Search results for "Variations"
showing 10 items of 129 documents
An initial comparative map of copy number variations in the goat (Capra hircus) genome
2010
Abstract Background The goat (Capra hircus) represents one of the most important farm animal species. It is reared in all continents with an estimated world population of about 800 million of animals. Despite its importance, studies on the goat genome are still in their infancy compared to those in other farm animal species. Comparative mapping between cattle and goat showed only a few rearrangements in agreement with the similarity of chromosome banding. We carried out a cross species cattle-goat array comparative genome hybridization (aCGH) experiment in order to identify copy number variations (CNVs) in the goat genome analysing animals of different breeds (Saanen, Camosciata delle Alpi,…
Seasonal variation in total phenolic content of Dictyopteris polypodioides (Dictyotaceae) and Cystoseira amentacea (Sargassaceae) from the Sicilian c…
2014
This study focuses on the differences in total phenolic content and its seasonal variations in two temperate brown algae, Cystoseira amentacea (C. Agardh) Bory and Dictyopteris polypodioides (A.P. De Candolle) J.V. Lamouroux, inhabiting respectively the infralittoral fringe and the upper infralittoral zone. Phenolic compounds are secondary metabolites, found in almost all brown algal orders, that function as defense against grazers, epiphytes and UV radiation. Total phenolic content was determined colorimetrically with the Folin-Ciocalteu reagent. Results showed significant differences in total phenol content between D. polypodioides and C. amentacea with higher values observed in the first…
Geographical distribution and oncogenic risk association of human papillomavirus type 58 E6 and E7 sequence variations.
2013
Human papillomavirus (HPV) 58 accounts for a notable proportion of cervical cancers in East Asia and parts of Latin America, but it is uncommon elsewhere. The reason for such ethnogeographical predilection is unknown. In our study, nucleotide sequences of E6 and E7 genes of 401 HPV58 isolates collected from 15 countries/cities across four continents were examined. Phylogenetic relationship, geographical distribution and risk association of nucleotide sequence variations were analyzed. We found that the E6 genes of HPV58 variants were more conserved than E7. Thus, E6 is a more appropriate target for type-specific detection, whereas E7 is more appropriate for strain differentiation. The frequ…
Seasonal variations of antimicrobial activity and chemical composition of essential oils extracted from three Citrus limon L. Burm. cultivars
2014
In order to investigate the seasonal variations of antimicrobial properties and chemical composition of essential oils (EOs), three different cultivars of Citrus limon L. Burm. spp. (Femminello Santa Teresa, Monachello and Femminello Continella) were collected at 6-week intervals, from December 2012 to April 2013, for a total of four harvests. The EOs were extracted from lemon peel by hydro-distillation. The antimicrobial activity, tested by paper disc diffusion method, was evaluated against common food-related pathogenic bacteria (Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella enterica and Enterobacter spp.). EOs were more effective against Gram-positive than Gram-negative bacte…
Interstitial deletions of chromosome 1p: novel 1p31.3p22.2 microdeletion in a newborn with craniosynostosis, coloboma and cleft palate, and review of…
2022
Abstract Background Rearrangements of unstable DNA sequences may alter the structural integrity or the copy number of dose-sensitive genes, resulting in copy number variations. They may lead more frequently to deletions, in addition to duplications and/or inversions, which are the underlying pathogenic mechanism of a group of conditions known as genomic disorders (or also contiguous gene syndromes). Interstitial deletions of the short arm of chromosome 1 are rare, and only about 30 patients have been reported. Their clinical features are variable, in respect of the extent of the deleted region. They include global developmental delay, central nervous system (CNS) malformations, craniosynost…
Assessing the impact of copy number variants on miRNA genes in autism by Monte Carlo simulation.
2014
Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASDs) are childhood neurodevelopmental disorders with complex genetic origins. Previous studies have investigated the role of de novo Copy Number Variants (CNVs) and microRNAs as important but distinct etiological factors in ASD. We developed a novel computational procedure to assess the potential pathogenic role of microRNA genes overlapping de novo CNVs in ASD patients. Here we show that for chromosomes # 1, 2 and 22 the actual number of miRNA loci affected by de novo CNVs in patients was found significantly higher than that estimated by Monte Carlo simulation of random CNV events. Out of 24 miRNA genes over-represented in CNVs from these three chromosomes only …
Copy number variation and missense mutations of the agouti signaling protein (ASIP) gene in goat breeds with different coat colors.
2009
In goats, classical genetic studies reported a large number of alleles at the Agouti locus with effects on coat color and pattern distribution. From these early studies, the dominant A(Wt) (white/tan) allele was suggested to cause the white color of the Saanen breed. Here, we sequenced the coding region of the goat ASIP gene in 6 goat breeds (Girgentana, Maltese, Derivata di Siria, Murciano-Granadina, Camosciata delle Alpi, and Saanen), with different coat colors and patterns. Five single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified, 3 of which caused missense mutations in conserved positions of the cysteine-rich carboxy-terminal domain of the protein (p.Ala96Gly, p.Cys126Gly, and p.Val1…
The Stackelberg equilibrium as a consistent conjectural equilibrium
2011
International audience; We consider a static game with conjectural variations where some firms make conjectures while others do not. Two propositions are proved. We first show that there exists a continuum of conjectural variations such that the conjectural equilibrium locally coincides with the Stackelberg equilibrium (Proposition 1). Second, we define the conditions under which a conjectural equilibrium is a locally consistent equilibrium (i.e. such that conjectures are fulfilled). The conceptof (local) consistency is restricted to firms making conjectures. Two conditions on consistency are featured: consistency within a cohort and consistency among cohorts. The Stackelberg equilibrium fu…
Discretization estimates for an elliptic control problem
1998
An optimal control problem governed by an elliptic equation written in variational form in an abstract functional framework is considered. The control is subject to restrictions. The optimality conditions are established and the Ritz-Galerkin discretization is introduced. If the error estimate corresponding to the elliptic equation is given as a function like where h is the discretization parameter and is an integer, then the error estimates for the optimal control, for the optimal state and for the optimal value are obtained. These results are applied first for a Two-Point BVP and next for a 2D/3D elliptic problem as state equation. Next a spectral method is used in the discretization proc…
Guidance Trajectories for Spacecraft Rendezvous
2007
In a previous paper of Miele et al. (J. Optim. Theory Appl. 132(1), 2007), we employed the single-subarc sequential gradient-restoration algorithm to optimize the three-dimensional rendezvous between a target spacecraft in a planar circular orbit and a chaser spacecraft with an initial separation distance and separation velocity. The achieved continuous solutions are characterized by two, three, or four subarcs depending on the performance index (time, fuel) and the constraints. In this paper, based on the solutions in Miele et al. (J. Optim. Theory Appl. 132(1), 2007), we employ the multiple-subarc sequential gradient-restoration algorithm to produce pieced guidance trajectories implementa…