Search results for "Vital capacity"
showing 10 items of 128 documents
Randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial of acetyl-L-carnitine for ALS.
2013
Our objective was to assess the effects of acetyl-L-carnitine (ALC) with riluzole on disability and mortality of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Definite/probable ALS patients, 40-70 years of age, duration 6-24 months, self-sufficient (i.e. able to swallow, cut food/handle utensils, and walk), and with forced vital capacity (FVC) > 80% entered a pilot double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel group trial and were followed for 48 weeks. ALC or placebo 3 g/day was added to riluzole 100 mg/day. Primary endpoint: number of patients no longer self-sufficient. Secondary endpoints: changes in ALSFRS-R, MRC, FVC and McGill Quality of Life (QoL) scores. Analysis was made in the intention-to-tr…
Resolvin D1 and miR‐146a are independent distinctive parameters in children with moderate and severe asthma
2020
To date, a large number of mediators and biomarkers have been detected in childhood asthma, with a potential role in monitoring the disease course. Lung function evaluation through spirometry, forced oscillation technique and multiple breath washout proved its role in asthma monitoring, especially for investigating small airway impairment in children with more severe symptoms. Recently, novel specialized pro-resolving mediators, such as resolvins and lipoxins, have been recognized as crucial in promoting the resolution of lung inflammation. Increasing evidence suggests that miRNAs are crucially entailed in asthma. Partial least squares discriminant analysis (plsDA) is a modern technique for…
Noninvasive respiratory muscle aids during PEG placement in ALS patients with severe ventilatory impairment.
2010
Abstract Although no clear recommendations are given about when percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) should be placed in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) patients, some experts underline the risk of respiratory complications when patients had severe ventilatory muscle impairment (SVMI). Aim To evaluate the efficacy of noninvasive ventilation (NIV) and mechanically assisted cough (MAC) to avoid respiratory complications related to PEG placement in ALS patients with SVMI. Material and methods Prospective study including ALS patients who had chosen to have PEG placement timed by swallowing dysfunction with the aid of NIV and MAC if needed. PEG was carried out under volume-cycled NIV th…
An elevated body mass index increases lung volume but reduces airflow in italian schoolchildren
2013
Background Asthma and obesity are important and growing health issues worldwide. Obesity is considered a risk factor for asthma, due to the induction of changes in airway mechanics and altered airway inflammation. Methods We cross-sectionally investigated the effect of increased weight on pulmonary function in a large population sample of healthy children, aged 10–17 yrs living in Palermo, Italy. Explanatory effect of weight on lung function variables were evaluated by multiple linear regression models, taking into account height, gender, and age-class. Results Among the 2,393 subjects, FVC and FEV1 were positively correlated to weight. Multiple regression models showed that the weight beta…
Cohort Differences in Maximal Physical Performance: A Comparison of 75- and 80-Year-Old Men and Women Born 28 Years Apart
2020
Abstract Background Whether increased life expectancy is accompanied by increased functional capacity in older people at specific ages is unclear. We compared similar validated measures of maximal physical performance in 2 population-based older cohorts born and assessed 28 years apart. Method Participants in the first cohort were born in 1910 and 1914 and were assessed at age 75 and 80 years, respectively (N = 500, participation rate 77%). Participants in the second cohort were born in 1938 or 1939 and 1942 or 1943 and were assessed at age 75 and 80 years, respectively (N = 726, participation rate 40%). Participants were recruited using a population register and all community-dwelling pers…
Severity-Related Changes of Bronchial Microbiome in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
2014
ABSTRACT Bronchial colonization by potentially pathogenic microorganisms (PPMs) is often demonstrated in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), but culture-based techniques identify only a portion of the bacteria in mucosal surfaces. The aim of the study was to determine changes in the bronchial microbiome of COPD associated with the severity of the disease. The bronchial microbiome of COPD patients was analyzed by 16S rRNA gene amplification and pyrosequencing in sputum samples obtained during stable disease. Seventeen COPD patients were studied (forced expiratory volume in the first second expressed as a percentage of the forced vital capacity [FEV 1 %] median, 35.0%; interquartile…
Genome-wide association study identifies five loci associated with lung function
2009
Pulmonary function measures are heritable traits that predict morbidity and mortality and define chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). We tested genome-wide association with forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV(1)) and the ratio of FEV(1) to forced vital capacity (FVC) in the SpiroMeta consortium (n = 20,288 individuals of European ancestry). We conducted a meta-analysis of top signals with data from direct genotyping (n < or = 32,184 additional individuals) and in silico summary association data from the CHARGE Consortium (n = 21,209) and the Health 2000 survey (n < or = 883). We confirmed the reported locus at 4q31 and identified associations with FEV(1) or FEV(1)/FVC and co…
Genome-wide association and large-scale follow up identifies 16 new loci influencing lung function
2011
Pulmonary function measures reflect respiratory health and are used in the diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. We tested genome-wide association with forced expiratory volume in 1 second and the ratio of forced expiratory volume in 1 second to forced vital capacity in 48,201 individuals of European ancestry with follow up of the top associations in up to an additional 46,411 individuals. We identified new regions showing association (combined P < 5 x 10(-8)) with pulmonary function in or near MFAP2, TGFB2, HDAC4, RARB, MECOM (also known as EVI1), SPATA9, ARMC2, NCR3, ZKSCAN3, CDC123, C10orf11, LRP1, CCDC38, MMP15, CFDP1 and KCNE2. Identification of these 16 new loci may p…
Effects of the prolonged thoracic epidural analgesia on ventilation function and complication rate after the lung cancer surgery.
2006
Thoracic epidural analgesia has been considered to have a good anesthetic efficacy and to decrease the postoperative complication rate, while its effect upon the ventilation function is still the topic of many clinical studies. The aim of this study was to evaluate the course of early postoperative period using thoracic epidural analgesia. Material and methods. A total of 453 patients undergoing the operation due to the non–small cell carcinoma were selected and examined. Their postoperative complications and mortality rate were evaluated. In 79 patients, arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2), forced vital capacity, forced expiratory volume in the first second, and the efficacy of analgesia wer…
Maximal degree of airway narrowing induced by methacholine and adenosine monophosphate: relationship with the decrease in forced vital capacity.
2010
Background Changes in forced vital capacity (FVC) may represent an indirect method for the detection of plateau in response to inhaled bronchoconstrictor agents. Objective To determine the relationship between the level of plateau obtained with either methacholine or adenosine monophosphate (AMP) and the decrease in FVC induced by each bronchoconstrictor agent. Methods Airway responsiveness to high concentrations of methacholine and AMP was determined in patients with intermittent asthma (n = 41) or allergic rhinitis (n = 26). Furthermore, allergen-induced changes in the response to each bronchoconstrictor agent were investigated in 18 pollen-sensitive patients. Concentration-response curve…