Search results for "Voir"
showing 10 items of 613 documents
Driven Brownian particle as a paradigm for a nonequilibrium heat bath: Effective temperature and cyclic work extraction
2017
We apply the concept of a frequency-dependent effective temperature based on the fluctuation-dissipation ratio to a driven Brownian particle in a nonequilibrium steady state. Using this system as a thermostat for a weakly coupled harmonic oscillator, the oscillator thermalizes according to a canonical distribution at the respective effective temperature across the entire frequency spectrum. By turning the oscillator from a passive "thermometer" into a heat engine, we realize the cyclic extraction of work from a single thermal reservoir, which is feasible only due to its nonequilibrium nature.
Enseignement artistique et marché, quelles relations ? Pour une conception élargie de la qualification
2022
International audience; L'objet de l'analyse est de relier l'enseignement (ses méthodes et ses contenus) au fonctionnement du marché du travail, en se concentrant spécifiquement sur les formations artistiques. L'auteur part des caractéristiques de l’œuvre d'art et montre comment ce bien hors du commun est, de façon a priori paradoxale et avec d'éventuelles tensions, enseigné. Il pose la question de la médiation du maître, de la place de la certification. Il en pointe les conséquences sur la relation - difficile - entre la formation et l'emploi et, en réponse, la tendance à la professionnalisation vers laquelle semblent s'orienter les écoles d'art.
Dracunculiasis: water-borne anthroponosis vs. food-borne zoonosis.
2019
Abstract Dracunculiasis is the first parasitic disease set for eradication. However, recent events related to the Dracunculus medinensis epidemiology in certain African countries are apparently posing new challenges to its eradication. Two novel facts have emerged: the existence of animal reservoirs (mainly dogs but also cats and baboons), and possibly a new food-borne route of transmission by the ingestion of paratenic (frogs) or transport (fish) hosts. Therefore, instead of being exclusively a water-borne anthroponosis, dracunculiasis would also be a food-borne zoonosis. The existence of a large number of infected dogs, mainly in Chad, and the low number of infected humans, have given ris…
Amiable composition. Principes directeurs du procès, Article 9 du NCPC, Application, Pouvoir d'équité, Renversement de la charge de la preuve, Princi…
1992
International audience; (Civ. 2e, 28 févr. 1990, Bull. civ. II, n° 43, p. 24, Société Chantiers modernes)
Combination of linear and nonlinear multivariate approaches effectively uncover responses of phytoplankton communities to environmental changes at re…
2022
The response of a community to environmental changes is either linear or non-linear, so that they can be investigated approximately by linear or nonlinear models. At community level, redundancy analysis (RDA) and canonical correspondence analysis (CCA), and Mantel test and Generalized Dissimilarity Modelling (GDM) are two pairs of fundamental multivariate approaches. Thus, it is necessary to determine how they are used for a given group of communities or a metacommunity. In the present study, we explored the applications of the two pairs of commonly used multivariate methods for the analysis of tropical phytoplankton communities. Phytoplankton were collected from 60 tropical reservoirs in s…
The use of zooplankton metrics to determine the trophic status and ecological potential: An approach in a large Mediterranean watershed.
2021
In the European Water Framework Directive, zooplankton was not included as a Biological Quality Element despite its important place in the aquatic trophic web. In the present study on zooplankton abundances and biomasses, we used several metrics to test their ability to detect differences among trophic statuses and ecological potential levels, and collected a large sum of data in more than 60 reservoirs at Ebro watershed, on more than 300 sampling occasions over 10 years. Our results indicate that most zooplankton metrics are correlated to environmental variables that determine reservoirs’ trophic states, especially chlorophyll a and total phosphorus. The metrics with better sensitivity to …
Arbitrage et expertise de l'article 1843-4 du Code civil
2020
International audience; (Com. 10 oct. 2018, n° 16-22.215, M. L. Gherardi c/ Sté civile des Mousquetaires, Rev. arb. 2019. 239, note J. Jourdan-Marques)
Social rights of young people: The role of local and regional authorities
2020
En el marco de toda una serie de debates, resoluciones y otros instrumentos tendentes a fortalecer la integración, participación y compromiso de la juventud a nivel local y regional, este artículo pone el acento en los derechos sociales de los jóvenes garantizados por la Carta Social Europea. Subraya el papel esencial de los entes locales y regionales, en virtud de sus competencias en el ámbito social, para facilitar el acceso y el ejercicio efectivo de los derechos sociales por parte de los jóvenes; a tal efecto, se pone el énfasis en el cumplimiento de la Carta Social y su jurisprudencia como fuentes de inspiración para la acción local y regional en este terreno. El artículo hace un llama…
La didactique clinique comme mode d’accès aux savoirs des enseignants en ÉPS : le cas de l’enseignement du judo
2018
Cette étude à visée exploratoire et compréhensive met en évidence les savoirs personnels des enseignants transmis en cours d’ÉPS. La recherche présente trois vignettes didactiques cliniques d’enseignants spécialistes de judo. Les résultats montrent que ces savoirs personnels se sont construits pendant la pratique sportive du judo lorsque ceux-ci étaient de jeunes pratiquants. Le rôle du « déjà-là expérientiel » et ses effets sur les conceptions des professeurs sont mis en avant, en lien avec les savoirs personnels. Compte tenu des effets déterminants des « déjà-là expérientiels et conceptuels », nous proposons quelques pistes de travail pour la formation initiale des enseignants d’ÉPS.
Phytoplankton equilibrium phases during thermal stratification in a deep subtropical reservoir
2008
SUMMARY 1. Equilibrium and non-equilibrium hypotheses have often been used to explain observations in community ecology. Published case studies have demonstrated that steady state phytoplankton assemblages are more likely to occur in deep lakes than in shallow mixed ones. 2. Phytoplankton seasonal succession was studied by weekly sampling in Faxinal Reservoir (S Brazil), a subtropical deep, clear, warm monomictic and slightly eutrophic reservoir. This study demonstrated an alternation of steady and non-steady state phases of phytoplankton assemblages with different dominant species during the steady states. 3. During the studied period, three steady states were identified with different dom…