Search results for "Veterinary"
showing 10 items of 3026 documents
Lysozyme gene expression and hemocyte behaviour in the Mediterranean mussel, Mytilus galloprovincialis, after injection of various bacteria or temper…
2008
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the expression of the Mytilus galloprovincialis lysozyme gene in different in vivo stress situations, including injection of bacteria Vibrio splendidus LGP32, Vibrio anguillarum or Micrococcus lysodeikticus, as well as heat shock at 30 C and cold stress at 5 C. Injection of V. splendidus LGP32 resulted in: (i) a general down-regulation of lysozyme gene expression, as quantified by Q-PCR; (ii) reduction in the number of circulating hemocytes; (iii) decrease in the percentage of circulating hemocytes expressing lysozyme mRNA which was now restricted to only small cells, as observed by ISH; and (iv) accumulation of hemocytes expressing lysozyme in t…
Taxonomic and environmental implication of pedotechnique in large scale farming
2016
Abstract Human activities that involve deep modifications of the soils and a substantial deterioration of their features are numerous and very diverse. Such activities are considered as pedotechniques and, in large-scale farming, are used only under the boost of significant economic returns. In these last decades, the pedotechniques used to tailor soils suitable for table vine cultivation in the Acate valley (Sicily, Italy), not only led to objective difficulties in the classification of these deeply transformed soils but also, to several environmental hazards. In this work after considering the pedotechniques used in tailoring suitable soil for table vine cultivation, we propose to introdu…
Cover crops and pruning in Bobal and Tempranillo vineyards have little influence on grapevine nutrition
2016
ABSTRACT Cover crops may improve vineyard soil properties, grapevine nutrient status and berry composition, however, factors such as cover crop type, annual rainfall, climate and irrigation may change their effects on vineyards. From 2008 to 2011, the effects of a non-permanent cover crop and two pruning techniques on soil as well as vine nutrients and grapevine performance of two vineyards (cv. Tempranillo and cv. Bobal) were evaluated. For that purpose, two legumes were sown in inter-rows of hand-pruned vines in February and were tilled at flowering. Soil tillage, or cover cropping, was combined with either light pruning or severe pruning to study foliar nutrient variations. Soil N, P, K …
Nitrogen Distribution in Annual Growth of ‘Italia’ Table Grape Vines
2018
Little information is available about either nitrogen (N) content/concentration in table grape vines. The knowledge about N accumulated by the vine organs during the season could support sustainable fertilization programs for table grape vineyards. The aim of the present paper was to investigate the N content in different annual organs, in summer and winter pruning materials, clusters at harvest and fallen leaves at post-harvest of table grape vines in order to verify the vine annual N requirements to be used for sustainable N fertilization schedules. Biomass and nitrogen were analyzed at six phenological growth stages (flowering, berry-set, berry growth, veraison, ripening, and harvest) fr…
Tuning host specificity during the ontogeny of a fish ectoparasite: behavioural responses to host-induced cues
2003
The choice between two alternative hosts, brown trout (Salmo trutta) and roach (Rutilus rutilus), and the response to visual and olfactory cues were studied in the ontogeny of Argulus coregoni. The initial preference of the smallest parasites for brighter roach changed at the age of 2 weeks, at the size of about 2 mm, for trout, a typical salmonid host. Younger argulids were attracted by a non-specific visual stimulus (white disc over dark background), and they did not respond to olfactory stimulation (fish-conditioned water). Later, the response to visual stimuli was modulated by trout-conditioned water, but not by that conditioned by roach. The primary role of vision, particularly in earl…
Ultrasound as a Promising Tool for the Green Extraction of Specialized Metabolites from Some Culinary Spices
2021
Spices are a popular food of plant origin, rich in various phytochemicals and recognized for their numerous properties. The aim of the study was to evaluate the antioxidant and antimicrobial activity, as well as the content of specialized metabolites, of aqueous extracts of three spice species––garlic (Allium sativum L.), ginger (Zingiber officinalle L.) and turmeric (Curcuma longa L.)––prepared by green extraction methods. Ultrasound treatment increased the chromaticity parameter b value of turmeric and ginger extracts, thus indicating a higher yellow color predominantly due to curcuminoids characteristic of these species. Ultrasound-assisted extraction significantly increased the content …
A Comprehensive Review on Lipid Oxidation in Meat and Meat Products.
2019
Meat and meat products are a fundamental part of the human diet. The protein and vitamin content, as well as essential fatty acids, gives them an appropriate composition to complete the nutritional requirements. However, meat constituents are susceptible to degradation processes. Among them, the most important, after microbial deterioration, are oxidative processes, which affect lipids, pigments, proteins and vitamins. During these reactions a sensory degradation of the product occurs, causing consumer rejection. In addition, there is a nutritional loss that leads to the formation of toxic substances, so the control of oxidative processes is of vital importance for the meat industry. Noneth…
$$PO^2$$ - A Process and Observation Ontology in Food Science. Application to Dairy Gels
2016
This paper focuses on the knowledge representation task for an interdisciplinary project called Delicious concerning the production and transformation processes in food science. The originality of this project is to combine data from different disciplines like food composition, food structure, sensorial perception and nutrition. Available data sets are described using different vocabularies and are stored in different formats. Therefore there is a need to define an ontology, called \(PO^2\) (Process and Observation Ontology), as a common and standardized vocabulary for this project. The scenario 6 of the NeON methodology was used for building \(PO^2\) and the core component is implemented i…
Hot-spot detection and characterization of strombolian activity from MODIS infrared data
2014
Identifying and characterizing strombolian activity from space is a challenging task for satellite-based infrared systems. Stromboli volcano is a natural laboratory that offers a unique opportunity for refining thermal remote-sensing applications that involve transient phenomena and small to moderate hot-spots. A new simple and fast algorithm gave us the opportunity to revisit the MODIS-derived thermal output at Stromboli volcano over the last 13 years. The new algorithm includes both night-time and daytime data and shows high performance with the detection of small-amplitude thermal anomalies ( 1000 MW). The ...
Salmo salar fish waste oil: Fatty acids composition and antibacterial activity
2020
Background and aims Fish by-products are generally used to produce fishmeal or fertilizers, with fish oil as a by-product. Despite their importance, fish wastes are still poorly explored and characterized and more studies are needed to reveal their potentiality. The goal of the present study was to qualitatively characterize and investigate the antimicrobial effects of the fish oil extracted from Salmo salar waste samples and to evaluate the potential use of these compounds for treating pathogen infections. Methods Salmo salar waste samples were divided in two groups: heads and soft tissues. Fatty acids composition, and in particular the content in saturated (SAFAs), mono-unsaturated (MUFA…