Search results for "WASTE"

showing 10 items of 2580 documents

Membrane distillation: solar and waste heat driven demonstration plants for desalination

2011

Settore ING-IND/26 - Teoria Dello Sviluppo Dei Processi ChimiciMembrane Distillation solar energy waste heat desalination
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Potential applications of Salinity Gradient Power-Heat Engines for recovering low-temperature waste heat in cogeneration plants

2021

Abstract Salinity Gradient Power-Heat Engine is an innovative technology able to convert very low-temperature heat into electricity. Energy and economic benefits could be achieved by integrating this technology into cogeneration plants, where the exploitation of waste heat available during the operation could increase the revenues arising from “High-Efficiency” labels. For the first time, this paper proposes two potential applications in this field, and three illustrative case studies are purposely investigated. In the first case study, a salinity gradient-heat engine converts the waste heat available from a cogeneration plant serving an industrial process. In the second case study, a salin…

Settore ING-IND/26 - Teoria Dello Sviluppo Dei Processi ChimiciPrimary energy020209 energyEnergy Engineering and Power Technology02 engineering and technologylaw.inventionCogeneration020401 chemical engineeringlawWaste heat0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringOsmotic powerSettore ING-IND/10 - Fisica Tecnica Industriale0204 chemical engineeringProcess engineeringHeat engineRenewable Energy Sustainability and the Environmentbusiness.industryPrime moverFuel TechnologyHeat to Power technologies Low-temperature waste heat Salinity Gradient Power Heat Engine Reverse Electrodialysis Cogeneration plants Energy saving.Nuclear Energy and EngineeringEnvironmental scienceElectricitybusinessHeat pump
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Design of a novel membrane-integrated waste acid recovery process from pickling solution

2019

Abstract Hydrochloric acid pickling is a common practice in steel manufacturing industry. During the process, acid is consumed to dissolve surface oxides and metals ions are accumulated in the solution, which becomes less effective with time. In addition, the costly and risky waste acid disposal is another issue affecting the hot-dip galvanizing industry. In this work, a novel sustainable waste acid recovery process from pickling solutions based on circular approach is proposed to tackle these issues. The innovative system allows (i) the continuous regeneration of pickling solutions to enhance process rate and performance and (ii) minimise the highly expensive and environmentally risky wast…

Settore ING-IND/26 - Teoria Dello Sviluppo Dei Processi ChimiciProcess simulator Industrial wastewater Ion-exchange membranes Hydrochloric acid concentration Steel manufacturingMetal hydroxide020209 energyStrategy and ManagementHydrochloric acid02 engineering and technologyMembrane distillationIndustrial and Manufacturing Engineeringsymbols.namesakechemistry.chemical_compoundSteel millPickling0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringProcess engineering0505 lawGeneral Environmental ScienceRenewable Energy Sustainability and the Environmentbusiness.industryPrecipitation (chemistry)05 social sciences6. Clean waterGalvanizationchemistryScientific method050501 criminologysymbolsEnvironmental sciencebusinessJournal of Cleaner Production
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Water-organic systems in closed-loop reverse electrodialysis for lower regeneration requirements

2016

Salinity Gradient Power (SGP) is an emerging opportunity to produce sustainable energy. Among the different SGP technologies, Reverse ElectroDialysis (RED) looks very promising. In a RED system the salinity gradient between two different solutions is used to directly produce electricity. Closed-loop RED is an innovative process, combining a RED unit with a regeneration system. If low grade waste-heat is used for the regeneration stage, in which the initial concentrations of the solutions exiting the RED unit are restored, the closed-loop can be seen as a RED-heat-engine able to convert thermal energy into electricity. The aim of this work is to perform a preliminary analysis of a regenerati…

Settore ING-IND/26 - Teoria Dello Sviluppo Dei Processi ChimiciRED SGP Heat Engine waste heat evaporation organic-mixtures
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Long-run operation of a reverse electrodialysis system fed with wastewater solutions

2016

In the framework of Salinity Gradient Power technologies, Reverse ElectroDialysis (RED) is one of the most promising. In RED, two solutions of different salt concentration are fed into a series of alternate compartments, the one fed by the low salinity solution, the other by the high salinity solution. Compartments are separated by anion and cation exchange membranes alternatively piled to form a stack. Selective ion transport from the concentrate compartment to the dilute one across the membranes allows to generate an ionic current, which is eventually converted into electric current by means of suitable electrode compartments closing the stack. Several options for the feed solutions are p…

Settore ING-IND/26 - Teoria Dello Sviluppo Dei Processi ChimiciReverse Electrodialysis; Long-run test; wastewaterReverse ElectrodialysiwastewaterLong-run test
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REVERSE ELECTRODIALYSIS HEAT ENGINE: Low-grade Waste Heat into Electricity

Our society is undergoing a progressive change about the life style and habits. The world population is continuously increasing with 7.6 billion of human beings in 2018, resulting in an increasingly demand of resources in terms of food, water and energy. The exploitation of the planet resources since the first Industrial Revolution, results today in an unsustainable condition, which requires fundamental changes. In particular, in the energy sector the adoption of fossil fuels as the main energy source for human beings’ activities resulted in a strong impact on our planet, leading to climate changes and environmental pollution. Nowadays these aspects have induced society to a substantial cha…

Settore ING-IND/26 - Teoria Dello Sviluppo Dei Processi ChimiciSalinity Gradient Heat EngineReverse ElectrodialysiWaste heat recovery.Regeneration UnitSalinity Gradient PowerThermolytic saltLow-grade heat
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Performance of a RED system with ammonium hydrogen carbonate solutions

2016

The use of closed-loop salinity gradient power (SGP) technologies has been recently presented as a viable option to generate power using low-grade heat, by coupling a SGP unit with a thermally-driven regeneration process in a closed loop where artificial solutions can be adopted for the conversion of heat into power. Among these, the closed-loop reverse electrodialysis (RED) process presents a number of advantages such as the direct production of electricity, the extreme flexibility in operating conditions and the recently demonstrated large potentials for industrial scale-up. Ammonium hydrogen carbonate (NH4HCO3) is a salt suitable for such closed-loop RED process thanks to its particular …

Settore ING-IND/26 - Teoria Dello Sviluppo Dei Processi ChimiciSettore ING-IND/25 - Impianti ChimiciMechanical engineeringSalt (chemistry)Ocean Engineering02 engineering and technology010501 environmental sciences7. Clean energy01 natural sciencesHeat-to-powerPhase (matter)Waste heatReversed electrodialysisReverse electrodialysiOsmotic powerSalinity gradient powerProcess engineeringAmmonium hydrogen carbonate0105 earth and related environmental sciencesWater Science and Technologychemistry.chemical_classificationSettore ING-IND/24 - Principi Di Ingegneria Chimicabusiness.industry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyPollution6. Clean waterPower (physics)Reverse Electrodialysis Salinity Gradient Power SGP heat engine Waste heat Ammonium hydrogen carbonateElectricity generationchemistryScientific method0210 nano-technologybusinessAmmonium hydrogen carbonate; Heat engine; Heat-to-power; Reverse electrodialysis; Salinity gradient powerHeat engine
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Reverse electrodialysis with NH4HCO3-water systems for heat-to-power conversion

2017

Abstract A Reverse ElectroDialysis Heat Engine (REDHE) system operating with “thermolytic” ammonium hydrogen-carbonate (NH4HCO3) aqueous solutions as working fluids is studied. The engine is constituted by (i) a RED unit to produce electric power by mixing the solutions at different salinity and (ii) a thermally-driven regeneration unit including a stripping and an absorption column to restore the initial salinity gradient thus closing the cycle. In the present work only the RED unit and the stripping column are taken into account. In particular, a simplified integrated process model for the whole cycle was developed: it consists of (i) a lumped parameter model for the RED unit validated wi…

Settore ING-IND/26 - Teoria Dello Sviluppo Dei Processi ChimiciStripping (chemistry)Salinity gradient power (SGP)020209 energyAnalytical chemistry02 engineering and technology7. Clean energyThermolytic saltIndustrial and Manufacturing EngineeringWaste heat recovery unitReversed electrodialysisThermal0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringElectrical and Electronic EngineeringClosed-loop reverse electrodialysiWaste heat recoveryAmmonium hydrogen carbonateCivil and Structural EngineeringPower densityHeat engineWaste managementChemistryMechanical EngineeringAmmonium hydrogen carbonate; Closed-loop reverse electrodialysis; Reverse ElectroDialysis Heat Engine (REDHE); Salinity gradient power (SGP); Thermolytic salts; Waste heat recovery; Civil and Structural Engineering; Building and Construction; Pollution; Energy (all); Mechanical Engineering; Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering; Electrical and Electronic EngineeringBuilding and ConstructionElectrodialysis021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyPollution6. Clean waterEnergy (all)General EnergyReverse ElectroDialysis Heat Engine (REDHE)Electric power0210 nano-technology
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Development of a pilot plant for the recovery of magnesium hydroxide from waste brines

Waste brines from various industrial processes, mainly from saltworks, are an important source of minerals, such as magnesium, table salt and potable water.

Settore ING-IND/26 - Teoria Dello Sviluppo Dei Processi ChimiciWaste brine magnesium hydroxide pilot plant magnesium recovery salt water saltworks
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Diffusion dialysis for the treatment of H2SO4-CuSO4 solutions from electroplating plants: Ions membrane transport characterization and modelling

2021

Diffusion dialysis (DD) is proposed to separate and recover mineral acids and transition metals from electroplating industry process waters promoting a circular approach of resources recovery. In this work, a DD module with two anionic membranes (Fumasep FAD and Neosepta AFN) are used for the separation of H2SO4 from Cu2+ containing solutions. The membrane performances with sole H2SO4 solutions (0.2–2 M) and sole CuSO4 solutions (0.8–1.1 M Cu2+) and with mixtures of H2SO4 (0.6 M) and CuSO4 (0.2–1.1 M Cu2+) as feed are studied. H2SO4 recovery efficiency decreases as the concentration of acid increases. For H2SO4 solutions, the water drag flux from the retentate to the diffusate prevails agai…

Settore ING-IND/26 - Teoria Dello Sviluppo Dei Processi ChimiciWork (thermodynamics)Brine valorizationCircular economyEconomia circularDiffusionAigües residuals -- DepuracióAnalytical chemistryCopper electroplatingSulphuric acid recoveryFiltration and Separation02 engineering and technologyGalvanoplàstiaCopper electroplating Sulphuric acid recovery Brine valorization Circular economy Industrial wastewater treatment Diffusion dialysisAnalytical ChemistryIndustrial wastewater treatment:Enginyeria química [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC]020401 chemical engineering0204 chemical engineeringElectroplatingChemistryIndustrial wastewater treatmentMembrane transport021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyElectroplatingMembraneSewage -- PurificationDiffusion dialysis0210 nano-technologyDialysis (biochemistry)Flux (metabolism)
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