytes, monocytes, total lymphocytes, …

MaleAgingHelper T lymphocyteFrail ElderlyHealth StatusT-LymphocytesT cellCD3Kaplan-Meier EstimateType 2 diabetesAdaptive ImmunitycentenarianBiochemistryCD1903 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineEndocrinologyImmune systemGeneticsmedicineHumansCytotoxic T cellMolecular Biology030304 developmental biologyAged 80 and overSettore MED/04 - Patologia GeneraleB-Lymphocytes0303 health sciencesbiologyCell Biologyheath statumedicine.diseaseImmune parameters Centenarians Ageingmedicine.anatomical_structureDiabetes Mellitus Type 2CLUSTER ANALYSISImmunologySURVIVALbiology.proteinFemaleIMMUNE SYSTEMImmunologic Memory030217 neurology & neurosurgeryCD8Experimental Gerontology
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Interaction between Angiotensin Type 1, Type 2, and Mas Receptors to Regulate Adult Neurogenesis in the Brain Ventricular–Subventricular Zone

2019

The renin&ndash

MaleAgingproliferationNeurogenesisProliferationSubventricular zoneventricular–subventricular zoneBiologyModels BiologicalReceptor Angiotensin Type 2ArticleReceptor Angiotensin Type 1MiceNeuroblastNeural Stem CellsLateral VentriclesmedicineneurospheresAT1 receptorsAnimalsReceptorNeural stem cellsMice KnockoutAngiotensin II receptor type 1Cell growthAngiotensin IINeurogenesisagingAge FactorsGeneral MedicineImmunohistochemistryNeural stem cellOlfactory bulbCell biologyRatsVentricular–subventricular zonemedicine.anatomical_structurenervous systemAT2 receptorscardiovascular systemNeurosphereshormones hormone substitutes and hormone antagonistscirculatory and respiratory physiologyProtein BindingCells
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SARS CoV2 infection _The longevity study perspectives

2021

Graphical abstract

MaleAgingssRNA single-stranded RNARFLP restriction fragment length polymorphismHSPs heat shock proteinsReviewPTMs post-translational modificationsSevere Acute Respiratory SyndromeBiochemistryHIV-1 human immunodeficiency virus-1TNF-α tumor necrosis factor-αEC endothelial cells0302 clinical medicineFluAV influenza A virusI insertionMedicineIFN-γ interferon-γDIC disseminated intravascular coagulationPCR Polymerase Chain Reactionmedia_commonAged 80 and overLongevityRBD receptor-binding domainNeurologyLongevity modelMI myocardial infarctionNK natural killerhPIV2 human parainfluenza virus type 2media_common.quotation_subjectResearching genetic basis of resistance and potential pharmacological targetsLongevityDBP diastolic blood pressureNF-Kb nuclear transcription factor kBRANTES regulated upon activation normal T cell expressed and secretedMphi human macrophages03 medical and health sciencesCox 2 cyclooxygenase 2ORF open reading framePT prothrombin timeSettore MED/05 - Patologia ClinicaHumansMolecular BiologyInflammatory genesARDS acute respiratory distress syndromeNO nitric oxideD deletionCpGIs CpG islandsT2DM type 2 diabetes mellitusmedicine.diseaseFDP fibrin degradation products030104 developmental biologySARS CoV2 severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus 2 virusImmunologyBMI body max indexItalian nonagenarians/centenariansRSV respiratory syncytial virusComplication030217 neurology & neurosurgeryMAPK mitogen-activated protein kinaseIP-10 IFN-γ -Inducible Protein 1040301 basic medicineAT1R activity of angiotensin 1 receptorsDCs dentritic cellsSSCP single strand conformation polymorphismACE/DD polymorphism of the angiotensin converting enzymeFGF21 fibroblast growth factor 21TLR4 toll-like receptor 4NAD nicotinamide adenine dinucleotideACE angiotensin-I converting enzymeAT2R activity of angiotensin 2 receptorsCOVID-19 Coronavirus disease 2019Respiratory distressACE2 angiotensin converting enzyme 2MKP-1 mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase-1 ()PD protease domainSNP single nucleotide polymorphismEH essential hypertensionTNFR tumor necrosis factor receptorINR international normalized ratio of the prothrombin timePAI-1 plasminogen activator inhibitor-1Ang angiotensinLPS lipopolysaccharideMCP1 monocyte chemoattractant protein-1medicine.symptomaPTT partial thromboplastin timeBiotechnologyDUSP1 dual specificity phosphatase 1Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)PC prostate cancerRAS renin-angiotensin aldosterone systemCCR5Δ32 genetic variant of chemokine receptorCOVID-19 Researching genetic basis of resistance and potential pharmacological targets Italian nonagenarians/centenarians Longevity modelAsymptomaticSARS-1 severe acute respiratory syndrome virus 1SIRT-1 Sirtuin 1Th1 t-helper lymphocyte type 1Immune systemROS reactive oxygen speciesTGF-β transforming growth factor betaET-1 endothelin-1ComputingMethodologies_COMPUTERGRAPHICSADAM-17 metallopeptidase domain 17business.industrySARS-CoV-2SBP systolic blood pressureCOVID-19HDACs histone deacetylasesComorbidityImmune Systembusiness5-LO lipoxygenase 5Ageing Research Reviews
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Changes of arterial hemodynamics in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus or impaired glucose tolerance

2006

Aim: The aim of our study was to evaluate the arterial hemodynamics in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus or impaired glucose tolerance without clinical or Doppler evidence of peripheral arterial disease, in order to early detect vascular damage. Methods. We studied 20 subjects (12 men and 8 women, aged between 48 and 62 years) with type 2 diabetes mellitus (Group 1), 20 subjects (11 men and 9 women, aged between 49 and 61 years) with reduced glucose tolerance (Group 2), and 20 normal subjects (10 men and 10 women, aged between 48 and 62 years) (Group 3). Each subject underwent strain-gauge plethysmography and the following parameters were evaluated: rest flow (RF); peak flow (PF); PF/R…

MaleAnalysis of Variancearterial hemodynamics type 2 diabetes mellitus impaired glucose toleranceArtery Haemodynamics Diabetes mellitus Impaired glucose tolerance Strain-gauge plethysmographyBlood PressureHyperemiaArteriesMiddle AgedDiabetes Mellitus Type 2Lower ExtremityIschemiaRegional Blood FlowCase-Control StudiesGlucose IntoleranceHumansFemaleVascular Resistance
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Common variants of the liver fatty acid binding protein gene influence the risk of type 2 diabetes and insulin resistance in Spanish population.

2012

Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; SUMMARY The main objective was to evaluate the association between SNPs and haplotypes of the FABP1-4 genes and type 2 diabetes, as well as its interaction with fat intake, in one general Spanish population. The association was replicated in a second population in which HOMA index was also evaluated. METHODS 1217 unrelated individuals were selected from a population-based study [Hortega study: 605 women; mean age 54 y; 7.8% with type 2 diabetes]. The replication population included 805 subjects from Segovia, a neighboring region of Spain (446 females; mean age 52 y; 10.3% with type 2 diabetes). DM2 mellitus was defined in a similar way in b…

MaleAnatomy and PhysiologyEspañaDiabetes Mellitus Tipo 2:Named Groups::Persons::Age Groups::Adult::Middle Aged [Medical Subject Headings]Type 2 diabetesResistencia a la InsulinaVariación Genética:Analytical Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Investigative Techniques::Epidemiologic Methods::Statistics as Topic::Probability::Risk::Risk Factors [Medical Subject Headings]:Phenomena and Processes::Genetic Phenomena::Genotype::Haplotypes [Medical Subject Headings]:Organisms::Eukaryota::Animals::Chordata::Vertebrates::Mammals::Primates::Haplorhini::Catarrhini::Hominidae::Humans [Medical Subject Headings]EndocrinologyPolymorphism (computer science)Risk FactorsAnálisis de RegresiónFactores de Riesgo:Geographicals::Geographic Locations::Europe::Spain [Medical Subject Headings]Geneticseducation.field_of_studyMultidisciplinaryAdultoQRMiddle AgedCardiovascular Diseases:Diseases::Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases::Metabolic Diseases::Glucose Metabolism Disorders::Diabetes Mellitus::Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 [Medical Subject Headings]Regression AnalysisMedicineFemale:Phenomena and Processes::Genetic Phenomena::Genotype [Medical Subject Headings]:Phenomena and Processes::Genetic Phenomena::Genetic Variation [Medical Subject Headings]Fatty Acid Binding Protein 3Research ArticleAdult:Phenomena and Processes::Genetic Phenomena::Genetic Variation::Mutation [Medical Subject Headings]GenotypeSciencePopulation:Check Tags::Male [Medical Subject Headings]Single-nucleotide polymorphismEndocrine SystemBiologyFatty Acid-Binding ProteinsPolymorphism Single Nucleotide:Diseases::Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases::Metabolic Diseases::Glucose Metabolism Disorders::Hyperinsulinism::Insulin Resistance [Medical Subject Headings]Insulin resistanceGenetic variation:Named Groups::Persons::Age Groups::Adult [Medical Subject Headings]medicineGeneticsHumans:Named Groups::Persons::Age Groups::Adult::Aged [Medical Subject Headings]education:Diseases::Cardiovascular Diseases [Medical Subject Headings]Biology:Phenomena and Processes::Genetic Phenomena::Genetic Structures::Genome::Genome Components::Genes::Alleles [Medical Subject Headings]AllelesAgedDiabetic Endocrinology:Analytical Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Investigative Techniques::Epidemiologic Methods::Statistics as Topic::Regression Analysis [Medical Subject Headings]:Phenomena and Processes::Genetic Phenomena::Genetic Variation::Polymorphism Genetic::Polymorphism Single Nucleotide [Medical Subject Headings]Polymorphism GeneticEndocrine PhysiologyHaplotypeGenetic Variation:Phenomena and Processes::Genetic Phenomena::Genetic Variation::Polymorphism Genetic [Medical Subject Headings]medicine.diseaseObesity:Chemicals and Drugs::Amino Acids Peptides and Proteins::Proteins::Carrier Proteins::Fatty Acid-Binding Proteins [Medical Subject Headings]:Check Tags::Female [Medical Subject Headings]Diabetes Mellitus Type 2HaplotypesSpainMetabolic DisordersMutationInsulin ResistancePopulation GeneticsPloS one
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Liraglutide Reduces Postprandial Hyperlipidemia by Increasing ApoB48 (Apolipoprotein B48) Catabolism and by Reducing ApoB48 Production in Patients Wi…

2018

Objective— Treatment with liraglutide, a GLP-1 (glucagon-like peptide-1) agonist, has been shown to reduce postprandial lipidemia, an important feature of diabetic dyslipidemia. However, the underlying mechanisms for this effect remain unknown. This prompted us to study the effect of liraglutide on the metabolism of ApoB48 (apolipoprotein B48). Approach and Results— We performed an in vivo kinetic study with stable isotopes (D 8 -valine) in the fed state in 10 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus before treatment and 6 months after the initiation of treatment with liraglutide (1.2 mg/d). We also evaluated, in mice, the effect of a 1-week liraglutide treatment on postload triglycerides an…

MaleApolipoprotein B-48Agonistmedicine.medical_specialtymedicine.drug_classhyperlipidemiasGene Expression030209 endocrinology & metabolism030204 cardiovascular system & hematologypatients03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineInternal medicineDiabetes mellitusChylomicronsHyperlipidemiaAnimalsHumansMedicineDiacylglycerol O-AcyltransferaseProspective StudiesTriglycerides[SDV.MHEP.EM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Endocrinology and metabolismMice Inbred BALB Cliraglutidebusiness.industryLiraglutideCatabolismType 2 Diabetes Mellitus[SDV.MHEP.EM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Endocrinology and metabolismPostprandial Periodmedicine.diseaseLipoprotein LipaseJejunumEndocrinologyPostprandialAdipose TissueDiabetes Mellitus Type 2kineticsdiabetes mellitusFemaleApolipoprotein B-48Carrier ProteinsCardiology and Cardiovascular Medicinebusinessmedicine.drug
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Stimulation of the AT2 receptor reduced atherogenesis in ApoE−/−/AT1A−/− double knock out mice

2012

AT1 receptor blockers (ARB) and in part ACE inhibitors (ACI) potentially exert beneficial effects on atherogenesis independent of AT1 receptor inhibition. These pleiotropic effects might be related to angiotensin II mediated activation of the AT2 receptor. To analyze this hypothesis we investigated the development of atherosclerosis and the role of ACIs and ARBs in apolipoprotein E-deficient (ApoE(-/-)) mice and in ApoE/AT1A receptor double knockout mice (ApoE(-/-)/AT1A(-/-)). ApoE(-/-) mice and ApoE(-/-)/AT1A(-/-) mice were fed cholesterol-rich diet for 7 weeks. Vascular oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction, and atherosclerotic lesion formation were evident in ApoE(-/-) mice, but were…

MaleApolipoprotein ERamiprilmedicine.medical_specialtyApolipoprotein BReceptor expressionGene ExpressionAngiotensin-Converting Enzyme InhibitorsBlood PressureAngiotensin II Type 2 Receptor BlockersIn Vitro TechniquesReceptor Angiotensin Type 2Receptor Angiotensin Type 1MiceApolipoproteins EInternal medicinemedicineAnimalsReceptorMolecular BiologyMice KnockoutAngiotensin II receptor type 1biologyChemistryAtherosclerosisLipidsAngiotensin IIMice Inbred C57BLOxidative StressEndocrinologybiology.proteinBlood Vesselslipids (amino acids peptides and proteins)Inflammation MediatorsTelmisartanCardiology and Cardiovascular Medicinehormones hormone substitutes and hormone antagonistsmedicine.drugJournal of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology
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Involvement of CB1 and CB2 receptors in the modulation of cholinergic neurotransmission in mouse gastric preparations.

2007

Abstract While most of the studies concerning the role of cannabinoids on gastric motility have focused the attention on the gastric emptying in in vivo animal models, there is little information about the cannabinoid peripheral influence in the stomach. In addition, the functional features of CB2 receptors in the gastrointestinal tract have been poorly characterized. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of cannabinoid drugs on the excitatory cholinergic and inhibitory non-adrenergic non-cholinergic (NANC) neurotransmission in mouse isolated gastric preparations. Intraluminal pressure from isolated whole stomach was recorded and mechanical responses induced by ele…

MaleCB1 receptorCannabinoid receptorIndolesmedicine.medical_treatmentGastric motilityReceptors PresynapticSettore BIO/09 - FisiologiaSynaptic TransmissionReceptor Cannabinoid CB2MicePiperidinesReceptor Cannabinoid CB1Cannabinoid receptor type 2StomachCholinergic Fiberslipids (amino acids peptides and proteins)Rimonabantmedicine.drugAgonistmedicine.medical_specialtyCarbacholmedicine.drug_classPolyunsaturated AlkamidesMorpholinesNeuromuscular JunctionArachidonic AcidsBiologyIn Vitro TechniquesNaphthalenesInternal medicineCannabinoid Receptor ModulatorsmedicineAnimalsCannabinoidPharmacologyEnteric neurotransmissionGastric emptyingCannabinoidsExcitatory Postsynaptic PotentialsCB2 receptorElectric StimulationBenzoxazinesMice Inbred C57BLEndocrinologyInhibitory Postsynaptic PotentialsCholinergicPyrazolesCannabinoidGastrointestinal MotilityGastric motilityEndocannabinoidsPharmacological research
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A runner’s high depends on cannabinoid receptors in mice

2015

Exercise is rewarding, and long-distance runners have described a runner's high as a sudden pleasant feeling of euphoria, anxiolysis, sedation, and analgesia. A popular belief has been that endogenous endorphins mediate these beneficial effects. However, running exercise increases blood levels of both β-endorphin (an opioid) and anandamide (an endocannabinoid). Using a combination of pharmacologic, molecular genetic, and behavioral studies in mice, we demonstrate that cannabinoid receptors mediate acute anxiolysis and analgesia after running. We show that anxiolysis depends on intact cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1) receptors on forebrain GABAergic neurons and pain reduction on activation of pe…

MaleCannabinoid receptormedicine.drug_classmedicine.medical_treatmentPharmacologyDepolarization-induced suppression of inhibitionRunningReceptor Cannabinoid CB2MiceReceptor Cannabinoid CB1Opioid receptorPhysical Conditioning AnimalmedicineCannabinoid receptor type 2AnimalsEndorphinsMultidisciplinaryBehavior AnimalBiological SciencesEndocannabinoid systemMice Inbred C57BLnervous systemOpioidlipids (amino acids peptides and proteins)CannabinoidPsychologyhuman activitiespsychological phenomena and processesmedicine.drug
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