Search results for "VARIATION"

showing 10 items of 2124 documents

The distribution of fitness effects caused by single-nucleotide substitutions in an RNA virus.

2004

6 pages, 3 figures.-- PMID: 15159545 [PubMed].-- PMCID: PMC420405.-- Supporting information (Table 3: Relevant information about each single-nucleotide substation mutant created) available at: http://www.pnas.org/content/101/22/8396/suppl/DC1

PopulationMutantMutagenesis (molecular biology technique)Evolutionary biologyVesicular stomatitis Indiana virusSingle-nucleotide substitutionsGenetic variationAnimalsPoint MutationMutational fitness effectseducationGeneticseducation.field_of_studyMultidisciplinarybiologyPoint mutationRNAGenetic VariationRNA virusRNA viral genomesBiological Sciencesbiology.organism_classificationBiological EvolutionGenetics PopulationVesicular stomatitis virusMutagenesis Site-DirectedProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
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The genetic structure of Norway

2020

AbstractThe aim of the present study was to describe the genetic structure of the Norwegian population using genotypes from 6369 unrelated individuals with detailed information about places of residence. Using standard single marker- and haplotype-based approaches, we report evidence of two regions with distinctive patterns of genetic variation, one in the far northeast, and another in the south of Norway, as indicated by fixation indices, haplotype sharing, homozygosity, and effective population size. We detect and quantify a component of Uralic Sami ancestry that is enriched in the North. On a finer scale, we find that rates of migration have been affected by topography like mountain ridg…

PopulationPopulationContext (language use)NorwegianArticleGene flowDanish03 medical and health sciencesEffective population sizeGenetic variationGeneticsHumansGenetic variationeducationGenetics (clinical)030304 developmental biology0303 health scienceseducation.field_of_studyPolymorphism GeneticNorwayEcology030305 genetics & hereditylanguage.human_languagePedigreeFixation (population genetics)GeographyHaplotypesGenetic structurelanguageGenetic markersVDP::Samfunnsvitenskap: 200
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GENETIC VARIABILITY AND DRIFT LOAD IN POPULATIONS OF AN AQUATIC SNAIL

2004

Population genetic theory predicts that in small populations, random genetic drift will fix and accumulate slightly deleterious mutations, resulting in reduced reproductive output. This genetic load due to random drift (i.e., drift load) can increase the extinction risk of small populations. We studied the relationship between genetic variability (indicator of past population size) and reproductive output in eight isolated, natural populations of the hermaphroditic snail Lymnaea stagnalis. In a common laboratory environment, snails from populations with the lowest genetic variability mature slower and have lower fecundity than snails from genetically more variable populations. This result s…

PopulationSnailsFresh WaterBiologyHost-Parasite InteractionsGenetic driftGenetic variationGeneticsAnimalsGenetic variabilitySexual MaturationeducationFinlandEcology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsPopulation Densityeducation.field_of_studyEcologyPopulation sizeReproductionGenetic DriftGenetic VariationSmall population sizeGenetic loadGenetics PopulationMutational meltdownMutationBody ConstitutionTrematodaGeneral Agricultural and Biological SciencesEvolution
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Possible further evidence of low denetic diversity in the El Sidrón (Asturias, Spain) Neandertal Group: congenital clefts of the atlas

2015

Received: June 12, 2015; Accepted: August 5, 2015; Published: September 29, 2015

Populationlcsh:MedicineBiologyMandibular canineGenetic variationAnimalsCervical Atlaslcsh:ScienceeducationNeanderthalsGeneticseducation.field_of_studyGenetic diversityMultidisciplinaryFossilslcsh:RGenetic VariationPaleogeneticsGenetics PopulationSpainEvolutionary biologyEndogamyPaleoanthropologylcsh:QInbreedingResearch Article
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Development of a short questionnaire based on the Practice Environment Scale-Nursing Work Index in primary health care

2019

BackgroundProfessional nursing environments determine the quality of care and patient outcomes. Assessing the quality of environments is essential to improve and obtain better health outcomes. Simplifying and shortening the way to evaluate environments reliably is also important to help nurses better understand the strengths and weaknesses of their environments. In that sense, identifying essential elements of nursing environments would allow the construction of short assessment tools to improve such environments.ObjectiveTo construct a short tool to assess primary health care (PHC) nursing environments based on the Practice Environment Scale-Nursing Work Index (PES-NWI) questionnaire.Metho…

Populationlcsh:MedicineNursingEnvironmentGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biology03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineNursingCronbach's alpha030212 general & internal medicineMultidimensional scalingeducationReliability (statistics)Primary health careeducation.field_of_studyData collection030504 nursingDescriptive statisticsGeneral Neurosciencelcsh:RGeneral MedicineExplained variationCommunity health nursingScale (social sciences)Quality of health careEnfermeríaPublic Health0305 other medical scienceGeneral Agricultural and Biological SciencesPsychologyQuestionnaire designPeerJ
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Comparative evaluation of three semi-quantitative radiographic grading techniques for knee osteoarthritis in terms of validity and reproducibility in…

2008

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this work was to compare the measurement properties of three categorical X-ray scoring methods of knee osteoarthritis (OA), both on semiflexed and extended views. METHODS: In data obtained from trials and cohorts, X-rays were graded using Kellgren and Lawrence (KL), the OA Research Society International (OARSI) joint space narrowing score, and measurement of joint space width (JSW). JSW was analyzed as a categorical variable. Construct validity was assessed through logistic regression between X-ray stages and Western Ontario and McMaster Universities OA Index. Inter-observer reliability was assessed in 50 subjects for extended views by weighted kappa. Intra-obser…

Predictive validitymedicine.medical_specialtyDatabases FactualKnee JointPsychometricsJoint replacementmedicine.medical_treatmentBiomedical EngineeringLogistic regressionSeverity of Illness IndexValidity03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineRheumatologyOsteoarthritismedicineHumansOrthopedics and Sports MedicineKneeCategorical variableObserver Variation030203 arthritis & rheumatology030222 orthopedicsProgressionbusiness.industryReproducibility of ResultsConstruct validityIntra-rater reliabilityOsteoarthritis KneeReproducibilityRadiographyInter-rater reliabilityDisease ProgressionPhysical therapybusinessKappa
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Fruit physical, chemical and aromatic attributes of early, intermediate and late apricot cultivars.

2010

BACKGROUND: In order to reach good fruit quality, apricots require a balance of sugars and acids as well as a strong apricot aroma. In this study, fruit quality of early, intermediate and late apricot cultivars was evaluated by measuring physical, chemical and olfactory attributes. Multivariate analysis of quality and aroma attributes was used to identify groups of similar cultivars and association with ripening season. RESULTS: Physical, chemical and aromatic attributes showed great variation amongcultivars but no relation to ripening season. Aromatic profiles (34 volatiles) of fruit tissues indicated qualitative and quantitative differences among cultivars. Ninfa and Mandorlon were riches…

Principal Component AnalysisVolatile Organic CompoundsSettore CHIM/10 - Chimica Degli AlimentiGenotypegas chromatographypeel colourGenetic Variationodour notesoluble solidSettore AGR/03 - Arboricoltura Generale E Coltivazioni ArboreeFruitOdorantsFlavourvolatile compoundsPrunusSeasonsmass spectrometryJournal of the science of food and agriculture
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Y179C, F486L and N550H are BRCA1 variants that may be associated with breast cancer in a Sicilian family: results of a 5-year GOIM (Gruppo Oncologico…

2006

Background Over 600 different pathogenic mutations have been identified in the BRCA1 gene. Nevertheless, numerous missense mutations of unknown biological function still exist. Understanding of biological significance of these mutations should help in genetic counselling to carriers and their families. Patients and methods A total of 104 patients with breast and/or ovarian cancer whose genetic counselling answered the criteria of the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO 2003), were prospectively screened for mutations in all coding exons of the BRCA1 gene by automatic direct sequencing. Results During these mutational screening procedures one case presented three mutations classified…

ProbandAdultmedicine.medical_specialtyProtein ConformationGenetic counselingGenes BRCA1Mutation MissenseBreast NeoplasmsGenetic CounselingExonBreast cancermedicineMissense mutationHumansProspective StudiesGeneSicilyScreening proceduresGerm-Line MutationGynecologyGeneticsFamily HealthOvarian Neoplasmsbusiness.industryBRCA1 ProteinGenetic VariationHematologyDNA NeoplasmExonsmedicine.diseasePedigreeOncologyFemalebusinessOvarian cancerAnnals of oncology : official journal of the European Society for Medical Oncology
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Problems with variation: an educational experience of cultural transposition with prospective primary teachers

2022

The paper presents some theoretical reflections and some methodological notes about a Professional Development (PD) path worked out during the last two years by Italian researchers for prospective Primary teachers. The theoretical construct of Cultural Transposition defines the framework of the PD path's activities and the related research. It was used to define an interesting cultural lent to delineate possible new approaches for effective pre-service teacher education programs, in particular for the Primary level. The defined methodology was based on the possibility to reflect about the decentralization of didactic practices based on a specific cultural context through one or more contact…

Problems with variation Cultural transposition Prospective primary teachers[SHS.MUSEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Cultural heritage and museology[SHS.EDU] Humanities and Social Sciences/Education[MATH] Mathematics [math]Settore MAT/04 - Matematiche Complementari
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2019

Abstract The study examined teachers’ stories on developing co-teaching partnerships. The narratives of three two-teacher teams were used to illustrate joint professional landscapes. The teams narrated the development process as one in which commitment, engagement and negotiation were the key elements in shaping their professional landscapes. The findings indicate wide variation in the role of shared understanding and related engagement in co-constructing co-teaching practices.

Process (engineering)media_common.quotation_subject05 social sciences050301 educationEducationNegotiationVariation (linguistics)Pedagogy0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesNarrativeSociologyCo-teaching0503 education050104 developmental & child psychologymedia_commonTeaching and Teacher Education
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