Search results for "Vinca"
showing 10 items of 22 documents
An overview on anti-tubulin agents for the treatment of lymphoma patients
2020
Anti-tubulin agents constitute a large class of compounds with broad activity both in solid tumors and hematologic malignancies, due to the interference with microtubule dynamics. Since microtubules play crucial roles in the regulation of the mitotic spindles, the interference with their function usually leads to a block in cell division with arrest at the metaphase/anaphase junction of mitosis, followed to apoptosis. This explains the reason why tubulin-binding agents (TBAs) proved to be extremely active in patients with cancer. Several anti-tubulin agents are indicated in the treatment of patients with lymphomas both alone and in combination chemotherapy regimens. The article reviews the …
Vinorelbine plus cisplatin in recurrent or previously untreated unresectable squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck
1995
Despite considerable progress achieved in the management of head and neck carcinomas (HNC) in the last decade, the prognosis of patients with advanced squamous cell HNC is still dismal. On the basis of the reported good activity of a new vinca alkaloid derivative, i.e., vinorelbine (VNR), we tested the combination of cisplatin and VNR in a series of patients with recurrent or previously untreated unresectable squamous cell HNC. Thirty-five patients with recurrent or previously untreated unresectable squamous cell HNC were treated with a combination of cisplatin 80 mg/m2 on day 1, plus vinorelbine 25 mg/m2 i.v. push on days 1 and 8. This cycle was repeated every 3 weeks. Analysis of response…
Familial adenomatosis polyposis-related desmoid tumours treated with low-dose chemotherapy: Results from an international, multi-institutional, retro…
2019
[Introduction] Desmoid tumour (DT) is a locally aggressive fibroblastic proliferative disease representing the most common extraintestinal manifestation of familial adenomatosis polyposis (FAP). As data on the activity of chemotherapy in these patients are limited, we examined the outcomes of patients treated with low-dose methotrexate (MTX)+vinca alkaloids (vinorelbine or vinblastine).
Cisplatin and vinorelbine in advanced and/or metastatic adenocarcinoma of the endometrium: a new highly active chemotherapeutic regimen.
2001
Summary Purpose To date the systemic treatment of recurrent and/or metastatic adenocarcinoma of the endometrium (EAC), using both chemotherapy and hormonotherapy (HT), is far from satisfactory. The significant activity of vinorelbine (VNR), a relatively new semisynthetic vinca alkaloid, demonstrated in advanced breast cancer, bronchial adenocarcinoma, and in head and neck cancer, prompted us to carry out a phase II trial employing the combination of cisplatin and VNR in a pluri-institutional series of patients with recurrent and/or metastatic EAC. Patients and methods Thirty-five patients affected by recurrent and/or metastatic EAC have been treated with CDDP 80 mg/m2 on day 1 plus VNR 25 m…
The New Microtubule-Targeting Agent SIX2G Induces Immunogenic Cell Death in Multiple Myeloma
2022
Microtubule-targeting agents (MTAs) are effective drugs for cancer treatment. A novel diaryl [1,2]oxazole class of compounds binding the colchicine site was synthesized as cis-restricted-combretastatin-A-4-analogue and then chemically modified to have improved solubility and a wider therapeutic index as compared to vinca alkaloids and taxanes. On these bases, a new class of tricyclic compounds, containing the [1,2]oxazole ring and an isoindole moiety, has been synthetized, among which SIX2G emerged as improved MTA. Several findings highlighted the ability of some chemotherapeutics to induce immunogenic cell death (ICD), which is defined by the cell surface translocation of Calreticulin (CAL…
Impact of Undernutrition on the Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Anticancer Drugs: A Literature Review
2017
The etiology of undernourishment in cancer patients is multifactorial: tumor-related mechanisms (such as obstruction, metabolic abnormalities, and functionality changes) in addition to the influence of anticancer therapies, which can induce or worsen undernutrition. The evident role of undernutrition in cancer treatment outcomes suggests the need of considering nutritional status when evaluating anticancer drugs. In order to merge the available data and offer researchers and clinicians a global view of this phenomenon, the present manuscript reviews on a drug-by-drug basis the undernutrition-related pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic aspects of anticancer treatments. This review notes inte…
From traditional Chinese medicine to rational cancer therapy
2007
Many natural products and derivatives thereof belong to the standard repertoire of cancer chemotherapy. Examples are Vinca alkaloids, taxanes and camptothecins. In recent years, the potential of natural products from plants, notably from medicinal plants used in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), has been recognized by the scientific community in the Western world. To provide an example of the most recent developments in this field, we have selected several compounds, namely artesunate, homoharringtonine, arsenic trioxide and cantharidin, that are found in natural TCM products and that have the potential for use in cancer therapy. Controlled clinical studies have shown that homoharringtoni…
Farmaci antimicrotubulari
2017
I microtubuli sono dei componenti del citoscheletro essenziali per lo svolgimento della normale divisione nucleare, in quanto formano il fuso mitotico, la struttura cellulare responsabile della corretta ripartizione dei cromosomi nelle cellule figlie.
Vinflunine in Metastatic Urothelial Carcinoma of the Bladder in Progression after a Platinum-Containing Regimen
2019
<b><i>Background:</i></b> Vinflunine is a microtubule inhibitor of the vinca alkaloid class approved for the treatment of urothelial bladder carcinoma after a platinum-containing regimen. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> To evaluate the effectiveness of vinflunine, we enrolled 80 subjects with a histologically confirmed diagnosis of metastatic urothelial bladder carcinoma that had previously undergone chemotherapy with a platinum-containing regimen and had measurable lesions according to the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST). The patients (<i>n</i> = 80) received vinflunine (Javlor®) every 3 weeks at 320 mg/m<sup>2&…
Structures of Alkaloid Biosynthetic Glucosidases Decode Substrate Specificity
2011
Two similar enzymes with different biosynthetic function in one species have evolved to catalyze two distinct reactions. X-ray structures of both enzymes help reveal their most important differences. The Rauvolfia alkaloid biosynthetic network harbors two O-glucosidases: raucaffricine glucosidase (RG), which hydrolyses raucaffricine to an intermediate downstream in the ajmaline pathway, and strictosidine glucosidase (SG), which operates upstream. RG converts strictosidine, the substrate of SG, but SG does not accept raucaffricine. Now elucidation of crystal structures of RG, inactive RG-E186Q mutant, and its complexes with ligands dihydro-raucaffricine and secologanin reveals that it is the…