Search results for "Visual System"

showing 10 items of 60 documents

Subjective image fidelity metric based on bit allocation of the human visual system in the DCT domain

1997

Until now, subjective image distortion measures have partially used diverse empirical facts concerning human perception: non-linear perception of luminance, masking of the impairments by a highly textured surround, linear filtering by the threshold contrast frequency response of the visual system, and non-linear post-filtering amplitude corrections in the frequency domain. In this work, we develop a frequency and contrast dependent metric in the DCT domain using a fully non-linear and suprathreshold contrast perception model: the Information Allocation Function (IAF) of the visual system. It is derived from experimental data about frequency and contrast incremental thresholds and it is cons…

Frequency responsegenetic structuresImage qualitybusiness.industrymedia_common.quotation_subjectDistortionFrequency domainSignal ProcessingMetric (mathematics)Human visual system modelContrast (vision)Computer visionComputer Vision and Pattern RecognitionArtificial intelligencebusinessData compressionmedia_commonMathematics
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No-Reference 3D Mesh Quality Assessment Based on Dihedral Angles Model and Support Vector Regression

2016

International audience; 3D meshes are subject to various visual distortions during their transmission and geometrical processing. Several works have tried to evaluate the visual quality using either full reference or reduced reference approaches. However, these approaches require the presence of the reference mesh which is not available in such practical situations. In this paper, the main contribution lies in the design of a computational method to automatically predict the perceived mesh quality without reference and without knowing beforehand the distortion type. Following the no-reference (NR) quality assessment principle, the proposed method focuses only on the distorted mesh. Specific…

Gamma distribution[ INFO.INFO-TS ] Computer Science [cs]/Signal and Image Processing[ INFO ] Computer Science [cs]Computer science02 engineering and technologycomputer.software_genre[INFO.INFO-AI]Computer Science [cs]/Artificial Intelligence [cs.AI]Quality (physics)[INFO.INFO-TS]Computer Science [cs]/Signal and Image ProcessingVisual maskingDistortion0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringGamma distribution[INFO]Computer Science [cs]Polygon mesh[ INFO.INFO-AI ] Computer Science [cs]/Artificial Intelligence [cs.AI]No-reference mesh quality assessmentVisual masking effect020207 software engineeringSupport vector machineSupport vector regressionQuality ScoreHuman visual system modelDihedral angles020201 artificial intelligence & image processingData miningAlgorithmcomputer
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Retinal ganglion cells projecting to the optic tectum and visual thalamus of lizards.

2002

Retinal ganglion cells projecting to the optic tectum and visual thalamus have been investigated in the lizard, Podarcis hispanica. Injections of biotinylated dextran-amine in the optic tectum reveal seven morphological cell varieties including one displaced ganglion cell type. Injections in the visual thalamus yield similar ganglion cell classes plus four giant ganglion cells, including two displaced ganglion cell types. The present study constitutes the first comparison of tectal versus thalamic ganglion cell types in reptiles. The situation found in lizards is similar to that reported in mammals and birds where some cell types projecting to the thalamus are larger than those projecting t…

Retinal Ganglion CellsRetinaSuperior ColliculiPhysiologyBistratified cellGiant retinal ganglion cellsLizardsAnatomyVisual systemBiologyInner plexiform layerRetinal ganglionSynaptic TransmissionSensory SystemsParasol cellGanglionmedicine.anatomical_structurenervous systemThalamusmedicineAnimalsVisual Pathwayssense organsNeuroscienceCell SizeVisual neuroscience
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Analyse des Visuellen Klassifikationssystems Durch Detektionsexperimente

1977

Summary Experiments on recognizing statistically distorted patterns show that the human visual system operates as a linear classifier. The spatial frequency range, within which features are extracted, is determined by the coupling in the area of sharpest vision (2°). The relevant features for classifying patterns are not produced by isotropic filtering

Computer sciencebusiness.industrySpeech recognitionHuman visual system modelPattern recognitionLinear classifierSpatial frequencyArtificial intelligencebusinessIFAC Proceedings Volumes
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Inverse Tone Mapping Based upon Retina Response

2014

International audience; The development of high dynamic range (HDR) display arouses the research of inverse tone mapping methods, which expand dynamic range of the low dynamic range (LDR) image to match that of HDR monitor. This paper proposed a novel physiological approach, which could avoid artifacts occurred in most existing algorithms. Inspired by the property of the human visual system (HVS), this dynamic range expansion scheme performs with a low computational complexity and a limited number of parameters and obtains high-quality HDR results. Comparisons with three recent algorithms in the literature also show that the proposed method reveals more important image details and produces …

[INFO.INFO-AR]Computer Science [cs]/Hardware Architecture [cs.AR]Computational complexity theoryArticle SubjectComputer sciencemedia_common.quotation_subjectComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISIONlcsh:MedicineTone mappinglcsh:TechnologyRetinaGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyImage (mathematics)BiomimeticsDistortionImage Interpretation Computer-AssistedHumansContrast (vision)Computer visionlcsh:ScienceHigh dynamic rangeGeneral Environmental Sciencemedia_commonDynamic rangebusiness.industrylcsh:Tlcsh:RGeneral MedicineImage EnhancementHuman visual system modellcsh:QArtificial intelligence[ INFO.INFO-AR ] Computer Science [cs]/Hardware Architecture [cs.AR]businessAlgorithmsColor PerceptionResearch ArticleThe Scientific World Journal
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Biologically Inspired Model for Inference of 3D Shape from Texture.

2015

A biologically inspired model architecture for inferring 3D shape from texture is proposed. The model is hierarchically organized into modules roughly corresponding to visual cortical areas in the ventral stream. Initial orientation selective filtering decomposes the input into low-level orientation and spatial frequency representations. Grouping of spatially anisotropic orientation responses builds sketch-like representations of surface shape. Gradients in orientation fields and subsequent integration infers local surface geometry and globally consistent 3D depth. From the distributions in orientation responses summed in frequency, an estimate of the tilt and slant of the local surface can…

Surface (mathematics)PhysiologyVisual SystemVisionComputer scienceSensory PhysiologySocial Scienceslcsh:Medicine0302 clinical medicineAnimal CellsMedicine and Health SciencesPsychologylcsh:ScienceVisual CortexNeuronsMultidisciplinaryOrientation (computer vision)Physics05 social sciencesBrainCondensed Matter PhysicsSensory SystemsSignal FilteringPhysical SciencesVisual PerceptionEngineering and TechnologySensory PerceptionAnatomyCellular TypesAlgorithmsResearch ArticleSurface PropertiesMaterials ScienceMaterial PropertiesComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISIONGeometryModels BiologicalTexture (geology)050105 experimental psychology03 medical and health sciencesHumansVisual Pathways0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesRepresentation (mathematics)ComputingMethodologies_COMPUTERGRAPHICSCurvaturebusiness.industrylcsh:RBiology and Life SciencesPattern recognitionCell BiologyObject (computer science)Form PerceptionCellular NeuroscienceSignal ProcessingAnisotropylcsh:QArtificial intelligencebusinessMathematics030217 neurology & neurosurgeryNeurosciencePLoS ONE
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A co-registration investigation of inter-word spacing and parafoveal preview: Eye movements and fixation-related potentials

2019

Participants’ eye movements (EMs) and EEG signal were simultaneously recorded to examine foveal and parafoveal processing during sentence reading. All the words in the sentence were manipulated for inter-word spacing (intact spaces vs. spaces replaced by a random letter) and parafoveal preview (identical preview vs. random letter string preview). We observed disruption for unspaced text and invalid preview conditions in both EMs and fixation-related potentials (FRPs). Unspaced and invalid preview conditions received longer reading times than spaced and valid preview conditions. In addition, the FRP data showed that unspaced previews disrupted reading in earlier time windows of analysis, com…

MaleTime FactorsEye MovementsPhysiologyVisual SystemVisionComputer scienceSpeech recognitionSensory PhysiologyVisual PhysiologySocial ScienceslukeminensilmänliikkeetOcular physiology0302 clinical medicineFovealMedicine and Health SciencesPsychologyAttentionMacula LuteaEEGNeurolinguisticsClinical NeurophysiologyBrain MappingMultidisciplinaryQ05 social sciencesRElectroencephalographyHealthy VolunteersSensory SystemsSemanticsElectrophysiologyBioassays and Physiological AnalysisPattern Recognition VisualBrain ElectrophysiologyPhysical SciencestekstinymmärtäminenMedicineFemaleSensory PerceptionAnatomyResearch ArticleAdultAdolescentImaging TechniquesPermutationScienceNeurophysiologyCo registrationNeuroimagingFixation OcularResearch and Analysis Methods050105 experimental psychologyYoung Adult03 medical and health sciencesHumans0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesScalpDiscrete MathematicsElectrophysiological TechniquesCognitive PsychologyBiology and Life SciencesEye movementLinguisticsReadingSentence ProcessingCombinatoricsFixation (visual)katseenseurantaCognitive ScienceClinical MedicineHeadMathematics030217 neurology & neurosurgeryNeurosciencePLOS ONE
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Perceptually Optimized Image Rendering

2017

We develop a framework for rendering photographic images by directly optimizing their perceptual similarity to the original visual scene. Specifically, over the set of all images that can be rendered on a given display, we minimize the normalized Laplacian pyramid distance (NLPD), a measure of perceptual dissimilarity that is derived from a simple model of the early stages of the human visual system. When rendering images acquired with a higher dynamic range than that of the display, we find that the optimization boosts the contrast of low-contrast features without introducing significant artifacts, yielding results of comparable visual quality to current state-of-the-art methods, but witho…

FOS: Computer and information sciencesComputer Science - Artificial IntelligenceImage qualityComputer scienceComputer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern RecognitionComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISIONImage processing02 engineering and technologyLuminanceRendering (computer graphics)Computer Science - GraphicsOptics0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringComputer visionPower functionComputingMethodologies_COMPUTERGRAPHICSbusiness.industryDynamic range020207 software engineeringAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsGraphics (cs.GR)Electronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsArtificial Intelligence (cs.AI)Human visual system model020201 artificial intelligence & image processingComputer Vision and Pattern RecognitionArtificial intelligencebusinessImage compression
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Alterations in the spontaneous activity of cells in the guinea pig pineal gland and visual system produced by pineal indoles

1982

The indoles serotonin (SER), melatonin (MEL), 5-methoxytryptophol (5-MTL) and 5-hydroxytryptophol (5-HTL) were administered during daytime microelectrophoretically to 240 cells in the pineal gland of the guniea-pig. The action of SER and 5-HTL was predominantly depressant on the electrical activity, MEL and 5-MTL caused an excitation in most of the units. Although MEL and 5-MTL caused fairly similar reactions on average, they appear to act on different cells. The effects of microelectrophoretically applied MEL and 5-MTL on the spontaneous or evoked activity in the visual system (retinal ganglion cells, optic tract, lateral lateral geniculate body, superior colliculus) of the guinea-pig were…

MaleSerotoninmedicine.medical_specialtyIndolesgenetic structuresOptic tractGuinea PigsVisual systemBiologyPineal GlandSynaptic TransmissionRetinal ganglionRetinaPinealocytePineal glandInternal medicinemedicineAnimalsVisual PathwaysBiological PsychiatryMelatoninNeuronsRetinaSuperior colliculusGeniculate BodiesNeural InhibitionOptic NervePsychiatry and Mental healthmedicine.anatomical_structureEndocrinologyNeurologyHydroxytryptopholOptic nerveNeurology (clinical)psychological phenomena and processesJournal of Neural Transmission
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Seeing with the visual cortex

1984

A short analysis of the input-output organization of the primary visual cortical areas in the cat and monkey is followed by a description of the salient microelectrophysiological properties of retino-geniculo-cortical system neurons. It is concluded that a strict hierarchical model of cortical processing of visual information is no longer tenable.

Retinal Ganglion Cellsgenetic structuresMotion PerceptionDermatologyVisual systemCortical processingmedicineAnimalsVisual PathwaysBinocular neuronsVisual CortexBrain MappingOrientation columnGeneral NeuroscienceGeniculate BodiesHaplorhiniGeneral MedicineForm PerceptionPsychiatry and Mental healthVisual cortexmedicine.anatomical_structureSalientSynapsesCatsVisual PerceptionNeurology (clinical)Visual FieldsPsychologyNeuroscienceThe Italian Journal of Neurological Sciences
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