Search results for "Valence"

showing 10 items of 2732 documents

Electronic spectroscopy of I2–Xe complexes in solid Krypton

2012

In the present work, we have studied ion-pair states of matrix-isolated I(2) with vacuum-UV absorption and UV-vis-NIR emission, where the matrix environment is systematically changed by mixing Kr with Xe, from pure Kr to a more polarizable Xe host. Particular emphasis is put on low doping levels of Xe that yield a binary complex I(2)-Xe, as verified by coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) measurements. Associated with interaction of I(2) with Xe we can observe strong new absorption in vacuum-UV, redshifted 2400 cm(-1) from the X → D transition of I(2). Observed redshift can be explained by symmetry breaking of ion-pair states within the I(2)-Xe complex. Systematic Xe doping of Kr ma…

Valence (chemistry)KryptonDopingGeneral Physics and Astronomychemistry.chemical_elementElectron spectroscopysymbols.namesakeXenonchemistryPolarizabilitysymbolsPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryAtomic physicsta116Electron scatteringRaman scatteringThe Journal of Chemical Physics
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When Does Gold Behave as a Halogen? Predicted Uranium Tetraauride and Other MAu4 Tetrahedral Species, (M = Ti, Zr, Hf, Th)

2003

Quantum chemical calculations suggest that a series of molecules with the general formula MAu4 are stable, where M = U, Th, and a group-4 atom. They correspond to Au in the formal valence state -1 and indicate that gold can act as a ligand similar to the halogen series. Of the MAu4 species studied, UAu4, the first predicted mixed gold uranium compound, has a short M-Au bond distance, 2.71 A, which would locate Au between Br and I from the bond length point of view in the U-tetrahalide series. Energetically, the U-Au bond is weaker than the corresponding U-Br and U-I bonds.

Valence (chemistry)LigandStereochemistrychemistry.chemical_elementGeneral MedicineGeneral ChemistryElectronic structureUraniumBiochemistryCatalysisBond lengthCrystallographyColloid and Surface ChemistrychemistryGold CompoundsMolecular vibrationAtomHalogenddc:540TetrahedronMolecule
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Molecular Materials from Polyoxometalates

2006

The present article highlights recent results and provide a perspective of the interest of polyoxometalates as inorganic component of molecular materials with active physical properties. Three different aspects will be presented: i) The interest of the magnetic and mixed valence clusters provided by polyoxometalate chemistry in molecular magnetism; ii) The use of these inorganic anions as magnetic component of crystalline conducting materials based on organic donor molecules; iii) The construction of well-organized films of polyoxometalate monolayers by using the Langmuir-Blodgett technique.

Valence (chemistry)MagnetismChemistryMagnetic componentsInorganic chemistryPolyoxometalateMonolayerElectron delocalizationMoleculeNanotechnologyMolecular materials
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Spin-resolved low-energy and hard x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy of off-stoichiometric Co2MnSi Heusler thin films exhibiting a record TMR

2015

Half-metallic Co2MnSi-based Heusler compounds have attracted attention because they yield very high tunnelling magnetoresistance (TMR) ratios. Record TMR ratios of 1995% (at 4.2 K) are obtained from off-stoichiometric Co2MnSi-based magnetic tunnel junctions. This work reports on a combination of band structure calculations and spin-resolved and photon-polarisation-dependent photoelectron spectroscopy for off-stoichiometric Heusler thin films with the composition Co2Mn1.30Si0.84. Co and Mn are probed by magnetic dichroism in angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy at the 2p core level. In contrast to the delocalised Co 3d states, a pronounced localisation of the Mn 3d states is deduced fro…

Valence (chemistry)Materials scienceAcoustics and UltrasonicsCondensed matter physicsMagnetoresistanceFermi energyDichroismPhoton energyCondensed Matter PhysicsLinear dichroismSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsCondensed Matter::Materials ScienceX-ray photoelectron spectroscopyCondensed Matter::Strongly Correlated ElectronsElectronic band structureJournal of Physics D: Applied Physics
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First-principles calculations of surfaceHcenters inBaF2

2010

H center, a hole trapped at an interstitial anion site, placed on the 111 surface of Barium fluoride BaF2 has been studied by using density functional theory DFT with hybrid exchange potentials, namely, DFT-B3PW. Two different configurations of surface H center are investigated carefully. Both surface H-center systems have strong relaxations because of the surface effect. In the configuration that the interstitial fluorine atom is within the surface, named case 1 in this paper, the unpaired electron is almost equally distributed onto the two atoms of the H center, which is quite different from the bulk H-center case. The other configuration with one of the F atoms of the H center located ab…

Valence (chemistry)Materials scienceBand gapBarium fluorideCharge densityCondensed Matter PhysicsElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materialschemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryUnpaired electronDensity of statesDensity functional theoryAtomic physicsElectronic densityPhysical Review B
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Electronic properties of poly(pyrrylene vinylenes): a theoretical approach

1993

Abstract We present a theoretical investigation of the electronic properties of poly(pyrrylene vinylene) and its methyl and methoxy derivatives by using the valence effective Hamiltonian (VEH) method. Theoretical calculations predict that the electronic properties of poly(pyrrylene vinylene) remain almost unaffected upon methyl substitution, while a noticeable lowering of ∼0.4 eV is obtained for the ionization potential and energy gap upon methoxy substitution. The VEH trends are in quantitative agreement with experimental data reported for poly(thienylene vinylene) derivatives.

Valence (chemistry)Materials scienceBand gapMechanical EngineeringMetals and AlloysCondensed Matter PhysicsPhotochemistryElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materialssymbols.namesakeMechanics of MaterialsMaterials ChemistrysymbolsPhysical chemistryIonization energyHamiltonian (quantum mechanics)Electronic propertiesSynthetic Metals
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Ground state properties of SmB6

2002

Abstract We have studied the ground state properties of the intermediate valence narrow-gap semiconductor SmB 6 by means of point-contact (PC) spectroscopy and specific heat measurements. The density of states derived from PC tunneling spectra could be decomposed into two energy-dependent parts with E g =21 meV and E d =4.5 meV wide gaps, and a finite residual density of states at the Fermi level. The specific heat of SmB 6 is enhanced below about 2 K, more pronounced for the sample with less impurities. This behavior can be attributed to the formation of a coherent state within the residual density of states in the energy gap.

Valence (chemistry)Materials scienceCondensed matter physicsBand gapFermi levelCondensed Matter PhysicsHeat capacityElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materialssymbols.namesakesymbolsDensity of statesCoherent statesElectrical and Electronic EngineeringSpectroscopyGround statePhysica B: Condensed Matter
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Coexistence of metamagnetism and slow relaxation of magnetization in ammonium hexafluoridorhenate.

2020

The (NH4)2[ReF6] (1) salt was studied by X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, theoretical calculations, and magnetic measurements. 1 crystallizes in the trigonal space group Pm1 (Re–F = 1.958(5) A). In the Raman spectrum of 1, splitting of the observed peaks was observed and correlated to the valence frequencies of vibration of the [ReF6]2− anion. The study of the magnetic properties of 1, through DC and AC magnetic susceptibility measurements, reveals the coexistence of metamagnetism and slow relaxation of magnetization at low temperature, which is unusual in the molecular systems based on the paramagnetic 5d metal ions reported so far.

Valence (chemistry)Materials scienceCondensed matter physicsGeneral Chemical EngineeringRelaxation (NMR)General ChemistryMagnetic susceptibilityIonMagnetizationParamagnetismsymbols.namesakesymbolsCondensed Matter::Strongly Correlated ElectronsRaman spectroscopyMetamagnetismRSC advances
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Mossbauer study on the distribution of iron in high coercivity chromium dioxide particles

1992

/sup 57/Fe Mossbauer spectroscopy is applied to determine the level of iron doping in high-coercivity CrO/sub 2/ particles. It is found that, compared with the conventional preparation process, the particles contain an increased amount of Fe/sup 3+/ ions in the CrO/sub 2/ crystal lattice, giving rise to higher magnetocrystalline anisotropy. This is reflected in coercivities up to over 900 Oe. All samples contain as a secondary iron-containing phase some (Cr/sub 1-x/Fe/sub x/)/sub 2/O/sub 3/. The valence of the iron doping is predominantly +3; very weak signals in the Mossbauer spectra suggest the existence of Fe/sup 4+/ in an amount 2-3% of the total number of iron atoms. >

Valence (chemistry)Materials scienceCondensed matter physicsMössbauer effectAnalytical chemistrychemistry.chemical_elementCrystal structureCoercivityMagnetocrystalline anisotropyElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsChromiumMagnetic anisotropychemistryMössbauer spectroscopyElectrical and Electronic EngineeringIEEE Transactions on Magnetics
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Valence-band electronic structure of CdO, ZnO, and MgO from x-ray photoemission spectroscopy and quasi-particle-corrected density-functional theory c…

2009

The valence-band density of states of single-crystalline rock-salt CdO(001), wurtzite $c$-plane ZnO, and rock- salt MgO(001) are investigated by high-resolution x-ray photoemission spectroscopy. A classic two-peak structure is observed in the VB-DOS due to the anion $2p$-dominated valence bands. Good agreement is found between the experimental results and quasi-particle-corrected density-functional theory calculations. Occupied shallow semicore $d$ levels are observed in CdO and ZnO. While these exhibit similar spectral features to the calculations, they occur at slightly higher binding energies, determined as 8.8 eV and 7.3 eV below the valence band maximum in CdO and ZnO, respectively. Th…

Valence (chemistry)Materials scienceCondensed matter physicsPhotoemission spectroscopyInverse photoemission spectroscopyDensity of statesAngle-resolved photoemission spectroscopyDensity functional theoryElectronic structureCondensed Matter PhysicsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsWurtzite crystal structurePhysical Review B
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