Search results for "Vesicles"
showing 10 items of 482 documents
Potential Roles of Muscle-Derived Extracellular Vesicles in Remodeling Cellular Microenvironment: Proposed Implications of the Exercise-Induced Myoki…
2021
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as key players of intercellular communication and mediate crosstalk between tissues. Metastatic tumors release tumorigenic EVs, capable of pre-conditioning distal sites for organotropic metastasis. Growing evidence identifies muscle cell-derived EVs and myokines as potent mediators of cellular differentiation, proliferation, and metabolism. Muscle-derived EVs cargo myokines and other biological modulators like microRNAs, cytokines, chemokines, and prostaglandins hence, are likely to modulate the remodeling of niches in vital sites, such as liver and adipose tissues. Despite the scarcity of evidence to support a direct relationship between muscle-EVs…
Extracellular vesicles from a renewable natural source: development of new biomaterials
2023
Le vescicole extracellulari (EV) sono nanoparticelle membranose derivate dalle cellule che mediano la comunicazione intercellulare trasferendo composti bioattivi come proteine e RNA. La scoperta delle EV come nanotecnologie naturali e mezzi di comunicazione tra cellule e persino tra specie ha suscitato grande interesse nel campo della somministrazione di farmaci. Le EV possiedono intrinsecamente diversi attributi che le rendono un buon veicolo per il rilascio di farmaci in organi e tessuti bersaglio specifici. Infatti, queste particelle: i) sono ben tollerate nel corpo, ii) hanno una lunga emivita circolante, iii) vengono internalizzate dalle cellule riceventi e iv) sono capaci di attravers…
ANTINEOPLASTIC ACTIVITY OF NANOVESICLES ISOLATED BY CITRUS LIMON
2016
The present invention relates to the obtainment of vegetable products showing pharmacological activity and their therapeutic use. In particular the invention refers to vesicles of nanometric dimensions obtained from the juice of plants of the family Rutaceae.
Isolation and characterization of Citrus limon L. derived nanovesicles: potential use as antineoplastic agent
2015
We isolated and characterized nanovesicles from edible Citrus limon with size and composition similar to mammalian-derived exosomes. Furthermore we show an in vitro and in vivo anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic effect of these vesicles. This study opens to the possibility of using this natural plant-derived nanovesicles as antineoplastic agents.
Adipose Stromal/Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles: Potential Next-Generation Anti-Obesity Agents
2022
Over the last decade, several compounds have been identified for the treatment of obesity. However, due to the complexity of the disease, many pharmacological interventions have raised concerns about their efficacy and safety. Therefore, it is important to discover new factors involved in the induction/progression of obesity. Adipose stromal/stem cells (ASCs), which are mostly isolated from subcutaneous adipose tissue, are the primary cells contributing to the expansion of fat mass. Like other cells, ASCs release nanoparticles known as extracellular vesicles (EVs), which are being actively studied for their potential applications in a variety of diseases. Here, we focused on the importance …
Proteomic analysis of extracellular vesicles shed in vitro by MDA MB 231 breast carcinoma cells
2010
Cross talk between tumor cells and connective tissue plays a key role in tumor progression. The communication is due to the release of signalling molecules from both tumor cells and surrounding stromal cells. Several secreted proteins lack the N-terminal signal peptides and, therefore, they are secreted by alternative unconventional processes such as secretion mechanism mediated by vesicle shedding in the extracellular matrix. Actually, a certain number of proteins, playing roles in some aspects of tumor progression, have been found in shed vesicles. For example, EMMPRIN, carried out in vesicles shed by tumor cells, stimulates matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) production in stromal fibroblasts…
Exploration of extracellular vesicles from
2018
ABSTRACT The prevalent porcine helminth, Ascaris suum, compromises pig health and reduces farm productivity worldwide. The closely related human parasite, A. lumbricoides, infects more than 800 million people representing a disease burden of 1.31 million disability-adjusted life years. The infections are often chronic in nature, and the parasites have a profound ability to modulate their hosts’ immune responses. This study provides the first in-depth characterisation of extracellular vesicles (EVs) from different developmental stages and body parts of A. suum and proposes the role of these vesicles in the host–parasite interplay. The release of EVs from the third- (L3) and fourth-stage (L4)…
Exploring fast proton transfer events associated with lateral proton diffusion on the surface of membranes
2019
Proton diffusion (PD) across biological membranes is a fundamental process in many biological systems, and much experimental and theoretical effort has been employed for deciphering it. Here, we report on a spectroscopic probe, which can be tightly tethered to the membrane, for following fast (nanosecond) proton transfer events on the surface of membranes. Our probe is composed of a photoacid that serves as our light-induced proton source for the initiation of the PD process. We use our probe to follow PD, and its pH dependence, on the surface of lipid vesicles composed of a zwitterionic headgroup, a negative headgroup, a headgroup that is composed only from the negative phosphate group, or…
Delivery of proteins into living cells by reversible membrane permeabilization with streptolysin-O
2001
The pore-forming toxin streptolysin O (SLO) can be used to reversibly permeabilize adherent and nonadherent cells, allowing delivery of molecules with up to 100 kDa mass to the cytosol. Using FITC-labeled albumin, 10 5 –10 6 molecules were estimated to be entrapped per cell. Repair of toxin lesions depended on Ca 2+ -calmodulin and on intact microtubules, but was not sensitive to actin disruption or to inhibition of protein synthesis. Resealed cells were viable for days and retained the capacity to endocytose and to proliferate. The active domains of large clostridial toxins were introduced into three different cell lines. The domains were derived from Clostridium difficile B-toxin and Clo…
Study on the effects of the adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cell secretome on the innate inflammatory response
2018
Se ha demostrado que las células madre mesenquimales derivadas de tejido adiposo (MSC) ejercen efectos beneficiosos sobre algunas afecciones inflamatorias, que se han relacionado principalmente con la secreción de factores paracrinos. Por lo tanto, se han investigado las MSC como posibles herramientas terapéuticas para el tratamiento de enfermedades inflamatorias y autoinmunes. El secretoma de las MSC contiene factores solubles y componentes vesiculares conocidos como vesículas extracelulares (EV) que juegan un papel importante en diferentes procesos fisiológicos. En este trabajo, hemos investigado el potencial del medio acondicionado (CM) de ratón de las MSC para modular la respuesta infla…