Search results for "Vascular Dementia"
showing 10 items of 24 documents
Cognitive impairment: classification by 1H magnetic resonance spectroscopy.
2004
1H magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) allows accurate and non-invasive in vivo metabolic study, and is a useful tool for the diagnosis of different forms of dementias. Cognitive impairment pathologies have been almost exclusively studied with MRS by comparison with healthy without a global comparison amongst Alzheimer disease (AD), vascular dementia, mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and major depression patients with cognitive impairment. Whereas decrease of N-acetylaspartate (NAA) and increase myo-Inositol (mI) at different brain locations by 1H MRS are common features of AD, Choline (Cho) alterations have been inconclusive. In our study, 64 patients with cognitive impairment were evalua…
Auditory event-related potentials in subcortical vascular cognitive impairment and in Alzheimer's disease.
2006
Few studies exist on ERPs and patients with subcortical vascular cognitive impairment (SVCI). This latter is a quite homogeneous subtype of vascular dementia whose cognitive profile is quite different from that of Alzheimer disease (AD).The present study aims at comparing the ERPs profile both in patients with SVCI and in patients with AD.ERPs and psychometric tests were collected from 39 healthy elderly controls, 51 patients with SVCI and 43 patients with AD. Subjects mentally count high pitched target tones that were randomly intermixed with low pitched frequent tones. We measured ERPs latencies (N1, P2, N2 and P3), and interpeak latencies (N1-P3, N1-P2, N1-N2).Grand averaged potentials i…
Fatty Acid Profiles in Demented Patients: Identification of Hexacosanoic Acid (C26:0) as a Blood Lipid Biomarker of Dementia
2014
Background: Several lipid metabolism alterations have been described in the brain and plasma of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) patients, suggesting a relation between lipid metabolism alteration and dementia. 15 16 Objective: We attempted to identify blood fatty acids as biomarkers of dementia. 17 Methods: Fatty acid profiles were established using gas chromatography with or without mass spectrometry on matched plasma and red blood cells (RBCs) of demented patients diagnosed with AD, vascular dementia, or other dementia, and compared with a control group of elderly individuals. The severity of dementia was evaluated with the Mini-Mental State Examination test. 18 19 20 Results: Fatty acid analysi…
Prevalence and Cognitive Impact of Medial Temporal Atrophy in a Hospital Stroke Service: Retrospective Cohort Study
2015
Background Cerebrovascular disease and neurodegeneration cause cognitive impairment and frequently coexist. Aims Our objectives were to investigate the prevalence and cognitive impact of medial temporal lobe atrophy – a radiological marker often associated with Alzheimer's disease – in a hospital stroke service. Methods Retrospective cohort study of patients from a hospital stroke service. Patients assessed for suspected ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack, irrespective of final diagnosis, underwent neuropsychological testing and magnetic resonance imaging. medial temporal lobe atrophy, white matter hyperintensities, lacunes, and cerebral microbleeds were rated using established cr…
Misidentification Delusions : prevalence in different types of dementia and validation of a structured Questionnaire
2016
International audience; Misidentification delusions (MDs) are considered relatively rare psychopathologic phenomena that may occur within the context of psychiatric or neurological conditions. The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence of MD in different types of dementia, correlate the presence of MD with demographic and clinical variables, and validate a specific questionnaire. We examined 146 subjects with Alzheimer disease, 21 with Lewy body dementia, 6 with frontotemporal dementia, and 13 with vascular dementia (subcortical type), who were consecutively enrolled in the study from 2 Memory Clinics. Patients had a mean age of 78.7±6.4 years and an Mini-Mental State Examinatio…
Cerebral microbleeds and vascular cognitive impairment
2010
Abstract MRI manifestations of small vessel diseases including white matter hyperintensities and lacunes have been recognized as potential substrates of vascular cognitive impairment for many years. Cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) – small, perviascular haemorrhages seen as small, well-demarcated, hypointense, rounded lesions on MRI sequences sensitive to magnetic susceptibility effects – are also now recognized as an imaging marker for small vessel pathology, but their clinical impact on cognition remains uncertain. CMBs are present in about a third of patients with ischaemic stroke, and in a high proportion of patients with Alzheimer's disease, cerebral amyloid angiopathy, and vascular dementi…
HIGH PROPORTION OF DEMENTIA WITH LEWY BODIES IN THE POSTMORTEMS OF A MENTAL HOSPITAL IN GERMANY
1997
Objective. Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) is under-recognized in Germany. No data on the number of patients suffering from this condition in Germany are available at present. We were interested in the proportion of DLB in the postmortems of demented inpatients in the care of a psychogeriatric service. Design. In a retrospective study we examined consecutive postmortems of inpatients who died in one mental hospital. Setting. A suburban and rural old age psychiatry service in Germany. Patients. 103 consecutive postmortems had been performed from 9/1987 to 6/1995. Fifty-nine (57.3%) of all cases warranted the clinical diagnosis of dementia (DSM-III-R). Measures. The causes of dementia were ex…
Faut-il réaliser un « Mini-Mental State Examination » chez tout sujet âgé hypertendu ?
2009
Hypertension constitutes a recognized risk factor of vascular dementia but also of Alzheimer-type dementia. Various longitudinal studies showed that midlife blood pressure level is one of the factors conditioning the onset of dementia syndrome in late life. The high risk of dementia is linked to leukoaraiosis, vascular rigidity, microcirculation disorders, oxidative stress, blood pressure fluctuations including orthostatic hypotension and strokes, all of those being associated with hypertension. Numerous clinical trials showed the positive effect of effective treatment of hypertension on the prevention of cognitive disorders and dementias. Thus, screening and early management of dementia an…
Behavioral and psychological effects of coronavirus disease-19 quarantine in patients with dementia
2020
Background: In March 2020, the World Health Organization declared a global pandemic due to the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 and several governments planned a national quarantine in order to control the virus spread. Acute psychological effects of quarantine in frail elderly subjects with special needs, such as patients with dementia, have been poorly investigated. The aim of this study was to assess modifications of neuropsychiatric symptoms during quarantine in patients with dementia and their caregivers. Methods: This is a sub-study of a multicenter nation-wide survey. A structured telephone interview was delivered to family caregivers of patients with diagnosis of Alzheimer disease (AD),…
Cognitive impairment and stroke in elderly patients.
2016
Daniele Lo Coco,1 Gianluca Lopez,1 Salvatore Corrao,2,31Neurology and Stroke Unit, 2Department of Internal Medicine, National Relevance and High Specialization Hospital Trust ARNAS Civico, Di Cristina, Benfratelli, Palermo, 3Centre of Research for Effectiveness and Appropriateness in Medicine (C.R.E.A.M.), Di.Bi.M.I.S., University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy Abstract: We reviewed current knowledge about the interaction between stroke and vascular risk factors and the development of cognitive impairment and dementia. Stroke is increasingly recognized as an important cause of cognitive problems and has been implicated in the development of both Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia. Th…