Search results for "Unity"
showing 10 items of 3852 documents
Major histocompatibility complex regulation of the class of the immune response: the H-2d haplotype determines poor interferon-γ response to several …
1990
The lymph node cells of CBA (H-2k), but not BALB/c (H-2d) mice, release interferon (IFN)-gamma into the supernatant when immunized with picryl chloride epicutaneously and then exposed to antigen (haptenized cells) in vitro 4 days later. The failure in IFN-gamma production maps to the major histocompatibility complex (MHC; H-2d) in the congenic BALB/c, BALB/k and BALB/b mice. The evidence that this is an MHC regulation of the class of response to a range of antigens and not a classical Ir gene effect is (a) the difference is seen with several antigens including picryl chloride, "oxazolone" and purified protein derivative of tuberculin and (b) BALB/c mice, which fail to produce IFN-gamma, sho…
Myxoma virus Leukemia-associated protein is responsible for major histocompatibility complex class I and Fas-CD95 down-regulation and defines scrapin…
2002
ABSTRACTDown-modulation of major histocompatibility class I (MHC-I) molecules is a viral strategy for survival in the host.Myxoma virus, a member of thePoxviridaefamily responsible for rabbit myxomatosis, can down-modulate the expression of MHC-I molecules, but the viral factor(s) has not been described. We cloned and characterized a gene coding for an endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-resident protein containing an atypical zinc finger and two transmembrane domains, which we called myxoma virus leukemia-associated protein (MV-LAP). MV-LAP down-regulated surface MHC-I and Fas-CD95 molecules upon transfection; the mechanism probably involves an exacerbation of endocytosis and was lost when the ER r…
The collagen-like component of the complement system, C1q, is recognized by 7 S autoantibodies and is functionally impaired in synovial fluids of pat…
1996
Cross-reactivity between type II collagen (CII) and C1q, the collagen-like subunit of the first component of complement, has been demonstrated in synovial fluid (SF) from rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. Many authors have studied autoimmunity to CII in RA, but little work has been done on autoimmunity to C1q in RA. In the data presented here, we have been able to show that in addition to native C1q, an altered form of C1q is present in SF from RA patients. Furthermore, a low molecular weight form of C1q is present in RA SF, although its role, if any, in the pathogenesis of RA is unclear. The presence in these RA SF of C1q-specific antibodies (IgG and IgM) has been studied and we have par…
A central role for Notch in effector CD8(+) T cell differentiation.
2014
Activated CD8(+) T cells choose between terminal effector cell (TEC) or memory precursor cell (MPC) fates. We found that the signaling receptor Notch controls this 'choice'. Notch promoted the differentiation of immediately protective TECs and was correspondingly required for the clearance of acute infection with influenza virus. Notch activated a major portion of the TEC-specific gene-expression program and suppressed the MPC-specific program. Expression of Notch was induced on naive CD8(+) T cells by inflammatory mediators and interleukin 2 (IL-2) via pathways dependent on the metabolic checkpoint kinase mTOR and the transcription factor T-bet. These pathways were subsequently amplified d…
Murine model of interstitial cytomegalovirus pneumonia in syngeneic bone marrow transplantation: persistence of protective pulmonary CD8-T-cell infil…
2000
ABSTRACTInterstitial pneumonia (IP) is a severe organ manifestation of cytomegalovirus (CMV) disease in the immunocompromised host, in particular in recipients of bone marrow transplantation (BMT). Diagnostic criteria for the definition of CMV-IP include clinical evidence of pneumonia together with CMV detected in bronchoalveolar lavage or lung biopsy. We have used the model of syngeneic BMT and simultaneous infection of BALB/c mice with murine CMV for studying the pathogenesis of CMV-IP by controlled longitudinal analysis. A disseminated cytopathic infection of the lungs with fatal outcome was observed only when reconstituting CD8 T cells were depleted. Neither CD8 nor CD4 T cells mediated…
Mechanisms underlying lineage commitment and plasticity of human γδ T cells.
2012
Phenotypic and functional heterogeneity are the hallmarks of effector and memory T cells. Upon antigen stimulation, γδ T cells differentiate into two major types of memory T cells: central memory cells, which patrol the blood and secondary lymphoid organs, and effector memory cells, which migrate to peripheral tissues. γδ T cells display in vitro a certain degree of plasticity in their function that is reminiscent of that which is observed in conventional CD4 T cells. Similar to CD4 T cells, in which a plethora of specialized subsets affect the host response, γδ T cells may readily and rapidly assume distinct Th1-, Th2-, Th17-, T(FH) and T regulatory-like effector functions, suggesting that…
Effects of Dextran Sulfate 500 on Cell-Mediated Resistance to Infection with Listeria monocytogenes in Mice.
1974
Injection of dextran sulfate 500 caused loss of antibacterial resistance. Mice became more susceptible to an infection with Listeria monocytogenes and were unable to develop antilisterial immunity after both active and passive immunization with passively administered spleen cells from Listeria -immune donors. Indirect evidence suggests that the phagocytic component of cell-mediated resistance to bacterial infection is the site of attack of dextran sulfate.
Il Paradigma della Città Fluida
2013
Nella recente crisi globale i poderosi flussi di capitali finanziari, sociali e relazionali che hanno alimentato la riqualificazione urbana nel corso degli ultimi quindici anni non sono più disponibili ad essere intercettati in maniera indiscriminata così come è stato possibile fino a qualche anno fa. Nell'era della crisi strutturale le città più dinamiche non sono più quelle in grado di attrarre progetti urbani iconici ed investitori spinti dal mercato immobiliare o dalla redditività delle attività ricreative, ma quelle città che, a partire dalle loro profonde e diversificate risorse culturali, saranno capaci di attuare una vera e propria “metamorfosi” per usarle come base per la creazione…
The intraoral device of overlaid disk-holding splints as a new in situ oral biofilm model
2014
Objectives: To design a device that allows the formation of in situ oral biofilm with similar characteristics to those from the dental plaque, overcoming the limitations of previous devices. Study Design: The Intraoral Device of Overlaid Disk-holding Splints (IDODS) was designed and manufactured. To test its validity, five healthy adult volunteers wore them for two and four days allowing the biofilm to grow without any type of distortion. After each period, the thickness, vitality and structure of the formed biofilm were measured with a Confocal Laser Scanning Microscope (CLSM) in combination with a dual fluorescence solution. All volunteers filled out a Likert-type questionnaire to evaluat…
Specific Detection and Localization of Microsporidian Parasites in Invertebrate Hosts by Using In Situ Hybridization
2013
ABSTRACT We designed fluorescence in situ hybridization probes for two distinct microsporidian clades and demonstrated their application in detecting, respectively, Nosema / Vairimorpha and Dictyoceola species. We used them to study the vertical transmission of two microsporidia infecting the amphipod Gammarus duebeni .